# PyPortal Trivia Time with the Open Trivia Database
## Overview
Grab a friend and quiz-off with this internet-connected trivia app, powered by the Adafruit PyPortal!
Using the [Open Trivia Database API](https://opentdb.com/api_config.php), the PyPortal can connect to thousands of verified questions online. Connect two arcade buttons to the PyPortal and face-off with a friend!
## Parts
You can pick up an Adafruit PyPortal and a USB cable (if needed). If you like, you can mount the PyPortal in the Adafruit laser-cut acrylic stand. All these parts are bundled in AdaBox 011 if you'd like to buy them together.
Instead of AdaBox 011, you can buy parts separately:
Featured
### Adafruit PyPortal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display
[Adafruit PyPortal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4116)
**PyPortal** , our easy-to-use IoT device that allows you to create all the things for the “Internet of Things” in minutes. Make custom touch screen interface GUIs, all open-source, and Python-powered using tinyJSON / APIs to get news, stock, weather, cat photos,...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4116)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4116/guides)
Featured
### USB cable - USB A to Micro-B
[USB cable - USB A to Micro-B](https://www.adafruit.com/product/592)
This here is your standard A to micro-B USB cable, for USB 1.1 or 2.0. Perfect for connecting a PC to your Metro, Feather, Raspberry Pi or other dev-board or microcontroller
Approximately 3 feet / 1 meter long
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/592)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/592/guides)
## Other materials
Featured
### Arcade Button - 30mm Translucent Red
[Arcade Button - 30mm Translucent Red](https://www.adafruit.com/product/473)
A button is a button, and a switch is a switch, but these translucent arcade buttons are in a class of their own. They're the same size as common arcade controls (often referred to as 30mm diameter) but have some nice things going for them that justify the extra dollar.
First,...
Out of Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/473)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/473/guides)
Featured
### Arcade Button - 30mm Translucent Blue
[Arcade Button - 30mm Translucent Blue](https://www.adafruit.com/product/476)
A button is a button, and a switch is a switch, but these translucent arcade buttons are in a class of their own. They're the same size as common arcade controls (often referred to as 30mm diameter) but have some nice things going for them that justify the extra dollar.
First,...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/476)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/476/guides)
Featured
### Arcade Button Quick-Connect Wire Pairs - 0.11" (10 pack)
[Arcade Button Quick-Connect Wire Pairs - 0.11" (10 pack)](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1152)
Quick connector wire sets will make wiring up our arcade-style or metal buttons quicky-quick. Each wire comes as a 'pair' with two 0.11" quick-connects pre-crimped onto 20cm long wires. The wires are then terminated together in a JST 2.5mm/0.1" spaced 2-pin connector (we...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1152)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/1152/guides)
### STEMMA JST PH 2mm 3-Pin to Male Header Cable - 200mm
quantity: 2
[STEMMA JST PH 2mm 3-Pin to Male Header Cable - 200mm](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3893)
This cable will let you turn a JST PH 3-pin cable port into 3 individual wires with high-quality 0.1" male header plugs on the end. We're carrying these to match up with our Hallowing, for extending and connecting sensors or LEDs - and the wires are even color coded!
Out of Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3893)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/3893/guides)
## Tools and construction
- small cardboard box
- hobby knife
- pencil
- ruler
- wire cutters
- tape
## Optional
Featured
### Adafruit PyPortal Desktop Stand Enclosure Kit
[Adafruit PyPortal Desktop Stand Enclosure Kit](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4146)
PyPortal is our easy-to-use IoT device that allows you to create all the things for the “Internet of Things” in minutes. Create little pocket universes of joy that connect to something good.
And now that you've made a cool internet-connected project...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4146)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4146/guides)
# PyPortal Trivia Time with the Open Trivia Database
## Connect Electronics
First we'll connect the electronics before we add the code and build the box.
- On the back of the PyPortal, connect one JST cable to **D4** and the other to **D3**.
- Next connect the ground and data breadboard cables from the JST connector to the arcade button quick connect wire pairs. Orientation will not matter.
- Lastly connect the quick connect pairs to buttons. Make sure to keep track which color button corresponds to which input on the PyPortal ( **D4** vs **D3** )
# PyPortal Trivia Time with the Open Trivia Database
## Install CircuitPython
[CircuitPython](https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython) is a derivative of [MicroPython](https://micropython.org) designed to simplify experimentation and education on low-cost microcontrollers. It makes it easier than ever to get prototyping by requiring no upfront desktop software downloads. Simply copy and edit files on the **CIRCUITPY** "flash" drive to iterate.
The following instructions will show you how to install CircuitPython. If you've already installed CircuitPython but are looking to update it or reinstall it, the same steps work for that as well!
## Set up CircuitPython Quick Start!
Follow this quick step-by-step for super-fast Python power :)
[Download the latest version of CircuitPython for the PyPortal via CircuitPython.org](https://circuitpython.org/board/pyportal/)
[Download the latest version of CircuitPython for the PyPortal Pynt via CircuitPython.org](https://circuitpython.org/board/pyportal_pynt/)
**Click the link above to download the latest version of CircuitPython for the PyPortal.**
Download and save it to your desktop (or wherever is handy).
Plug your PyPortal into your computer using a known-good USB cable.
**A lot of people end up using charge-only USB cables and it is very frustrating! So make sure you have a USB cable you know is good for data sync.**
Double-click the **Reset** button on the top in the middle (magenta arrow) on your board, and you will see the NeoPixel RGB LED (green arrow) turn green. If it turns red, check the USB cable, try another USB port, etc. **Note:** The little red LED next to the USB connector will pulse red. That's ok!
If double-clicking doesn't work the first time, try again. Sometimes it can take a few tries to get the rhythm right!
You will see a new disk drive appear called **PORTALBOOT**.
Drag the **adafruit-circuitpython-pyportal-\.uf2** file to **PORTALBOOT.**
The LED will flash. Then, the **PORTALBOOT** drive will disappear and a new disk drive called **CIRCUITPY** will appear.
If you haven't added any code to your board, the only file that will be present is **boot\_out.txt**. This is absolutely normal! It's time for you to add your **code.py** and get started!
That's it, you're done! :)
## PyPortal Default Files
Click below to download a zip of the files that shipped on the PyPortal or PyPortal Pynt.
[PyPortal Default Files](https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython-default-files/tree/main/boards/pyportal/4.x)
[PyPortal Pynt Default Files](https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython-default-files/tree/main/boards/pyportal_pynt/5.x)
# PyPortal Trivia Time with the Open Trivia Database
## PyPortal CircuitPython Setup
To use all the amazing features of your PyPortal with CircuitPython, you must first install a number of libraries. This page covers that process.
# Adafruit CircuitPython Bundle
Download the Adafruit CircuitPython Library Bundle. You can find the latest release here:
[Latest Adafruit CircuitPython Library Bundle](https://circuitpython.org/libraries)
Download the **adafruit-circuitpython-bundle-\*.x-mpy-\*.zip** bundle zip file where **\*.x MATCHES THE VERSION OF CIRCUITPYTHON YOU INSTALLED** , and unzip a folder of the same name. Inside you'll find a **lib** folder. You have two options:
- You can add the **lib** folder to your **CIRCUITPY** drive. This will ensure you have _all the drivers_. But it will take a bunch of space on the 8 MB disk
- Add each library as you need it, this will reduce the space usage but you'll need to put in a little more effort.
At a minimum we recommend the following libraries, in fact we more than recommend. They're basically required. So grab them and install them into **CIRCUITPY/lib** now!
- **adafruit\_esp32spi** - This is the library that gives you internet access via the ESP32 using (you guessed it!) SPI transport. You need this for anything Internet
- **adafruit\_requests** - This library allows us to perform HTTP requests and get responses back from servers. GET/POST/PUT/PATCH - they're all in here!
- adafruit\_connection\_manager - used by adafruit\_requests.
- **adafruit\_pyportal** - This is our friendly wrapper library that does a lot of our projects, displays graphics and text, fetches data from the internet. Nearly all of our projects depend on it!
- **adafruit\_portalbase** - This library is the base library that adafruit\_pyportal library is built on top of.
- **adafruit\_touchscreen** - a library for reading touches from the resistive touchscreen. Handles all the analog noodling, rotation and calibration for you.
- **adafruit\_io** - this library helps connect the PyPortal to our free datalogging and viewing service
- **adafruit\_imageload** - an image display helper, required for any graphics!
- **adafruit\_display\_text** - not surprisingly, it displays text on the screen
- **adafruit\_bitmap\_font** - we have fancy font support, and its easy to make new fonts. This library reads and parses font files.
- **adafruit\_slideshow** - for making image slideshows - handy for quick display of graphics and sound
- **neopixel** - for controlling the onboard neopixel
- **adafruit\_adt7410** - library to read the temperature from the on-board Analog Devices ADT7410 precision temperature sensor (not necessary for Titano or Pynt)
- **adafruit\_bus\_device** - low level support for I2C/SPI
- **adafruit\_fakerequests** - This library allows you to create fake HTTP requests by using local files.
# PyPortal Trivia Time with the Open Trivia Database
## Create Your settings.toml File
CircuitPython works with WiFi-capable boards to enable you to make projects that have network connectivity. This means working with various passwords and API keys. As of [CircuitPython 8](https://circuitpython.org/downloads), there is support for a **settings.toml** file. This is a file that is stored on your **CIRCUITPY** drive, that contains all of your secret network information, such as your SSID, SSID password and any API keys for IoT services. It is designed to separate your sensitive information from your **code.py** file so you are able to share your code without sharing your credentials.
CircuitPython previously used a **secrets.py** file for this purpose. The **settings.toml** file is quite similar.
Warning: Your **settings.toml** file should be stored in the main directory of your **CIRCUITPY** drive. It should not be in a folder.
## CircuitPython **settings.toml** File
This section will provide a couple of examples of what your **settings.toml** file should look like, specifically for CircuitPython WiFi projects in general.
The most minimal **settings.toml** file must contain your WiFi SSID and password, as that is the minimum required to connect to WiFi. Copy this example, paste it into your **settings.toml** , and update:
- `your_wifi_ssid`
- `your_wifi_password`
```auto
CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "your_wifi_ssid"
CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "your_wifi_password"
```
Many CircuitPython network-connected projects on the Adafruit Learn System involve using Adafruit IO. For these projects, you must _also_ include your Adafruit IO username and key. Copy the following example, paste it into your settings.toml file, and update:
- `your_wifi_ssid`
- `your_wifi_password`
- `your_aio_username`
- `your_aio_key`
```auto
CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "your_wifi_ssid"
CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "your_wifi_password"
ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME = "your_aio_username"
ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY = "your_aio_key"
```
Some projects use different variable names for the entries in the **settings.toml** file. For example, a project might use `ADAFRUIT_AIO_ID` in the place of `ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME`. **If you run into connectivity issues, one of the first things to check is that the names in the settings.toml file match the names in the code.**
Warning: Not every project uses the same variable name for each entry in the **settings.toml** file! Always verify it matches the code.
## **settings.toml** File Tips
Here is an example **settings.toml** file.
```auto
# Comments are supported
CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "guest wifi"
CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "guessable"
CIRCUITPY_WEB_API_PORT = 80
CIRCUITPY_WEB_API_PASSWORD = "passw0rd"
test_variable = "this is a test"
thumbs_up = "\U0001f44d"
```
In a **settings.toml** file, it's important to keep these factors in mind:
- Strings are wrapped in double quotes; ex: `"your-string-here"`
- Integers are _ **not** _ quoted and may be written in decimal with optional sign (`+1`, `-1`, `1000`) or hexadecimal (`0xabcd`).
- Floats (decimal numbers), octal (`0o567`) and binary (`0b11011`) are not supported.
- Use `\u` escapes for weird characters, `\x` and `\ooo` escapes are not available in **.toml** files
- Example: `\U0001f44d` for 👍 (thumbs up emoji) and `\u20ac` for € (EUR sign)
- Unicode emoji, and non-ASCII characters, stand for themselves as long as you're careful to save in "UTF-8 without BOM" format
When your **settings.toml ** file is ready, you can save it in your text editor with the **.toml** extension.
## Accessing Your **settings.toml** Information in **code.py**
In your **code.py** file, you'll need to `import` the `os` library to access the **settings.toml** file. Your settings are accessed with the `os.getenv()` function. You'll pass your settings entry to the function to import it into the **code.py** file.
```python
import os
print(os.getenv("test_variable"))
```
In the upcoming CircuitPython WiFi examples, you'll see how the **settings.toml ** file is used for connecting to your SSID and accessing your API keys.
# PyPortal Trivia Time with the Open Trivia Database
## Internet Connect!
# Connect to WiFi
OK, now that you have your **settings.toml** file set up - you can connect to the Internet.
To do this, you need to first install a few libraries, into the lib folder on your **CIRCUITPY** drive. Then you need to update **code.py** with the example script.
Thankfully, we can do this in one go. In the example below, click the **Download Project Bundle** button below to download the necessary libraries and the **code.py** file in a zip file. Extract the contents of the zip file, open the directory **examples/** and then click on the directory that matches the version of CircuitPython you're using and copy the contents of that directory to your **CIRCUITPY** drive.
Your **CIRCUITPY** drive should now look similar to the following image:
Info: Update to CircuitPython 9.2.x or later to use this example.
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_ESP32SPI/blob/main/examples/esp32spi_simpletest.py
And save it to your board, with the name **code.py**.
Don't forget you'll also need to create the **settings.toml** file as seen above, with your WiFi ssid and password.
In a serial console, you should see something like the following. For more information about connecting with a serial console, view the guide [Connecting to the Serial Console](https://learn.adafruit.com/welcome-to-circuitpython/kattni-connecting-to-the-serial-console).
```terminal
>>> import wifitest
ESP32 SPI webclient test
ESP32 found and in idle mode
Firmware vers. 1.7.5
MAC addr: 24:C9:DC:BD:0F:3F
HomeNetwork RSSI: -46
HomeNetwork RSSI: -76
Fios-12345 RSSI: -92
FiOS-AB123 RSSI: -92
NETGEAR53 RSSI: -93
Connecting to AP...
Connected to HomeNetwork RSSI: -45
My IP address is 192.168.1.245
IP lookup adafruit.com: 104.20.39.240
Ping google.com: 30 ms
Fetching text from http://wifitest.adafruit.com/testwifi/index.html
----------------------------------------
This is a test of Adafruit WiFi!
If you can read this, its working :)
----------------------------------------
Fetching json from http://wifitest.adafruit.com/testwifi/sample.json
----------------------------------------
{'fun': True, 'company': 'Adafruit', 'founded': 2005, 'primes': [2, 3, 5], 'pi': 3.14, 'mixed': [False, None, 3, True, 2.7, 'cheese']}
----------------------------------------
Done!
```
Going over the example above, here's a breakdown of what the program is doing:
- Initialize the ESP32 over SPI using the SPI port and 3 control pins:
```python
esp32_cs = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_CS)
esp32_ready = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_BUSY)
esp32_reset = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_RESET)
#...
else:
spi = busio.SPI(board.SCK, board.MOSI, board.MISO)
esp = adafruit_esp32spi.ESP_SPIcontrol(spi, esp32_cs, esp32_ready, esp32_reset)
```
- Get the socket pool and the SSL context, and then tell the `adafruit_requests` library about them.
```python
pool = adafruit_connection_manager.get_radio_socketpool(esp)
ssl_context = adafruit_connection_manager.get_radio_ssl_context(esp)
requests = adafruit_requests.Session(pool, ssl_context)
```
- Verify an ESP32 is found, checks the firmware and MAC address
```auto
if esp.status == adafruit_esp32spi.WL_IDLE_STATUS:
print("ESP32 found and in idle mode")
print("Firmware vers.", esp.firmware_version)
print("MAC addr:", ":".join("%02X" % byte for byte in esp.MAC_address))
```
- Perform a scan of all access points it can see and print out the name and signal strength.
```python
for ap in esp.scan_networks():
print("\t%-23s RSSI: %d" % (ap.ssid, ap.rssi))
```
- Connect to the AP we've defined here, then print out the local IP address. Then attempt to do a domain name lookup and ping google.com to check network connectivity. (Note sometimes the ping fails or takes a while; this isn't a big deal.)
```python
print("Connecting to AP...")
while not esp.is_connected:
try:
esp.connect_AP(ssid, password)
except OSError as e:
print("could not connect to AP, retrying: ", e)
continue
print("Connected to", esp.ap_info.ssid, "\tRSSI:", esp.ap_info.rssi)
print("My IP address is", esp.ipv4_address)
print(
"IP lookup adafruit.com: %s" % esp.pretty_ip(esp.get_host_by_name("adafruit.com"))
)
```
Now we're getting to the really interesting part of the example program. We've written a library for web fetching web data, named [adafruit\_requests](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Requests). It is a lot like the regular Python library named [requests](https://requests.readthedocs.io/en/latest/). This library allows you to send HTTP and HTTPS requests easily and provides helpful methods for parsing the response from the server.
- Here is the part of the example program is fetching text data from a URL.
```python
TEXT_URL = "http://wifitest.adafruit.com/testwifi/index.html" # Further up in the program
# ...
print("Fetching text from", TEXT_URL)
r = requests.get(TEXT_URL)
print('-' * 40)
print(r.text)
print('-' * 40)
r.close()
```
- Finally, here the program is fetching some JSON data. The `adafruit_requests` library will parse the JSON into a Python dictionary whose structure is the same as the structure of the JSON.
```auto
JSON_URL = "http://wifitest.adafruit.com/testwifi/sample.json" # Further up in the program
# ...
print("Fetching json from", JSON_URL)
r = requests.get(JSON_URL)
print('-' * 40)
print(r.json())
print('-' * 40)
r.close()
```
# Advanced Requests Usage
Want to send custom HTTP headers, parse the response as raw bytes, or handle a response's http status code in your CircuitPython code?
We've written an example to show advanced usage of the requests module below.
To use with CircuitPython, you need to first install a few libraries, into the lib folder on your **CIRCUITPY** drive. Then you need to update **code.py** with the example script.
Thankfully, we can do this in one go. In the example below, click the **Download Project Bundle** button below to download the necessary libraries and the **code.py** file in a zip file. Extract the contents of the zip file, open the directory **examples/** and then click on the directory that matches the version of CircuitPython you're using and copy the contents of that directory to your **CIRCUITPY** drive.
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Requests/blob/main/examples/esp32spi/requests_esp32spi_advanced.py
Your **CIRCUITPY** drive should now look similar to the following image:
# WiFi Manager
The way the examples above connect to WiFi works but it's a little finicky. Since WiFi is not necessarily so reliable, you may have disconnects and need to reconnect. For more advanced uses, we recommend using the `WiFiManager` class. It will wrap the connection/status/requests loop for you - reconnecting if WiFi drops, resetting the ESP32 if it gets into a bad state, etc.
Here's a more advanced example that shows using the `WiFiManager` and also how to fetch the current time from a web source.
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_ESP32SPI/blob/main/examples/esp32spi_localtime.py
# Further Information
For more information on the basics of doing networking in CircuitPython, see this guide:
### Networking in CircuitPython
[Networking in CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/networking-in-circuitpython)
# PyPortal Trivia Time with the Open Trivia Database
## Code PyPortal with CircuitPython
## CircuitPython Code
In the embedded code element below, click on the **Download Project Bundle** button, and save the .zip archive file to your computer.
Then, uncompress the .zip file, it will unpack to a folder named **PyPortal\_Trivia\_Time**.
Copy the contents of the **PyPortal\_Trivia\_Time** directory to your PyPortal **CIRCUITPY** drive.
This is what the final contents of the **CIRCUITPY** drive will look like:
Warning:
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/PyPortal/PyPortal_Trivia_Time/code.py
# PyPortal Trivia Time with the Open Trivia Database
## Using the App
When the PyPortal is turned on or reset, the following events occur:
- Display the title page and wait until user taps screen.
- If user taps screen, display "loading..." while question data is being pulled from API.
- Display question, answer choices then timer length.
- Which ever player hits their button first, will get their name displayed on the screen.
- They then get 5 seconds to answer and hit their button again.
- Display correct answer and prompt user to tap screen for next question.
- If no player hits their button within the 10 seconds after the question is displayed, "Time's Up!" appears on the screen.
- Tap any button to reveal the answer.
## How it works
Trivia Time is doing a couple of nifty things to deliver your quiz-off experience!
### Background
First, the program displays a bitmap graphic as the screen's background. After the screen is tapped, the second bitmap graphic displays as the background for displaying the trivia questions. These are are 320 x 240 pixel RGB 16-bit raster graphics in **.bmp** format.
If you would like to create your own background, awesome! You'll want to save the file with these specifications:
- 320 x 240 pixels
- 16-bit RGB color
- Save file as .bmp format
You can then copy the .bmp file to the root level of the **CIRCUITPY** drive. Make sure you refer to this new filename in the pyportal constructor line:
`default_bg=cwd+ "/trivia_title.bmp"`
Change that line to use the new filename name, such as:
`default_bg=cwd+"/my_new_background.bmp"`
### Font
First we see "loading" appear on the screen along with the source at the bottom (part of the bitmap).
Next the question, answers and timer appear on the screen.
The fonts used here are bitmap fonts made from the Arial Italic typeface. You can learn more about [converting type in this guide](https://learn.adafruit.com/custom-fonts-for-pyportal-circuitpython-display).
### JSON
The neat part is that the text is not coming from a file on the device, but rather it is taken from a website!
## The Open Trivia Database API
The [Open Trivia Database](https://opentdb.com/) API is where we'll be grabbing our trivia questions from. [The API](https://opentdb.com/api_config.php) has over 3,000 verified, user-contributed questions to use!
You can choose a number of presets to filter the type of questions you get such as number, category, difficulty, type and encoding.
- Change the number of questions to 1 then click the "Generate API URL" button.
- A link will appear on the top of the screen. Copy and paste that link into a new web browser window (or just click [here](https://opentdb.com/api.php?amount=1)).
```
{"response_code":0,"results":[{"category":"Entertainment: Japanese Anime & Manga","type":"multiple","difficulty":"medium","question":"In "Highschool DxD", what is the name of the item some humans are born with?","correct_answer":"Sacred Gear","incorrect_answers":["Imperial Arm","Hallowed Relic","Blessed Artifact"]}]}
```
You may see a large mess of numbers, letters and symbols. This is JSON data!
Head [here](https://codebeautify.org/jsonviewer) to beautify the code so we can actually read it!
"Beautified" code:
```auto
{
"response_code": 0,
"results": [
{
"category": "Entertainment: Japanese Anime & Manga",
"type": "multiple",
"difficulty": "medium",
"question": "In "Highschool DxD", what is the name of the item some humans are born with?",
"correct_answer": "Sacred Gear",
"incorrect_answers": [
"Imperial Arm",
"Hallowed Relic",
"Blessed Artifact"
]
}
]
}
```
If we look through the JSON file, we'll see a **key** called `question`, and 2 others called `correct_answer` and `incorrect_answers`. `incorrect_answers` has a sub-tree below it hierarchically with 3 elements.
The raw JSON for these **key : value** pairs look like this:
```auto
"question": "In "Highschool DxD", what is the name of the item some humans are born with?"
"correct_answer": "Sacred Gear"
"incorrect_answers": [
"Imperial Arm",
"Hallowed Relic",
"Blessed Artifact"
]
```
Our CircuitPython code is able to grab and parse this data using these variables:
```auto
Q_LOCATION = ['results', 0, 'question']
CA_LOCATION = ['results', 0, 'correct_answer']
WA_LOCATION1 = ['results', 0, 'incorrect_answers', 0]
WA_LOCATION2 = ['results', 0, 'incorrect_answers', 1]
WA_LOCATION3 = ['results', 0, 'incorrect_answers', 2]
```
## PyPortal Constructor
When we set up the `pyportal` constructor, we are providing it with these things:
- `url` to query
- `json_path` to traverse and find the key:value pair we need
- `status_neopixel` pin
- `default_bg` path and name to display the background bitmap
## Fetch
With the pyportal set up, we can then use `pyportal.fetch()` to do the query and parsing the pieces of Open Trivia data. You may notice some responses output data like `"`. This is HTML code. " Next we'll "clean" the text before it gets displayed.
## "Cleaning" JSON with HTML code
In order to "clean" the JSON data (i.e. take HTML codes like `"` and make them `"`) we have to take in the JSON data, clean it, and then display it using the Adafruit\_Display\_Text library. After taking in the data from the API, we use the `unescape()` function to replace HTML code with desire text.
`def unescape(s):`
` s = s.replace(""", "''")`
` s = s.replace("'", "'")`
` s = s.replace("&", "&")`
` return s`
## Main loop
`while True:`
In the **repeating** main loop, the following actions are performed:
1. Check to see if the screen was **touched**
2. If screen was touched, clear all text elements on the screen.
3. Next change the background, then load and display the question.
4. Call the `faceOff()` function to start the timer for 10 seconds and wait for the first player to tap their button.
5. Call `faceOff()` again to give 5 seconds for player to answer. Then display the answer.
6. Prompt user to touch screen to display next question.
# PyPortal Trivia Time with the Open Trivia Database
## Build the Box
## Install arcade buttons
- First disconnect the quick connect wires from both arcade buttons.
- Grab a small - medium sized box.
- Using a ruler, draw a line approximately through the middle of the box top length-wise.
- According to the [schematic](https://www.adafruit.com/product/473) of the arcade button, the diameter of the button that we want is 29.5 cm. This smaller diameter will allow the button to snap into place and be snug against the cardboard.
- Measure two points 29.5 cm away from each other on both sides of the box.
- From the mid-point of line you just drew, draw another identical line that's perpendicular.
- Now we have 4 points on the circles, sketch in the arc to complete it. The circle does not have to be perfect!
- Now use a hobby knife to cut out the circle.
- Take an arcade button and press it in place.
- Repeat on the other side!
## Feed wires through back and connect to buttons
- Poke a hole in the back of the box with a pen or pencil.
- Feed the quick connect cables through the hole.
- Now connect the corresponding cables to the arcade buttons.
## Finishing touches
- Cut the **red** wires off of the JST connectors as we are not using them.
- Run the remaining wires around the left corner of the box and secure with some tape.
- Secure PyPortal the top of the box with some double sided tape.
Power up the PyPortal in and it's time-to-trivia!
## Going Further
How can you make this trivia game even cooler? Here are some ideas:
- Create a point system! Use the buttons to tell the PyPortal if you got the question right or not and add up points accordingly.
- Use the question difficulty element from the API to determine the amount of points for each question.
- Use the category element from the API to have different "rounds" based on category.
## Guide Products
### AdaBox011 - PyPortal
[AdaBox011 - PyPortal](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4061)
Reach out beyond your desk - to the stars and beyond - with **PyPortal**! This ADABOX features a new, easy-to-use IoT device that allows you to customize and create your very own "Internet of Things" portal. We take CircuitPython to the max, pairing a SAMD51 chip with a...
No Longer Stocked
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4061)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4061/guides)
### Adafruit PyPortal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display
[Adafruit PyPortal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4116)
**PyPortal** , our easy-to-use IoT device that allows you to create all the things for the “Internet of Things” in minutes. Make custom touch screen interface GUIs, all open-source, and Python-powered using tinyJSON / APIs to get news, stock, weather, cat photos,...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4116)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4116/guides)
### USB cable - USB A to Micro-B
[USB cable - USB A to Micro-B](https://www.adafruit.com/product/592)
This here is your standard A to micro-B USB cable, for USB 1.1 or 2.0. Perfect for connecting a PC to your Metro, Feather, Raspberry Pi or other dev-board or microcontroller
Approximately 3 feet / 1 meter long
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/592)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/592/guides)
### Arcade Button - 30mm Translucent Red
[Arcade Button - 30mm Translucent Red](https://www.adafruit.com/product/473)
A button is a button, and a switch is a switch, but these translucent arcade buttons are in a class of their own. They're the same size as common arcade controls (often referred to as 30mm diameter) but have some nice things going for them that justify the extra dollar.
First,...
Out of Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/473)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/473/guides)
### Arcade Button - 30mm Translucent Blue
[Arcade Button - 30mm Translucent Blue](https://www.adafruit.com/product/476)
A button is a button, and a switch is a switch, but these translucent arcade buttons are in a class of their own. They're the same size as common arcade controls (often referred to as 30mm diameter) but have some nice things going for them that justify the extra dollar.
First,...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/476)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/476/guides)
### Arcade Button Quick-Connect Wire Pairs - 0.11" (10 pack)
[Arcade Button Quick-Connect Wire Pairs - 0.11" (10 pack)](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1152)
Quick connector wire sets will make wiring up our arcade-style or metal buttons quicky-quick. Each wire comes as a 'pair' with two 0.11" quick-connects pre-crimped onto 20cm long wires. The wires are then terminated together in a JST 2.5mm/0.1" spaced 2-pin connector (we...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1152)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/1152/guides)
### STEMMA JST PH 2mm 3-Pin to Male Header Cable - 200mm
[STEMMA JST PH 2mm 3-Pin to Male Header Cable - 200mm](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3893)
This cable will let you turn a JST PH 3-pin cable port into 3 individual wires with high-quality 0.1" male header plugs on the end. We're carrying these to match up with our Hallowing, for extending and connecting sensors or LEDs - and the wires are even color coded!
Out of Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3893)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/3893/guides)
### Adafruit PyPortal Desktop Stand Enclosure Kit
[Adafruit PyPortal Desktop Stand Enclosure Kit](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4146)
PyPortal is our easy-to-use IoT device that allows you to create all the things for the “Internet of Things” in minutes. Create little pocket universes of joy that connect to something good.
And now that you've made a cool internet-connected project...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4146)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4146/guides)
## Related Guides
- [Adafruit PyPortal - IoT for CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-pyportal.md)
- [Perfect Pitch Machine](https://learn.adafruit.com/perfect-pitch-machine.md)
- [Adafruit STEMMA Non-Latching Mini Relay](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-stemma-non-latching-mini-relay.md)
- [PyLeap CLUE Custom Conference Badge](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyleap-clue-custom-conference-badge.md)
- [Desktop Dumpster Fire](https://learn.adafruit.com/desktop-dumpster-fire.md)
- [Leverless Controller](https://learn.adafruit.com/leverless-controller.md)
- [Circuit Playground Express Rocket Lamp](https://learn.adafruit.com/cpx-rocket-lamp.md)
- [Schluff - The Sleep Monitor](https://learn.adafruit.com/schluff-the-oshw-sleep-monitor.md)
- [PyLeap CLUE Barometer](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyleap-clue-barometer.md)
- [PyPortal IoT Plant Monitor with Google Cloud IoT Core and CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-iot-plant-monitor-with-google-cloud-iot-core-and-circuitpython.md)
- [Matrix Portal Scoreboard](https://learn.adafruit.com/matrix-portal-scoreboard.md)
- [Flashing LED Strand with MakeCode](https://learn.adafruit.com/flashing-led-strand-with-makecode.md)
- [PyPortal Roku Remote](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-roku-remote.md)
- [PyPortal Cutefuzz Image Viewer](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-cutefuzz-image-viewer.md)
- [No-Code WipperSnapper IoT Power Switch Outlet](https://learn.adafruit.com/no-code-wippersnapper-iot-power-switch-outlet.md)
- [PyPortal NASA Image of the Day Viewer](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-nasa-image-of-the-day-viewer.md)