Installing or upgrading CircuitPython

You should ensure you have CircuitPython 5.3 or greater on your board. Plug your board in with a known good data + power cable (not the cheesy USB cable that comes with USB power packs, they are power only). You should see a new flash drive pop up.

If the drive is CIRCUITPY, then open the boot_out.txt file to ensure the version number is 5.3 or greater. 

Adafruit CircuitPython 5.3.0 on 2020-04-29; Adafruit Feather M4 Express with samd51j19

If the version is less than 5 -or- you only get a drive named FEATHERBOOT then follow the Feather M4 guide on installing CircuitPython.

Download the Adafruit CircuitPython Library Bundle

In order to run the code, we'll need to download a few libraries. Libraries contain code to help interface with hardware a lot easier for us.

Use the Feather M4 page on Installing Libraries to get the library that matches the major version of CircuitPython you are using noted above.

The green button below links to a file containing all the libraries available for CircuitPython. To run the code for this project, we need the large number of libraries in the Required Libraries list below. Unzip the library bundle and search for the libraries. Drag and drop the files into a folder named lib on the CIRCUITPY drive (create the folder if it is not already on the Feather M4).

Required Libraries 

  • adafruit_display_text
  • adafruit_bitmap_font
  • adafruit_imageload

Required Assets

  • emoji.bmp
  • slots.mp3

Once we have all the files we need, a directory listing will look similar to below as far as files and directories.

Upload Code

Click on the Download: Project Zip link below to grab the project files in a zip file directly from GitHub. Place the code.py file and bitmap graphics files onto the CIRCUITPY main (root) directory. The code will run properly when all of the files have been uploaded including libraries.

Use any text editor or favorite IDE to modify the code. We suggest using Mu as noted above.

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

import random
import time

import adafruit_imageload.bmp
import audioio
import audiomp3
import board
import displayio
import digitalio
import framebufferio
import rgbmatrix

displayio.release_displays()

matrix = rgbmatrix.RGBMatrix(
    width=64, height=32, bit_depth=4,
    rgb_pins=[board.D6, board.D5, board.D9, board.D11, board.D10, board.D12],
    addr_pins=[board.A5, board.A4, board.A3, board.A2],
    clock_pin=board.D13, latch_pin=board.D0, output_enable_pin=board.D1)
display = framebufferio.FramebufferDisplay(matrix, auto_refresh=False)

# Each wheel can be in one of three states:
STOPPED, RUNNING, BRAKING = range(3)

# Return a duplicate of the input list in a random (shuffled) order.
def shuffled(seq):
    return sorted(seq, key=lambda _: random.random())

# The Wheel class manages the state of one wheel. "pos" is a position in
# floating point coordinates, with one 1 pixel being 1 position.
# The wheel also has a velocity (in positions
# per tick) and a state (one of the above constants)
class Wheel(displayio.TileGrid):
    def __init__(self, bitmap, palette):
        # Portions of up to 3 tiles are visible.
        super().__init__(bitmap=bitmap, pixel_shader=palette,
                         width=1, height=3, tile_width=20, tile_height=24)
        self.order = shuffled(range(20))
        self.state = STOPPED
        self.pos = 0
        self.vel = 0
        self.termvel = 2
        self.y = 0
        self.x = 0
        self.stop_time = time.monotonic_ns()
        self.step()

    def step(self):
        # Update each wheel for one time step
        if self.state == RUNNING:
            # Slowly lose speed when running, but go at least terminal velocity
            self.vel = max(self.vel * .99, self.termvel)
            if time.monotonic_ns() > self.stop_time:
                self.state = BRAKING
        elif self.state == BRAKING:
            # More quickly lose speed when baking, down to speed 0.4
            self.vel = max(self.vel * .85, 0.4)

        # Advance the wheel according to the velocity, and wrap it around
        # after 24*20 positions
        self.pos = (self.pos + self.vel) % (20*24)

        # Compute the rounded Y coordinate
        yy = round(self.pos)
        # Compute the offset of the tile (tiles are 24 pixels tall)
        yyy = yy % 24
        # Find out which tile is the top tile
        off = yy // 24

        # If we're braking and a tile is close to midscreen,
        # then stop and make sure that tile is exactly centered
        if self.state == BRAKING and self.vel <= 2 and yyy < 8:
            self.pos = off * 24
            self.vel = 0
            yyy = 0
            self.state = STOPPED

        # Move the displayed tiles to the correct height and make sure the
        # correct tiles are displayed.
        self.y = yyy - 20
        for i in range(3):
            self[i] = self.order[(19 - i + off) % 20]

    # Set the wheel running again, using a slight bit of randomness.
    # The 'i' value makes sure the first wheel brakes first, the second
    # brakes second, and the third brakes third.
    def kick(self, i):
        self.state = RUNNING
        self.vel = random.uniform(8, 10)
        self.termvel = random.uniform(1.8, 4.2)
        self.stop_time = time.monotonic_ns() + 3000000000 + i * 350000000


# This bitmap contains the emoji we're going to use. It is assumed
# to contain 20 icons, each 20x24 pixels. This fits nicely on the 64x32
# RGB matrix display.
the_bitmap, the_palette = adafruit_imageload.load(
    "/emoji.bmp",
    bitmap=displayio.Bitmap,
    palette=displayio.Palette)

# Our fruit machine has 3 wheels, let's create them with a correct horizontal
# (x) offset and arbitrary vertical (y) offset.
g = displayio.Group()
wheels = []
for idx in range(3):
    wheel = Wheel(the_bitmap, the_palette)
    wheel.x = idx * 22
    wheel.y = -20
    g.append(wheel)
    wheels.append(wheel)
display.root_group = g

# We want a digital input to trigger the fruit machine
button = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.A1)
button.switch_to_input(pull=digitalio.Pull.UP)

# Enable the speaker
enable = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.D4)
enable.switch_to_output(True)

mp3file = open("/triangles-loop.mp3", "rb")
sample = audiomp3.MP3Decoder(mp3file)

# Play the sample (just loop it for now)
speaker = audioio.AudioOut(board.A0)
speaker.play(sample, loop=True)

# Here's the main loop
while True:
    # Refresh the dislpay (doing this manually ensures the wheels move
    # together, not at different times)
    display.refresh(minimum_frames_per_second=0, target_frames_per_second=60)

    all_stopped = all(si.state == STOPPED for si in wheels)
    if all_stopped:
        # Once everything comes to a stop, wait until the lever is pulled and
        # start everything over again.  Maybe you want to check if the
        # combination is a "winner" and add a light show or something.

        while button.value:
            pass
        for idx, si in enumerate(wheels):
            si.kick(idx)

    # Otherwise, let the wheels keep spinning...
    for idx, si in enumerate(wheels):
        si.step()

Double Check

See the directory listing above and double check that you have all the files listed to make this project function. If any are missing or in an incorrect directory, move them so they're in the right places.

This guide was first published on Jun 17, 2020. It was last updated on Mar 28, 2024.

This page (CircuitPython Libraries) was last updated on Mar 28, 2024.

Text editor powered by tinymce.