Text Editor
Adafruit recommends using the Mu editor for editing your CircuitPython code. You can get more info in this guide.
Alternatively, you can use any text editor that saves simple text files.
Be sure you are running the latest version of CircuitPython to ensure updates and fixes are incorporated into the software.
Download the Project Bundle
Your project will use a specific set of CircuitPython libraries and the code.py file, along with a folder full of key configuration files. To get everything you need, click on the Download Project Bundle link below, and uncompress the .zip file.
Plug your assembled MacroPad into your computer via a known good USB cable. The board should show up as a new flash drive in your file explorer/finder named CIRCUITPY.
Drag the contents of the uncompressed bundle directory onto your MacroPad CIRCUITPY drive, replacing any existing files or directories with the same names, and adding any new ones that are necessary.
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 Anne Barela for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
"""
Scramblepad - a random scramble keypad simulation for Adafruit MACROPAD.
"""
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2021 Anne Barela for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
import time
import random
import board
from digitalio import DigitalInOut, Direction
import displayio
import terminalio
from adafruit_display_shapes.rect import Rect
from adafruit_display_text import label
from adafruit_macropad import MacroPad
# CONFIGURABLES ------------------------
# Password information
# For higher security, place password in a separate file like settings.toml
PASSWORD = "2468"
PASSWORD_LENGTH = len(PASSWORD)
# States keypad may be in
STATE_ENTRY = 1
STATE_CLEAR = 2
STATE_RESET = 3
# Color defines for keys
WHITE = 0xFFFFFF
BLACK = 0x000000
RED = 0xFF0000
ORANGE = 0xFFA500
YELLOW = 0xFFFF00
GREEN = 0x00FF00
BLUE = 0x0000FF
PURPLE = 0x800080
PINK = 0xFFC0CB
TEAL = 0x2266AA
MAGENTA = 0xFF00FF
CYAN = 0x00FFFF
colors = [PINK, RED, ORANGE, YELLOW, GREEN, BLUE, PURPLE, TEAL, MAGENTA, CYAN]
current_colors = []
# Define sounds the keypad makes
tones = (440, 220, 245, 330, 440) # Initial tones while scrambling
press_tone = 660 # This tone is used when each key is pressed
# Initial key values - this list will be scrambled by the scramble function
key_values = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
# Define the STEMMA QT I2C line SDA to be a digital output (nonstandard use)
# SDA will be used as a digital pin to trigger a transistor to
# axctivate a solenoid which will unlock, like a door
solenoid = DigitalInOut(board.SDA)
solenoid.direction = Direction.OUTPUT
# FUNCTIONS ------------------
def keys_clear(): # Set display in the Start mode, key LEDs off
for i in range(12):
macropad.pixels[i] = 0x000000
group[i].text = " "
macropad.pixels.show()
group[9].text = "START"
macropad.display.root_group = group
macropad.display.refresh()
def scramble(): # Scramble values of the keys and display on screen
for times in range(5):
# The following lines implement a random.shuffle method
# See https://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Knuth_shuffle#Python
# random.shuffle(key_values) # Shuffle the key array
for i in range(len(key_values)-1, 0, -1):
j = random.randrange(i + 1)
key_values[i], key_values[j] = key_values[j], key_values[i]
keys_display()
macropad.play_tone(tones[times], 0.3) # Play a tone each scramble iteration
time.sleep(0.01)
def keys_display(): # Display the current values of the keys on screen
for k in range(9): # The first 9 keys
group[k].text = str(key_values[k])
macropad.pixels[k] = colors[key_values[k]]
group[10].text = str(key_values[9]) # The 'Zero' position number
group[9].text = " " # Start blanks
group[11].text = " " # Status blanks
macropad.pixels[10] = colors[key_values[9]]
macropad.display.refresh()
macropad.pixels.show()
# INITIALIZATION -----------------------
macropad = MacroPad() # Set up MacroPad library and behavior
macropad.display.auto_refresh = False
macropad.pixels.auto_write = False
# Set up displayio group with all the labels
group = displayio.Group()
for key_index in range(12):
x = key_index % 3
y = key_index // 3
group.append(label.Label(terminalio.FONT, text='', color=0xFFFFFF,
anchored_position=((macropad.display.width - 1) * x / 2,
macropad.display.height - 1 -
(3 - y) * 12),
anchor_point=(x / 2, 1.0)))
group.append(Rect(0, 0, macropad.display.width, 12, fill=0xFFFFFF))
group.append(label.Label(terminalio.FONT, text='ScramblePad', color=0x000000,
anchored_position=(macropad.display.width//2, -2),
anchor_point=(0.5, 0.0)))
# Initialize in a clear state
state = STATE_CLEAR
macropad.keyboard.release_all()
keys_clear()
solenoid.value = False
# MAIN LOOP ----------------------------
while True:
if state == STATE_RESET:
print("Reset state")
macropad.keyboard.release_all()
password_guess = "" # Reset password entry
state = STATE_CLEAR # Reset state
# Check for key presses/releases
event = macropad.keys.events.get()
if not event:
continue
key_number = event.key_number
pressed = event.pressed
if pressed:
if state == STATE_CLEAR:
if key_number != 9: # Waiting to hit START
print("You must press start, lower left")
macropad.keyboard.release(key_number)
else: # START pressed
print("START pressed, enter your password")
macropad.keyboard.release(key_number)
password_guess = ""
scramble()
state = STATE_ENTRY
continue
if state == STATE_ENTRY:
if key_number == 9: # Start key during entry
print("Restart whole key entry")
macropad.keyboard.release_all()
password_guess = "" # Reset password entry
scramble()
continue
#
# From here out is password entry, state is KEY_ENTRY
#
if key_number < 11: # Ignore encoder and lower right button
old_color = macropad.pixels[key_number] # Save color of key pressed
macropad.pixels[key_number] = 0xFFFFFF # Turn key white while down
macropad.pixels.show() # Show key as white
macropad.play_tone(press_tone, 0.6) # Play tone when key pressed
# Process input - add the key pressed to the password entry
if key_number == 10: # The "0" position is shifted over, take one away
password_guess = password_guess + str(key_values[key_number-1])
else: # The 1-9 keys (index values 0 to 8)
password_guess = password_guess + str(key_values[key_number])
print(password_guess)
if len(password_guess) == PASSWORD_LENGTH: # We've entered all digits
keys_clear() # Clear the keypad
if password_guess == PASSWORD: # Success
group[9].text = " "
group[11].text = "OPEN"
macropad.display.root_group = group
macropad.display.refresh()
macropad.pixels[11] = GREEN
macropad.pixels.show()
# Activate solenoid
solenoid.value = True
time.sleep(2) # Limit time open to spare current in transistor
solenoid.value = False
# Reset
time.sleep(5)
macropad.pixels[11] = BLACK
macropad.pixels.show()
else: # fail!
group[11].text = "FAIL"
group[9].text = " "
macropad.display.root_group = group
macropad.display.refresh()
for _ in range(3): # Flash lower right 3 times red with beeps
macropad.pixels[11] = RED
macropad.pixels.show()
macropad.play_tone(880, 1)
time.sleep(0.1)
macropad.pixels[11] = BLACK
macropad.pixels.show()
time.sleep(0.1)
# Reset state after both success and failure
keys_clear()
state = STATE_RESET
else: # Release any still-pressed keys
macropad.keyboard.release(key_number)
# Change key color back
if state == STATE_ENTRY:
if key_number in (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10):
macropad.pixels[key_number] = old_color
macropad.pixels.show()
Passcode Changes and Security
The passcode is coded into the CircuitPython program, the default is "2468". You can change this by editing the code.py file with Mu or another text file editor. The passcode must be composed of digits 0 to 9 and may be of any length greater than one.
Note that embedding the passcode in the file is not the most secure. The best method would be to read it from a file, such as settings.toml or even some encrypted methodology. This project does not go to great lengths for this demonstration and the user may augment their own program to provide passcode security, multiple passcodes, and other improvements.
Page last edited March 31, 2025
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