# PyPortal Smart Thermometer with Analog Devices ADT7410, Adafruit IO and CircuitPython ## Overview ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/517/medium800thumb/temperature___humidity_ezgif.com-video-to-gif_%2813%29.jpg?1553173104) _Connected your PyPortal to the internet and want to do more with **data**?_ You'll be using the Analog Devices [ADT7410](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4089) built-into your PyPortal as a thermometer to measure the ambient temperature over I2C. But what makes this thermometer particularly  **_smart?_** You'll be sending temperature data to the internet - using _the best data service in the world_ - [Adafruit IO](http://io.adafruit.com/) - for **real-time data visualization** and **long-term data logging**.  ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/498/medium800thumb/temperature___humidity_ezgif.com-video-to-gif_%2812%29.jpg?1553108976) **Want to give your PyPortal Thermometer _more intelligence_?** set up a Action on Adafruit IO to email you if the PyPortal Thermometer dips below (or goes above!) a certain temperature threshold value. Info: ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/317/medium800/temperature___humidity_triggers_freezing.png?1552943460) We'll be using the [Analog Devices ADT7410](https://www.analog.com/en/products/adt7410.html) built into the PyPortal to measure the ambient temperature over I2C ![temperature___humidity_adafruit_io_adt.jpg](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/306/medium640/temperature___humidity_adafruit_io_adt.jpg?1552930742) You'll also be using the ambient light sensor, which points through the front of the PyPortal, to turn on the PyPortal's display. **Wave at the PyPortal to display the temperature along with the current date and time**. The date and time are obtained from Adafruit IO and are based on your PyPortal's IP address - you don't need to add an [RTC](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3013) or fiddle with time zones! ![temperature___humidity_ezgif.com-video-to-gif_(10).gif](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/482/medium640thumb/temperature___humidity_ezgif.com-video-to-gif_%2810%29.jpg?1553099130) ![temperature___humidity_circuitpython_PyPortalPinouts_LightSensorFront.jpg](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/354/medium640/temperature___humidity_circuitpython_PyPortalPinouts_LightSensorFront.jpg?1553013552) ## CircuitPython Code CircuitPython is great for building Internet-of-Things projects. Using the [Adafruit IO CircuitPython module](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_AdafruitIO), you can easily send data to Adafruit IO, receive data from Adafruit IO, and easily manipulate data with the powerful Adafruit IO API. You can rapidly update your code without having to compile and store WiFi and API secret keys on the device. This means that there's no editing code and re-uploading whenever you move the PyPortal to another network - just update a file and you're set.  ![temperature___humidity_cpy_code.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/355/medium640/temperature___humidity_cpy_code.png?1553013761) ## Prerequisite Guides If you're new to Adafruit IO or CircuitPython, take a moment to walk through the following guides to get you started and up-to-speed: - [Welcome to Adafruit IO](https://learn.adafruit.com/welcome-to-adafruit-io/) - [Welcome to CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/welcome-to-circuitpython) ## Parts You only need a PyPortal for this guide - you'll be using the temperature and light sensors included with the PyPortal. No other sensors or external circuitry required! Featured ### Adafruit PyPortal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display [Adafruit PyPortal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4116) **PyPortal** , our easy-to-use IoT device that allows you to create all the things for the “Internet of Things” in minutes. Make custom touch screen interface GUIs, all open-source, and Python-powered using tinyJSON / APIs to get news, stock, weather, cat photos,... In Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4116) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4116/guides) ![Front view of a Adafruit PyPortal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display with a pyportal logo image on the display. ](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/640x480/4116-00.jpeg) ### USB cable - USB A to Micro-B [USB cable - USB A to Micro-B](https://www.adafruit.com/product/592) This here is your standard A to micro-B USB cable, for USB 1.1 or 2.0. Perfect for connecting a PC to your Metro, Feather, Raspberry Pi or other dev-board or microcontroller Approximately 3 feet / 1 meter long Out of Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/592) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/592/guides) ![USB cable - USB A to Micro-B - 3 foot long](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/640x480/592-01.jpg) # PyPortal Smart Thermometer with Analog Devices ADT7410, Adafruit IO and CircuitPython ## Install CircuitPython [CircuitPython](https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython) is a derivative of [MicroPython](https://micropython.org) designed to simplify experimentation and education on low-cost microcontrollers. It makes it easier than ever to get prototyping by requiring no upfront desktop software downloads. Simply copy and edit files on the **CIRCUITPY**  "flash" drive to iterate. The following instructions will show you how to install CircuitPython. If you've already installed CircuitPython but are looking to update it or reinstall it, the same steps work for that as well! ## Set up CircuitPython Quick Start! Follow this quick step-by-step for super-fast Python power :) [Download the latest version of CircuitPython for the PyPortal via CircuitPython.org](https://circuitpython.org/board/pyportal/) [Download the latest version of CircuitPython for the PyPortal Pynt via CircuitPython.org](https://circuitpython.org/board/pyportal_pynt/) **Click the link above to download the latest version of CircuitPython for the PyPortal.** Download and save it to your desktop (or wherever is handy). ![circuitpython_pyportal-uf2.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/615/medium640/circuitpython_pyportal-uf2.png?1553610968) Plug your PyPortal into your computer using a known-good USB cable. **A lot of people end up using charge-only USB cables and it is very frustrating! So make sure you have a USB cable you know is good for data sync.** Double-click the **Reset** button on the top in the middle (magenta arrow) on your board, and you will see the NeoPixel RGB LED (green arrow) turn green. If it turns red, check the USB cable, try another USB port, etc.  **Note:** The little red LED next to the USB connector will pulse red. That's ok! If double-clicking doesn't work the first time, try again. Sometimes it can take a few tries to get the rhythm right! ![circuitpython_PyPortalResetNeoPIxel.jpg](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/071/993/medium640/circuitpython_PyPortalResetNeoPIxel.jpg?1551213425) You will see a new disk drive appear called **PORTALBOOT**. Drag the **adafruit-circuitpython-pyportal-\.uf2** file to **PORTALBOOT.** ![circuitpython_PyPortal_PORTALBOOT.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/072/029/medium640/circuitpython_PyPortal_PORTALBOOT.png?1551287972) ![circuitpython_PyPortal_Drag_UF2.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/072/030/medium640/circuitpython_PyPortal_Drag_UF2.png?1551287983) The LED will flash. Then, the **PORTALBOOT** drive will disappear and a new disk drive called **CIRCUITPY** will appear. If you haven't added any code to your board, the only file that will be present is **boot\_out.txt**. This is absolutely normal! It's time for you to add your **code.py** and get started! That's it, you're done! :) ![circuitpython_PyPortalCIRCUITPY.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/071/995/medium640/circuitpython_PyPortalCIRCUITPY.png?1551213875) ## PyPortal Default Files Click below to download a zip of the files that shipped on the PyPortal or PyPortal Pynt. [PyPortal Default Files](https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython-default-files/tree/main/boards/pyportal/4.x) [PyPortal Pynt Default Files](https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython-default-files/tree/main/boards/pyportal_pynt/5.x) # PyPortal Smart Thermometer with Analog Devices ADT7410, Adafruit IO and CircuitPython ## Adafruit IO Setup ## Feed Setup If you do not already have an Adafruit IO account set up, head over to [io.adafruit.com](http://io.adafruit.com/) to link your Adafruit.com account to Adafruit IO. The first step is to create a new Adafruit IO feed to hold the data from the PyPortal's temperature sensor. Navigate to the [feeds page](https://io.adafruit.com/feeds) on Adafruit IO. Then click **Actions -\> Create New Feed** , and name this feed **temperature**.  - If you do not already know how to create a feed, head over to [Adafruit IO Basics: Feeds](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-io-basics-feeds). ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/308/medium800/temperature___humidity_adafruit_io_weather_tmp_Feed.png?1552931484) ## Adafruit IO Action Setup Warning: While you can remotely monitor your PyPortal thermometer using an Adafruit IO Dashboard, if you want to be alerted of a specific high temperature reading when you're away from your keyboard. You can set up Adafruit IO Actions to monitor a feed for predefined conditions. Adafruit IO Email Triggers are a feature of Adafruit IO Plus, and require an active Adafruit IO Plus subscription. **To check if you have an Adafruit IO Plus subscription:**  [Navigate to your Adafruit IO Profile page](https://io.adafruit.com/profile) and **check your _Current Plan_**. - **Interested in upgrading to IO Plus?**  [Learn more about the upgraded, all systems go version of the Adafruit IO service here...](https://io.adafruit.com/plus) ![temperature___humidity_sensors_brubell_on_Adafruit_IO.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/310/medium640/temperature___humidity_sensors_brubell_on_Adafruit_IO.png?1552932447) Navigate to [the Adafruit IO action page](https://io.adafruit.com/actions). From the **Actions** dropdown, click **Create a New Action**. ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/311/medium800/temperature___humidity_IO_-_Triggers.png?1552934838) To set up the action, you'll need to define a condition and an action to perform when the condition occurs. **Set** the feed to _temperature_ **Define**  the trigger to fire only when the feed value is _greater than 85_. **Set** the trigger action to _email me_ ![temperature___humidity_IO_-_Triggers.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/312/medium640/temperature___humidity_IO_-_Triggers.png?1552938908) Next, you'll **set up a _second_ trigger to email you if the temperature feed dips below freezing** (in degrees Fahrenheit). **Set** the feed to _temperature_ **Define** the action to fire only when the feed value is _less than or equal to 32_. **Set** the action action to _email me_ ![temperature___humidity_triggers_freezing.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/313/medium640/temperature___humidity_triggers_freezing.png?1552939348) **Note** that 85 is a _value_ on the feed and does not include the unit - it can be 85 degrees Celsius, Fahrenheit or even Kelvin. The code in this project supports converting the raw value before sending it to Adafruit IO.  ## Build an Adafruit IO Dashboard Next, you'll create a dashboard to display the values from the feed you created. - If you do not know how to create or use Dashboards in Adafruit IO, head over to the [Adafruit IO Basics: Dashboards](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-io-basics-dashboards) guide. From your dashboard, ** select the Gauge block.** ![temperature___humidity_adafruit_io_weather_IO_-_Feather_Huzzah___ADT7410_Gauge.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/487/medium640/temperature___humidity_adafruit_io_weather_IO_-_Feather_Huzzah___ADT7410_Gauge.png?1553101770) **Select the _temperature_ feed** ![temperature___humidity_adafruit_io_weather_temperature.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/488/medium640/temperature___humidity_adafruit_io_weather_temperature.png?1553101960) In the Block Settings step, set the ** Block Title ** to **Temperature** , set the ** Gauge Min/Max Values ** to the upper and lower temperature thresholds you want to measure. You can label the gauge by setting the  **Gauge Label**  - this example assumes temperature is to be measured in Degrees C. _Uncomfortably hot or cold? _You can optionally set the gauge change color to warn you if the temperature goes above (or below) a certain value. ![temperature___humidity_adafruit_io_weather_IO_-_Feather_Huzzah___ADT7410.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/489/medium640/temperature___humidity_adafruit_io_weather_IO_-_Feather_Huzzah___ADT7410.png?1553101972) While displaying the current values of the temperature is useful, Adafruit IO stores data so you can monitor how it changes a long period of time. To do this, we'll use the  **Line Chart**  block and set it up to display the light value over a period of time. Create a new block, and link the temperature feed to the line chart block. You can configure it to show the thermostat's history from one hour to thirty days. ![temperature___humidity_IO_-_PyPortal_Logger.bmp](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/491/medium640/temperature___humidity_IO_-_PyPortal_Logger.bmp?1553102160) Your final dashboard should look like the following: ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/316/medium800/temperature___humidity_dashboard_with_adi_logo.png?1552942388) ## Obtain Adafruit IO Key You are also going to need your Adafruit IO username and secret API key. **Navigate to your profile and click the View AIO Key button** to retrieve them. Write them down in a safe place, you'll need them for the next step. ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/309/medium800thumb/temperature___humidity_weather_3d_printing_adafruit_io_username_and_password.jpg?1552931526) # PyPortal Smart Thermometer with Analog Devices ADT7410, Adafruit IO and CircuitPython ## Create Your settings.toml File CircuitPython works with WiFi-capable boards to enable you to make projects that have network connectivity. This means working with various passwords and API keys. As of [CircuitPython 8](https://circuitpython.org/downloads), there is support for a **settings.toml** file. This is a file that is stored on your **CIRCUITPY** drive, that contains all of your secret network information, such as your SSID, SSID password and any API keys for IoT services. It is designed to separate your sensitive information from your **code.py** file so you are able to share your code without sharing your credentials. CircuitPython previously used a **secrets.py** file for this purpose. The **settings.toml** file is quite similar. Warning: Your **settings.toml** file should be stored in the main directory of your **CIRCUITPY** drive. It should not be in a folder. ## CircuitPython **settings.toml** File This section will provide a couple of examples of what your **settings.toml** file should look like, specifically for CircuitPython WiFi projects in general. The most minimal **settings.toml** file must contain your WiFi SSID and password, as that is the minimum required to connect to WiFi. Copy this example, paste it into your **settings.toml** , and update: - `your_wifi_ssid` - `your_wifi_password` ```auto CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "your_wifi_ssid" CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "your_wifi_password" ``` Many CircuitPython network-connected projects on the Adafruit Learn System involve using Adafruit IO. For these projects, you must _also_ include your Adafruit IO username and key. Copy the following example, paste it into your settings.toml file, and update: - `your_wifi_ssid` - `your_wifi_password` - `your_aio_username` - `your_aio_key` ```auto CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "your_wifi_ssid" CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "your_wifi_password" ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME = "your_aio_username" ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY = "your_aio_key" ``` Some projects use different variable names for the entries in the **settings.toml** file. For example, a project might use `ADAFRUIT_AIO_ID` in the place of `ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME`. **If you run into connectivity issues, one of the first things to check is that the names in the settings.toml file match the names in the code.** Warning: Not every project uses the same variable name for each entry in the **settings.toml** file! Always verify it matches the code. ## **settings.toml** File Tips Here is an example **settings.toml** file. ```auto # Comments are supported CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "guest wifi" CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "guessable" CIRCUITPY_WEB_API_PORT = 80 CIRCUITPY_WEB_API_PASSWORD = "passw0rd" test_variable = "this is a test" thumbs_up = "\U0001f44d" ``` In a **settings.toml** file, it's important to keep these factors in mind: - Strings are wrapped in double quotes; ex: `"your-string-here"` - Integers are _ **not** _ quoted and may be written in decimal with optional sign (`+1`, `-1`, `1000`) or hexadecimal (`0xabcd`). - Floats (decimal numbers), octal (`0o567`) and binary (`0b11011`) are not supported. - Use `\u` escapes for weird characters, `\x` and `\ooo` escapes are not available in **.toml** files - Example: `\U0001f44d` for 👍 (thumbs up emoji) and `\u20ac` for € (EUR sign) - Unicode emoji, and non-ASCII characters, stand for themselves as long as you're careful to save in "UTF-8 without BOM" format     When your  **settings.toml ** file is ready, you can save it in your text editor with the **.toml**  extension. ![adafruit_products_dotToml.jpg](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/117/071/medium640/adafruit_products_dotToml.jpg?1671034293) ## Accessing Your **settings.toml** Information in **code.py** In your **code.py** file, you'll need to `import` the `os` library to access the **settings.toml** file. Your settings are accessed with the `os.getenv()` function. You'll pass your settings entry to the function to import it into the **code.py** file. ```python import os print(os.getenv("test_variable")) ``` ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/117/072/medium800/adafruit_products_tomlOutput.jpg?1671034496) In the upcoming CircuitPython WiFi examples, you'll see how the **settings.toml ** file is used for connecting to your SSID and accessing your API keys. # PyPortal Smart Thermometer with Analog Devices ADT7410, Adafruit IO and CircuitPython ## Internet Connect! # Connect to WiFi OK, now that you have your  **settings.toml** file set up - you can connect to the Internet. To do this, you need to first install a few libraries, into the lib folder on your **CIRCUITPY** drive. Then you need to update **code.py** with the example script. Thankfully, we can do this in one go. In the example below, click the **Download Project Bundle** button below to download the necessary libraries and the **code.py** file in a zip file. Extract the contents of the zip file, open the directory **examples/** and then click on the directory that matches the version of CircuitPython you're using and copy the contents of that directory to your **CIRCUITPY** drive. Your **CIRCUITPY** drive should now look similar to the following image: ![CIRCUITPY](https://adafruit.github.io/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Bundle/esp32spi_esp32spi_simpletest.py.png ) Info: Update to CircuitPython 9.2.x or later to use this example. https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_ESP32SPI/blob/main/examples/esp32spi_simpletest.py And save it to your board, with the name **code.py**. Don't forget you'll also need to create the **settings.toml** file as seen above, with your WiFi ssid and password. In a serial console, you should see something like the following. For more information about connecting with a serial console, view the guide [Connecting to the Serial Console](https://learn.adafruit.com/welcome-to-circuitpython/kattni-connecting-to-the-serial-console). ```terminal >>> import wifitest ESP32 SPI webclient test ESP32 found and in idle mode Firmware vers. 1.7.5 MAC addr: 24:C9:DC:BD:0F:3F HomeNetwork RSSI: -46 HomeNetwork RSSI: -76 Fios-12345 RSSI: -92 FiOS-AB123 RSSI: -92 NETGEAR53 RSSI: -93 Connecting to AP... Connected to HomeNetwork RSSI: -45 My IP address is 192.168.1.245 IP lookup adafruit.com: 104.20.39.240 Ping google.com: 30 ms Fetching text from http://wifitest.adafruit.com/testwifi/index.html ---------------------------------------- This is a test of Adafruit WiFi! If you can read this, its working :) ---------------------------------------- Fetching json from http://wifitest.adafruit.com/testwifi/sample.json ---------------------------------------- {'fun': True, 'company': 'Adafruit', 'founded': 2005, 'primes': [2, 3, 5], 'pi': 3.14, 'mixed': [False, None, 3, True, 2.7, 'cheese']} ---------------------------------------- Done! ``` Going over the example above, here's a breakdown of what the program is doing: - Initialize the ESP32 over SPI using the SPI port and 3 control pins: ```python esp32_cs = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_CS) esp32_ready = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_BUSY) esp32_reset = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_RESET) #... else: spi = busio.SPI(board.SCK, board.MOSI, board.MISO) esp = adafruit_esp32spi.ESP_SPIcontrol(spi, esp32_cs, esp32_ready, esp32_reset) ``` - Get the socket pool and the SSL context, and then tell the `adafruit_requests` library about them. ```python pool = adafruit_connection_manager.get_radio_socketpool(esp) ssl_context = adafruit_connection_manager.get_radio_ssl_context(esp) requests = adafruit_requests.Session(pool, ssl_context) ``` - Verify an ESP32 is found, checks the firmware and MAC address ```auto if esp.status == adafruit_esp32spi.WL_IDLE_STATUS: print("ESP32 found and in idle mode") print("Firmware vers.", esp.firmware_version) print("MAC addr:", ":".join("%02X" % byte for byte in esp.MAC_address)) ``` - Perform a scan of all access points it can see and print out the name and signal strength. ```python for ap in esp.scan_networks(): print("\t%-23s RSSI: %d" % (ap.ssid, ap.rssi)) ``` - Connect to the AP we've defined here, then print out the local IP address. Then attempt to do a domain name lookup and ping google.com to check network connectivity. (Note sometimes the ping fails or takes a while; this isn't a big deal.) ```python print("Connecting to AP...") while not esp.is_connected: try: esp.connect_AP(ssid, password) except OSError as e: print("could not connect to AP, retrying: ", e) continue print("Connected to", esp.ap_info.ssid, "\tRSSI:", esp.ap_info.rssi) print("My IP address is", esp.ipv4_address) print( "IP lookup adafruit.com: %s" % esp.pretty_ip(esp.get_host_by_name("adafruit.com")) ) ``` Now we're getting to the really interesting part of the example program. We've written a library for web fetching web data, named [adafruit\_requests](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Requests). It is a lot like the regular Python library named [requests](https://requests.readthedocs.io/en/latest/). This library allows you to send HTTP and HTTPS requests easily and provides helpful methods for parsing the response from the server. - Here is the part of the example program is fetching text data from a URL. ```python TEXT_URL = "http://wifitest.adafruit.com/testwifi/index.html" # Further up in the program # ... print("Fetching text from", TEXT_URL) r = requests.get(TEXT_URL) print('-' * 40) print(r.text) print('-' * 40) r.close() ``` - Finally, here the program is fetching some JSON data. The `adafruit_requests` library will parse the JSON into a Python dictionary whose structure is the same as the structure of the JSON. ```auto JSON_URL = "http://wifitest.adafruit.com/testwifi/sample.json" # Further up in the program # ... print("Fetching json from", JSON_URL) r = requests.get(JSON_URL) print('-' * 40) print(r.json()) print('-' * 40) r.close() ``` # Advanced Requests Usage Want to send custom HTTP headers, parse the response as raw bytes, or handle a response's http status code in your CircuitPython code? We've written an example to show advanced usage of the requests module below. To use with CircuitPython, you need to first install a few libraries, into the lib folder on your **CIRCUITPY** drive. Then you need to update **code.py** with the example script. Thankfully, we can do this in one go. In the example below, click the **Download Project Bundle** button below to download the necessary libraries and the **code.py** file in a zip file. Extract the contents of the zip file, open the directory **examples/** and then click on the directory that matches the version of CircuitPython you're using and copy the contents of that directory to your **CIRCUITPY** drive. https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Requests/blob/main/examples/esp32spi/requests_esp32spi_advanced.py Your **CIRCUITPY** drive should now look similar to the following image: ![CIRCUITPY](https://adafruit.github.io/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Bundle/requests_esp32spi_requests_esp32spi_advanced.py.png ) # WiFi Manager The way the examples above connect to WiFi works but it's a little finicky. Since WiFi is not necessarily so reliable, you may have disconnects and need to reconnect. For more advanced uses, we recommend using the `WiFiManager` class. It will wrap the connection/status/requests loop for you - reconnecting if WiFi drops, resetting the ESP32 if it gets into a bad state, etc. Here's a more advanced example that shows using the `WiFiManager` and also how to fetch the current time from a web source. https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_ESP32SPI/blob/main/examples/esp32spi_localtime.py # Further Information For more information on the basics of doing networking in CircuitPython, see this guide: ### Networking in CircuitPython [Networking in CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/networking-in-circuitpython) # PyPortal Smart Thermometer with Analog Devices ADT7410, Adafruit IO and CircuitPython ## Code PyPortal with CircuitPython If you have not yet set up a  **settings.toml** file in your **CIRCUITPY** drive and connected to the internet using it, follow the directions in the [Create Your settings.toml File](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-smart-thermometer-with-analog-devices-adt7410-adafruit-io-and-circuitpython/create-your-settings-toml-file) and [Internet Connect!](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-smart-thermometer-with-analog-devices-adt7410-adafruit-io-and-circuitpython/internet-connect) pages in this guide. You will need your _Adafruit IO username_, and _Adafruit IO key_. Head to [io.adafruit.com](https://io.adafruit.com/) and simply click the _View AIO Key_ link on the left hand side of the Adafruit IO page to get this information. Then, add them to the  **settings.toml** file: ```auto CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "your_wifi_ssid" CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "your_wifi_password" AIO_USERNAME = "your_aio_username" AIO_KEY = "your_aio_key" ``` ## Add CircuitPython Code and Project Assets In the embedded code element below, click on the  **Download Project Bundle** button, and save the .zip archive file to your computer. Then, **uncompress the .zip file** , it will unpack to a folder named  **PyPortal\_Smart\_Thermometer**. Copy the contents of the  **PyPortal\_Smart\_Thermometer** directory to your PyPortal **CIRCUITPY**  drive. Make sure to **save the fonts (Ninito-Black-17.bdf and Ninito-Light-75.bdf) into the _fonts_ folder** on the **CIRCUITPY** volume and **save pyportal\_splash.bmp into the _icons_ folder**. ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/485/medium800/temperature___humidity_Photopea___Online_Image_Editor.png?1553100934) https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/PyPortal/PyPortal_Smart_Thermometer/code.py This is what the final contents of the  **CIRCUITPY**  drive will look like: ![CIRCUITPY](https://adafruit.github.io/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/PyPortal_PyPortal_Smart_Thermometer.png ) Warning: ## Libraries Used The following libraries are used in this project. So grab them and install them into  **CIRCUITPY/lib**  now! - **adafruit\_esp32spi ** - This is the library that gives you internet access via the ESP32 using (you guessed it!) SPI transport. You need this for anything Internet - **adafruit\_requests**  - This library allows us to perform HTTP requests and get responses back from servers. GET/POST/PUT/PATCH - they're all in here! - **adafruit\_pyportal**  - This is our friendly wrapper library that does a lot of our projects, displays graphics and text, fetches data from the internet. Nearly all of our projects depend on it! - **adafruit\_touchscreen ** - a library for reading touches from the resistive touchscreen. Handles all the analog noodling, rotation and calibration for you. - **adafruit\_io**  - this library helps connect the PyPortal to our free datalogging and viewing service - **adafruit\_imageload**  - an image display helper, required for any graphics! - **adafruit\_display\_text**  - not surprisingly, it displays text on the screen - **adafruit\_bitmap\_font**  - we have fancy font support, and its easy to make new fonts. This library reads and parses font files. - **adafruit\_slideshow**  - for making image slideshows - handy for quick display of graphics and sound - **neopixel**  - for controlling the onboard neopixel - **adafruit\_adt7410**  - library to read the temperature from the on-board Analog Devices ADT7410 precision temperature sensor - **adafruit\_sdcard**  - support for reading/writing data from the onboard SD card slot. - **adafruit\_bus\_device**  - low level support for I2C/SPI ## Code Usage Your PyPortal will boot up to a splash screen displaying the PyPortal logo along with the Analog Devices and Adafruit IO logos. While the PyPortal _seems_ like it's just displaying a splash screen - it is doing a lot of work behind the scenes! The PyPortal is loads in the two fonts this project requires and sets up labels for displaying text. ![temperature___humidity_ezgif.com-video-to-gif_(11).gif](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/484/medium640thumb/temperature___humidity_ezgif.com-video-to-gif_%2811%29.jpg?1553100190) **Wave your hand in front of the PyPortal's light sensor to turn on the display's backlight!** Your PyPortal Thermometer will display the current temperature reading, pull in the date and time from Adafruit IO (based off of your IP address), and send the data to Adafruit IO. When it finishes sending data, it'll turn the display back off but continue to send data to Adafruit IO. ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/518/medium800thumb/temperature___humidity_ezgif.com-video-to-gif_%2813%29.jpg?1553173310) ### When the backlight is turned on, it produces heat. This interferes with the ADT7410's ambient temperature readings.  ## Adafruit IO Usage While the PyPortal thermostat can display its temperature along with the current date/time on its screen - what if you're physically away from the thermostat? How do we know that the temperature data is being sent from the thermostat to Adafruit IO? **Open the Adafruit IO Dashboard you created earlier.** Notice that the fill and values of the gauge changes as values are sent from your PyPortal to Adafruit IO. ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/499/medium800thumb/temperature___humidity_ezgif.com-video-to-gif_%2812%29.jpg?1553108988) Then, leave the PyPortal running for a while and come back later to see new data appear on the line graph. ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/500/medium800thumb/temperature___humidity_dash_tweak.jpg?1553108998) ## PyPortal Customization ### Displaying temperature in Fahrenheit  Live in a region where Fahrenheit is the standard? The `thermometer_helper` can handle displaying the temperature as either Fahrenheit or Celsius. **To display the temperature in Fahrenheit** , **modify the following line** in `code.py` from: `gfx = thermometer_helper.Thermometer_GFX()` to `gfx = thermometer_helper.Thermometer_GFX(celsius=False)` ### Changing fonts Want to use a different font? The fonts for this project are referenced at the top of the  **thermometer\_helper.py**  file as `info_font` and `temperature_font`.  The PyPortal reads **.BDF ** (bitmap distribution format) fonts, so you'll need to convert a font into this format, and then modify the code to use the new font. For more information about converting fonts, [read the learning guide here...](https://learn.adafruit.com/custom-fonts-for-pyportal-circuitpython-display/conversion) ## Custom Wall Mount The wall mount used in this project PyPortal was created by the Ruiz Brothers. For detailed instructions about how to print your own, [check out the learning system guide here](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-wall-mount). ![temperature___humidity_3d_printing_hero.jpg](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/073/472/medium640/temperature___humidity_3d_printing_hero.jpg?1553092256) ## Guide Products ### Adafruit PyPortal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display [Adafruit PyPortal - CircuitPython Powered Internet Display](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4116) **PyPortal** , our easy-to-use IoT device that allows you to create all the things for the “Internet of Things” in minutes. Make custom touch screen interface GUIs, all open-source, and Python-powered using tinyJSON / APIs to get news, stock, weather, cat photos,... In Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4116) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4116/guides) ### USB cable - USB A to Micro-B [USB cable - USB A to Micro-B](https://www.adafruit.com/product/592) This here is your standard A to micro-B USB cable, for USB 1.1 or 2.0. Perfect for connecting a PC to your Metro, Feather, Raspberry Pi or other dev-board or microcontroller Approximately 3 feet / 1 meter long Out of Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/592) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/592/guides) ## Related Guides - [Adafruit PyPortal - IoT for CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-pyportal.md) - [Infinity Mirror Valentine's Candy Box](https://learn.adafruit.com/infinity-mirror-candy-box.md) - [Visual Studio Code for Education... and CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/visual-studio-code-for-education-and-circuitpython.md) - [Xenomorph Halloween Candy Bucket](https://learn.adafruit.com/xenomorph-halloween-candy-bucket.md) - [Paper Airplane Launcher](https://learn.adafruit.com/paper-airplane-launcher-with-crickit.md) - [Qu'est-ce que MakeCode?](https://learn.adafruit.com/makecode-fr.md) - [PyPortal NASA Image of the Day Viewer](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-nasa-image-of-the-day-viewer.md) - [Quickstart - Raspberry Pi RP2040 with BLE and CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/quickstart-raspberry-pi-rp2040-with-ble-and-circuitpython.md) - [PyPortal Weekly Countdown Clock](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-countdown-clock.md) - [PyPortal YouTube Views and Subscribers Display](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-youtube-views-and-subscribers-display.md) - [PyPortal IoT Plant Monitor with Microsoft Azure IoT and CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/using-microsoft-azure-iot-with-circuitpython.md) - [CircuitPython Turtle Graphics](https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-turtle-graphics.md) - [PyPortal Guitar Tuner](https://learn.adafruit.com/pyportal-guitar-tuner.md) - [Crickit Powered Mini Chair Swing Ride!](https://learn.adafruit.com/mini-chair-swing-ride.md) - [CircuitPython BLE Crickit Rover](https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-ble-crickit-rover.md) - [Tiny Museum Tour Device](https://learn.adafruit.com/tiny-museum-tour-device.md)