GEMMA M0 boards can run CircuitPython — a different approach to programming compared to Arduino sketches. In fact, CircuitPython comes factory pre-loaded on GEMMA M0. If you’ve overwritten it with an Arduino sketch, or just want to learn the basics of setting up and using CircuitPython, this is explained in the Adafruit GEMMA M0 guide.
Below is CircuitPython code that works similarly (though not exactly the same) as the Arduino sketch shown on a prior page. To use this, plug the GEMMA M0 into USB…it should show up on your computer as a small flash drive…then edit the file “main.py” with your text editor of choice. Select and copy the code below and paste it into that file, entirely replacing its contents (don’t mix it in with lingering bits of old code). When you save the file, the code should start running almost immediately (if not, see notes at the bottom of this page).
If GEMMA M0 doesn’t show up as a drive, follow the GEMMA M0 guide link above to prepare the board for CircuitPython.
In this example we will read IR codes sent by the Adafruit Mini Remote Control and output them to the python console in list form so they can be pasted into our next speaker example. This example is based on Wiring Diagram #1 - Gemma M0 or Trinket M0. A step-by-step explanation of using IR codes with CircuitPython can be found in the IR Sensor tutorial.
This examples requires that an additional library be copied onto the Gemma M0 or Trinket M0 (under the 'lib' folder):
- adafruit_irremote - for decoding the IR signals
The libraries can be obtained from the link below.
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2018 Mikey Sklar for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
import time
import adafruit_irremote
import board
import pulseio
IR_PIN = board.D2 # Pin connected to IR receiver.
print('IR listener')
print()
# Create pulse input and IR decoder.
pulses = pulseio.PulseIn(IR_PIN, maxlen=200, idle_state=True)
decoder = adafruit_irremote.GenericDecode()
# Loop waiting to receive pulses.
while True:
# make sure pulses is empty
# small delay for cleaner results
pulses.clear()
pulses.resume()
time.sleep(.1)
# Wait for a pulse to be detected.
detected = decoder.read_pulses(pulses)
# print the number of pulses detected
# note: pulse count is an excellent indicator as to the quality of IR code
# received.
#
# If you are expecting 67 each time (Adafruit Mini Remote Control #389)
# and only receive 57 this will result in a incomplete listener
print("pulse count: ", len(detected))
# print in list form of the pulse duration in microseconds
# typically starts with ~9,000 microseconds followed by a ~4,000
# microseconds which is standard IR preamble
print(detected)
print()
This demonstration uses a piezo speaker to make different beep tones depending based on the four captured codes we acquired in the IR Reader example above. This code is based on Wiring Diagram #1 - Gemma M0 or Trinket M0. There is a 20% 'fuzziness' factor used in matching the IR pulse codes.
This example requires that two additional libraries be copied onto the Gemma M0 or Trinket M0 (under the 'lib' folder):
- adafruit_irremote - for decoding the IR signals
- simpleio - used to send tones to the piezo speaker
Both libraries can be obtained here:
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2018 Mikey Sklar for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
"""
IR codes for button 0, 1, 2, 3 these were acquired from the
Adafruit Mini Remote Control #389
https://www.adafruit.com/product/389
stored as a 2D list
these codes were collected from running IR_reader.py
and watching the output on the REPL console
"""
import time
import adafruit_irremote
import board
import pulseio
import simpleio
speaker_pin = board.D0 # speaker connected to digital pin
ir_pin = board.D2 # pin connected to IR receiver.
fuzzyness = 0.2 # IR remote timing must be within 20% tolerance
button_presses = [
[
9073, 4504, 575, 589, 557, 581, 546, 592, 553, 585, 542, 595,
550, 588, 552, 588, 544, 591, 549, 1671, 579, 1669, 572, 1675,
577, 1671, 570, 1678, 574, 1673, 579, 559, 572, 1676, 575, 589,
542, 596, 546, 1674, 577, 1671, 571, 567, 574, 590, 552, 586,
545, 593, 548, 1672, 569, 1678, 574, 591, 550, 588, 550, 1670,
575, 1673, 579, 1671, 570, 1675, 586
],
[
9075, 4498, 571, 566, 575, 562, 569, 569, 573, 564, 577, 587, 544,
567, 577, 587, 551, 586, 545, 1675, 577, 1671, 575, 1672, 574, 1674,
580, 1668, 572, 1675, 576, 589, 542, 1678, 574, 564, 577, 588, 543,
594, 547, 591, 551, 1669, 572, 592, 553, 585, 542, 595, 550, 1671,
577, 1670, 571, 1677, 575, 1673, 569, 576, 565, 1675, 577, 1670, 572,
1676, 575
],
[
9070, 4505, 574, 563, 578, 559, 572, 566, 575, 562, 569, 569, 573, 564,
577, 561, 570, 567, 575, 1674, 578, 1669, 577, 1670, 577, 1670, 571,
1677, 575, 1672, 569, 569, 573, 1674, 577, 1671, 571, 566, 575, 562,
569, 575, 566, 1675, 577, 560, 571, 567, 574, 563, 568, 569, 573, 1675,
576, 1671, 571, 1681, 571, 562, 569, 1679, 575, 1672, 578, 1670, 570
],
[
9080, 4500, 569, 568, 573, 564, 577, 561, 570, 567, 574, 564, 578, 559,
577, 561, 575, 562, 579, 1669, 572, 1675, 577, 1671, 570, 1677, 575,
1673, 578, 1672, 570, 570, 571, 1671, 574, 564, 574, 1678, 573, 560,
571, 568, 574, 1671, 570, 568, 573, 564, 577, 561, 570, 1677, 575, 563,
578, 1669, 572, 1676, 576, 561, 570, 1677, 574, 1674, 578, 1669, 572
]
]
def fuzzy_pulse_compare(received):
# Did we receive a full IR code?
# Should be 67 timings for this remote
if len(received) == len(button_presses[0]):
# compare received IR code with our stored button_press list
# remote control button codes for : [0-3]
for b_index, button_press in enumerate(button_presses):
# compare individual timings for each IR code
# confirm that every entry is within fuzzyness 20% accuracy
for i, press in enumerate(button_press):
threshold = int(press * fuzzyness)
if abs(press - received[i]) < threshold:
match_count[b_index] += 1
def play_tone():
""" half second tones based on button selection [0-3] """
if remote_control_press == 0:
simpleio.tone(speaker_pin, 400, .5) # 400Hz beep, 1/2 sec
elif remote_control_press == 1:
simpleio.tone(speaker_pin, 500, .5) # 500Hz beep, 1/2 sec
elif remote_control_press == 2:
simpleio.tone(speaker_pin, 600, .5) # 600Hz beep, 1/2 sec
elif remote_control_press == 3:
simpleio.tone(speaker_pin, 700, .5) # 700Hz beep, 1/2 sec
# Create pulse input and IR decoder.
pulses = pulseio.PulseIn(ir_pin, maxlen=200, idle_state=True)
decoder = adafruit_irremote.GenericDecode()
# Loop waiting to receive pulses.
while True:
# total count of IR code matches for each button {0, 1, 2, 3}
match_count = [0] * len(button_presses)
# make sure pulses is empty
pulses.clear()
pulses.resume()
time.sleep(.1)
# Wait for a pulse to be detected.
detected = decoder.read_pulses(pulses)
fuzzy_pulse_compare(detected)
# confirm that we know this button
# received IR code compared with saved button_presses
# 100% match (+/- fuzziness)
# otherwise we don't know this button pressed
if max(match_count) == len(button_presses[0]):
remote_control_press = match_count.index(max(match_count))
play_tone()
print(match_count.index(max(match_count)))
else:
print("unknown button")
