Install CircuitPython
The Adafruit Feather M4 ships with CircuitPython but lets go ahead and update it to the latest version. It's super easy with the circuitpython.org website, just click the link below to launch the page. There you can choose to install stable release or beta.
Quick Start
- Connect board to computer via a known good USB and double press the reset button.
- Download circuitpython UF2 and upload to the FEATHERBOOT drive.
- Open CIRCUITPY drive and upload the required libraries (listed below) and code.py
Adafruit Circuit Python Libraries
Download the Circuit Python library bundle and unzip the folder. Create a new folder in the CIRCUITPY drive and name it "lib". The following libraries are required to run the code properly. Double check to ensure all of the files and folders are inside the lib folder on the CIRCUITPY drive.
- adafruit_bus_device (directory)
- adafruit_lis3dh.mpy
- neopixel.mpy
Upload code.py
Click the link below to download the project zip – This contains the code, audio and 3D files. Upload the code.py file to the CIRCUITPY drive.
Create a new folder on the CIRCUITPY drive and name it "sounds". Upload the audio files to that folder. The code will run properly when all of the files have been uploaded.
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Kattni Rembor for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
"""
Prop-Maker based Key Blade.
Adafruit invests time and resources providing this open source code.
Please support Adafruit and open source hardware by purchasing
products from Adafruit!
Written by Kattni Rembor for Adafruit Industries
Copyright (c) 2019 Adafruit Industries
Licensed under the MIT license.
All text above must be included in any redistribution.
"""
import time
import digitalio
import audioio
import audiocore
import busio
import board
import neopixel
import adafruit_lis3dh
# CUSTOMISE COLORS HERE:
COLOR = (255, 0, 0) # Default is red
ALT_COLOR = (255, 18, 0) # Default alternate is orange
# CUSTOMISE IDLE PULSE SPEED HERE: 0 is fast, above 0 slows down
IDLE_PULSE_SPEED = 0.03 # Default is 0.03 seconds
# CUSTOMISE BRIGHTNESS HERE: must be a number between 0 and 1
IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS = 0.3 # Default maximum idle pulse brightness is 30%
SWING_BRIGHTNESS = 0.4 # Default swing brightness is 40%
HIT_BRIGHTNESS = 1 # Default hit brightness is 100%
# CUSTOMISE SENSITIVITY HERE: smaller numbers = more sensitive to motion
HIT_THRESHOLD = 650
SWING_THRESHOLD = 125
# Set to the length in seconds of the "on.wav" file
POWER_ON_SOUND_DURATION = 1.7
NUM_PIXELS = 40 # Number of pixels used in project
NEOPIXEL_PIN = board.D5
POWER_PIN = board.D10
enable = digitalio.DigitalInOut(POWER_PIN)
enable.direction = digitalio.Direction.OUTPUT
enable.value = False
strip = neopixel.NeoPixel(NEOPIXEL_PIN, NUM_PIXELS, brightness=1, auto_write=False)
strip.fill(0) # NeoPixels off ASAP on startup
strip.show()
audio = audioio.AudioOut(board.A0) # Speaker
# Set up accelerometer on I2C bus, 4G range:
i2c = busio.I2C(board.SCL, board.SDA)
accel = adafruit_lis3dh.LIS3DH_I2C(i2c)
accel.range = adafruit_lis3dh.RANGE_4_G
COLOR_HIT = COLOR # "hit" color is COLOR set above
COLOR_SWING = ALT_COLOR # "swing" color is ALT_COLOR set above
def play_wav(name, loop=False):
"""
Play a WAV file in the 'sounds' directory.
:param name: partial file name string, complete name will be built around
this, e.g. passing 'foo' will play file 'sounds/foo.wav'.
:param loop: if True, sound will repeat indefinitely (until interrupted
by another sound).
"""
print("playing", name)
try:
wave_file = open('sounds/' + name + '.wav', 'rb')
wave = audiocore.WaveFile(wave_file)
audio.play(wave, loop=loop)
except: # pylint: disable=bare-except
return
def power_on(sound, duration):
"""
Animate NeoPixels with accompanying sound effect for power on.
:param sound: sound name (similar format to play_wav() above)
:param duration: estimated duration of sound, in seconds (>0.0)
"""
prev = 0
start_time = time.monotonic() # Save audio start time
play_wav(sound)
while True:
elapsed = time.monotonic() - start_time # Time spent playing sound
if elapsed > duration: # Past sound duration?
break # Stop animating
animation_time = elapsed / duration # Animation time, 0.0 to 1.0
threshold = int(NUM_PIXELS * animation_time + 0.5)
num = threshold - prev # Number of pixels to light on this pass
if num != 0:
strip[prev:threshold] = [ALT_COLOR] * num
strip.show()
prev = threshold
def mix(color_1, color_2, weight_2):
"""
Blend between two colors with a given ratio.
:param color_1: first color, as an (r,g,b) tuple
:param color_2: second color, as an (r,g,b) tuple
:param weight_2: Blend weight (ratio) of second color, 0.0 to 1.0
:return (r,g,b) tuple, blended color
"""
if weight_2 < 0.0:
weight_2 = 0.0
elif weight_2 > 1.0:
weight_2 = 1.0
weight_1 = 1.0 - weight_2
return (int(color_1[0] * weight_1 + color_2[0] * weight_2),
int(color_1[1] * weight_1 + color_2[1] * weight_2),
int(color_1[2] * weight_1 + color_2[2] * weight_2))
mode = 0 # Initial mode = OFF
# Setup idle pulse
min_idle_brightness = 0 # Minimum brightness of idle pulse
max_idle_brightness = IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS # Maximum brightness of idle pulse
idle_direction = 1 # Initial idle pulse direction
# Main loop
while True:
if mode == 0: # If currently off...
enable.value = True
power_on('on', POWER_ON_SOUND_DURATION) # Power up!
play_wav('idle', loop=True) # Play idle sound now
mode = 1 # Idle mode
# Setup for idle pulse
min_idle_brightness = 0
idle_direction = 0.01
strip.brightness = min_idle_brightness
strip.fill(COLOR)
strip.show()
elif mode >= 1: # If not OFF mode...
x, y, z = accel.acceleration # Read accelerometer
accel_total = x * x + z * z
# (Y axis isn't needed, due to the orientation that the Prop-Maker
# Wing is mounted. Also, square root isn't needed, since we're
# comparing thresholds...use squared values instead.)
if accel_total > HIT_THRESHOLD: # Large acceleration = HIT
TRIGGER_TIME = time.monotonic() # Save initial time of hit
play_wav('hit') # Start playing 'hit' sound
COLOR_ACTIVE = COLOR_HIT # Set color to fade from
strip.brightness = HIT_BRIGHTNESS # Hit flash brightness
mode = 3 # HIT mode
elif mode == 1 and accel_total > SWING_THRESHOLD: # Mild = SWING
TRIGGER_TIME = time.monotonic() # Save initial time of swing
play_wav('swing') # Start playing 'swing' sound
COLOR_ACTIVE = COLOR_SWING # Set color to fade from
mode = 2 # SWING mode
elif mode == 1:
# Idle pulse
min_idle_brightness += idle_direction # Pulse up
if min_idle_brightness >= max_idle_brightness or min_idle_brightness <= 0: # Then...
idle_direction = -idle_direction # Pulse down
strip.brightness = min_idle_brightness
strip.show()
time.sleep(IDLE_PULSE_SPEED) # Idle pulse speed set above
elif mode > 1: # If in SWING or HIT mode...
if audio.playing: # And sound currently playing...
blend = time.monotonic() - TRIGGER_TIME # Time since triggered
if mode == 2: # If SWING,
blend = abs(0.5 - blend) * 2.0 # ramp up, down
strip.brightness = SWING_BRIGHTNESS # Swing brightness
strip.fill(mix(COLOR_ACTIVE, COLOR, blend)) # Fade from hit/swing to base color
strip.show()
else: # No sound now, but still SWING or HIT modes
play_wav('idle', loop=True) # Resume idle sound
mode = 1 # Return to idle mode
Settings and Customization
If your are building the project as is, you shouldn't have to edit any of the values in the code. But, if you have a different setup, you'll want to read through the comments and make your desired changes.
- Use the
COLORandALT_COLORvariables to change the main color of the NeoPixel LEDs. - Accelerometer sensitivity can be adjusted in the
HIT_THRESHOLDandSWING_THRESHOLD. - The number of NeoPixels and data pin can be changed via
NUM_PIXELSandNEOPIXEL_PIN. - Audio is set to output via pin A0 (That's the analog pin #0 on the Feather M4 express).
Audio Files
There are 4 sound effects used in this project. Each sound can be customized and easily replaced with a different sound – Just need to make sure the format is supported.
Adafruit CircuitPython supports 16-bit, Mono, 22.050kHz .wav audio format. See this guide to help format any audio files you might want to use in this project besides the files provided.
- Power on – on.wav
- Idle looping noise – idle.wav
- Swing whoosh – swing.wav
- Crash strike – hit.wav
Sound effects were sourced from the freesound.org website.
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