Once you've finished setting up your RP2040 Prop-Maker Feather with CircuitPython, you can access the code and necessary libraries by downloading the Project Bundle.
To do this, click on the Download Project Bundle button in the window below. It will download as a zipped folder.
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Kattni Rembor for Adafruit Industries
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Limor Fried for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
"""
RP2040 Prop-Maker Feather Master Sword
Adafruit invests time and resources providing this open source code.
Please support Adafruit and open source hardware by purchasing
products from Adafruit!
Written by Kattni Rembor & Limor Fried for Adafruit Industries
Copyright (c) 2019-2020 Adafruit Industries
Licensed under the MIT license.
All text above must be included in any redistribution.
"""
import time
import random
import digitalio
import audiocore
import audiobusio
import board
import neopixel
import adafruit_lis3dh
# CUSTOMISE COLORS HERE:
COLOR = (0, 120, 120) # Default idle is light blue
ALT_COLOR = (255, 50, 0) # hit color is orange
# CUSTOMISE IDLE PULSE SPEED HERE: 0 is fast, above 0 slows down
IDLE_PULSE_SPEED = 0 # Default is 0 seconds
SWING_BLAST_SPEED = 0.0007
# CUSTOMISE BRIGHTNESS HERE: must be a number between 0 and 1
IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MIN = 0.2 # Default minimum idle pulse brightness
IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MAX = 1 # Default maximum idle pulse brightness
# CUSTOMISE SENSITIVITY HERE: smaller numbers = more sensitive to motion
HIT_THRESHOLD = 250
SWING_THRESHOLD = 150
# Set to the length in seconds of the "on.wav" file
POWER_ON_SOUND_DURATION = 1.7
NUM_PIXELS = 73 # Number of pixels used in project
NEOPIXEL_PIN = board.EXTERNAL_NEOPIXELS
enable = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.EXTERNAL_POWER)
enable.direction = digitalio.Direction.OUTPUT
enable.value = True
strip = neopixel.NeoPixel(NEOPIXEL_PIN, NUM_PIXELS, brightness=1, auto_write=False)
strip.fill(0) # NeoPixels off ASAP on startup
strip.show()
# i2s audio
audio = audiobusio.I2SOut(board.I2S_BIT_CLOCK, board.I2S_WORD_SELECT, board.I2S_DATA)
wave_file = None
# Set up accelerometer on I2C bus, 4G range:
i2c = board.I2C() # uses board.SCL and board.SDA
# i2c = board.STEMMA_I2C() # For using the built-in STEMMA QT connector on a microcontroller
accel = adafruit_lis3dh.LIS3DH_I2C(i2c)
accel.range = adafruit_lis3dh.RANGE_4_G
COLOR_IDLE = COLOR # 'idle' color is the default
COLOR_HIT = ALT_COLOR # "hit" color is ALT_COLOR set above
COLOR_SWING = ALT_COLOR # "swing" color is ALT_COLOR set above
def play_wav(name, loop=False):
"""
Play a WAV file in the 'sounds' directory.
:param name: partial file name string, complete name will be built around
this, e.g. passing 'foo' will play file 'sounds/foo.wav'.
:param loop: if True, sound will repeat indefinitely (until interrupted
by another sound).
"""
global wave_file # pylint: disable=global-statement
print("playing", name)
if wave_file:
wave_file.close()
try:
wave_file = open('sounds/' + name + '.wav', 'rb')
wave = audiocore.WaveFile(wave_file)
audio.play(wave, loop=loop)
except OSError:
pass # we'll just skip playing then
def power_on(sound, duration):
"""
Animate NeoPixels with accompanying sound effect for power on.
:param sound: sound name (similar format to play_wav() above)
:param duration: estimated duration of sound, in seconds (>0.0)
"""
prev = 0
start_time = time.monotonic() # Save audio start time
play_wav(sound)
while True:
elapsed = time.monotonic() - start_time # Time spent playing sound
if elapsed > duration: # Past sound duration?
break # Stop animating
animation_time = elapsed / duration # Animation time, 0.0 to 1.0
threshold = int(NUM_PIXELS * animation_time + 0.5)
num = threshold - prev # Number of pixels to light on this pass
if num != 0:
strip[prev:threshold] = [ALT_COLOR] * num
strip.show()
prev = threshold
def mix(color_1, color_2, weight_2):
"""
Blend between two colors with a given ratio.
:param color_1: first color, as an (r,g,b) tuple
:param color_2: second color, as an (r,g,b) tuple
:param weight_2: Blend weight (ratio) of second color, 0.0 to 1.0
:return (r,g,b) tuple, blended color
"""
if weight_2 < 0.0:
weight_2 = 0.0
elif weight_2 > 1.0:
weight_2 = 1.0
weight_1 = 1.0 - weight_2
return (int(color_1[0] * weight_1 + color_2[0] * weight_2),
int(color_1[1] * weight_1 + color_2[1] * weight_2),
int(color_1[2] * weight_1 + color_2[2] * weight_2))
# List of swing wav files without the .wav in the name for use with play_wav()
swing_sounds = [
'swing1',
'swing2',
'swing3',
'swing4',
]
# List of hit wav files without the .wav in the name for use with play_wav()
hit_sounds = [
'hit1',
'hit2',
'hit3',
'hit4',
]
mode = 0 # Initial mode = OFF
# Setup idle pulse
idle_brightness = IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MIN # current brightness of idle pulse
idle_increment = 0.01 # Initial idle pulse direction
# Main loop
while True:
if mode == 0: # If currently off...
enable.value = True
power_on('on', POWER_ON_SOUND_DURATION) # Power up!
play_wav('idle', loop=True) # Play idle sound now
mode = 1 # Idle mode
# Setup for idle pulse
idle_brightness = IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MIN
idle_increment = 0.01
strip.fill([int(c*idle_brightness) for c in COLOR])
strip.show()
elif mode >= 1: # If not OFF mode...
x, y, z = accel.acceleration # Read accelerometer
accel_total = x * x + z * z
# (Y axis isn't needed, due to the orientation that the Prop-Maker
# Wing is mounted. Also, square root isn't needed, since we're
# comparing thresholds...use squared values instead.)
if accel_total > HIT_THRESHOLD: # Large acceleration = HIT
TRIGGER_TIME = time.monotonic() # Save initial time of hit
play_wav(random.choice(hit_sounds)) # Start playing 'hit' sound
COLOR_ACTIVE = COLOR_HIT # Set color to fade from
mode = 3 # HIT mode
elif mode == 1 and accel_total > SWING_THRESHOLD: # Mild = SWING
TRIGGER_TIME = time.monotonic() # Save initial time of swing
play_wav(random.choice(swing_sounds)) # Randomly choose from available swing sounds
# make a larson scanner animation_time
strip_backup = strip[0:-1]
for p in range(-1, len(strip)):
for i in range (p-1, p+2): # shoot a 'ray' of 3 pixels
if 0 <= i < len(strip):
strip[i] = COLOR_SWING
strip.show()
time.sleep(SWING_BLAST_SPEED)
if 0 <= (p-1) < len(strip):
strip[p-1] = strip_backup[p-1] # restore previous color at the tail
strip.show()
while audio.playing:
pass # wait till we're done
mode = 2 # we'll go back to idle mode
elif mode == 1:
# Idle pulse
idle_brightness += idle_increment # Pulse up
if idle_brightness > IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MAX or \
idle_brightness < IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MIN: # Then...
idle_increment *= -1 # Pulse direction flip
strip.fill([int(c*idle_brightness) for c in COLOR_IDLE])
strip.show()
time.sleep(IDLE_PULSE_SPEED) # Idle pulse speed set above
elif mode > 1: # If in SWING or HIT mode...
if audio.playing: # And sound currently playing...
blend = time.monotonic() - TRIGGER_TIME # Time since triggered
if mode == 2: # If SWING,
blend = abs(0.5 - blend) * 2.0 # ramp up, down
strip.fill(mix(COLOR_ACTIVE, COLOR, blend)) # Fade from hit/swing to base color
strip.show()
else: # No sound now, but still SWING or HIT modes
play_wav('idle', loop=True) # Resume idle sound
mode = 1 # Return to idle mode
Upload the Code and Libraries to the RP2040 Prop-Maker Feather
After downloading the Project Bundle, plug your RP2040 Prop-Maker Feather into the computer's USB port with a known good USB data+power cable. You should see a new flash drive appear in the computer's File Explorer or Finder (depending on your operating system) called CIRCUITPY. Unzip the folder and copy the following items to the RP2040 Prop-Maker Feather's CIRCUITPY drive.
- lib folder
- sounds folder
- code.py
Your RP2040 Prop-Maker Feather CIRCUITPY drive should look like this after copying the lib folder, sounds folder and the code.py file.
How the CircuitPython Code Works
At the top of the code, you can customize a few attributes for your sword. COLOR and ALT_COLOR affect the NeoPixel color of the sword. IDLE_PULSE_SPEED and SWING_BLAST_SPEED affect the NeoPixel pulse speed. IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MIN and _MAX affect the NeoPixel brightness range. HIT_THRESHOLD and SWING_THRESHOLD affect the motion sensitivity of the sword.
# CUSTOMISE COLORS HERE: COLOR = (0, 120, 120) # Default idle is light blue ALT_COLOR = (255, 50, 0) # hit color is orange # CUSTOMISE IDLE PULSE SPEED HERE: 0 is fast, above 0 slows down IDLE_PULSE_SPEED = 0 # Default is 0 seconds SWING_BLAST_SPEED = 0.0007 # CUSTOMISE BRIGHTNESS HERE: must be a number between 0 and 1 IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MIN = 0.2 # Default minimum idle pulse brightness IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MAX = 1 # Default maximum idle pulse brightness # CUSTOMISE SENSITIVITY HERE: smaller numbers = more sensitive to motion HIT_THRESHOLD = 250 SWING_THRESHOLD = 150
NUM_PIXELS = 73 # Number of pixels used in project NEOPIXEL_PIN = board.EXTERNAL_NEOPIXELS enable = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.EXTERNAL_POWER) enable.direction = digitalio.Direction.OUTPUT enable.value = True strip = neopixel.NeoPixel(NEOPIXEL_PIN, NUM_PIXELS, brightness=1, auto_write=False) strip.fill(0) # NeoPixels off ASAP on startup strip.show() # i2s audio audio = audiobusio.I2SOut(board.I2S_BIT_CLOCK, board.I2S_WORD_SELECT, board.I2S_DATA) wave_file = None # Set up accelerometer on I2C bus, 4G range: i2c = board.I2C() # uses board.SCL and board.SDA # i2c = board.STEMMA_I2C() # For using the built-in STEMMA QT connector on a microcontroller accel = adafruit_lis3dh.LIS3DH_I2C(i2c) accel.range = adafruit_lis3dh.RANGE_4_G
Functions
There are a few functions that are used throughout the loop. play_wav() plays the sound effects that are contained in the /sounds folder.
def play_wav(name, loop=False):
"""
Play a WAV file in the 'sounds' directory.
:param name: partial file name string, complete name will be built around
this, e.g. passing 'foo' will play file 'sounds/foo.wav'.
:param loop: if True, sound will repeat indefinitely (until interrupted
by another sound).
"""
global wave_file # pylint: disable=global-statement
print("playing", name)
if wave_file:
wave_file.close()
try:
wave_file = open('sounds/' + name + '.wav', 'rb')
wave = audiocore.WaveFile(wave_file)
audio.play(wave, loop=loop)
except OSError:
pass # we'll just skip playing then
The power_on() function animates the NeoPixels and plays the sound effect when the sword powers up.
def power_on(sound, duration):
"""
Animate NeoPixels with accompanying sound effect for power on.
:param sound: sound name (similar format to play_wav() above)
:param duration: estimated duration of sound, in seconds (>0.0)
"""
prev = 0
start_time = time.monotonic() # Save audio start time
play_wav(sound)
while True:
elapsed = time.monotonic() - start_time # Time spent playing sound
if elapsed > duration: # Past sound duration?
break # Stop animating
animation_time = elapsed / duration # Animation time, 0.0 to 1.0
threshold = int(NUM_PIXELS * animation_time + 0.5)
num = threshold - prev # Number of pixels to light on this pass
if num != 0:
strip[prev:threshold] = [ALT_COLOR] * num
strip.show()
prev = threshold
The mix() function mixes the two NeoPixel colors together.
def mix(color_1, color_2, weight_2):
"""
Blend between two colors with a given ratio.
:param color_1: first color, as an (r,g,b) tuple
:param color_2: second color, as an (r,g,b) tuple
:param weight_2: Blend weight (ratio) of second color, 0.0 to 1.0
:return (r,g,b) tuple, blended color
"""
if weight_2 < 0.0:
weight_2 = 0.0
elif weight_2 > 1.0:
weight_2 = 1.0
weight_1 = 1.0 - weight_2
return (int(color_1[0] * weight_1 + color_2[0] * weight_2),
int(color_1[1] * weight_1 + color_2[1] * weight_2),
int(color_1[2] * weight_1 + color_2[2] * weight_2))
The Loop
In the main loop, the mode number determines the functionality of the sword. The first time the code runs, mode is 0. This triggers the sword to initiate the power_on function and then go into idle mode where mode is 1.
if mode == 0: # If currently off...
enable.value = True
power_on('on', POWER_ON_SOUND_DURATION) # Power up!
play_wav('idle', loop=True) # Play idle sound now
mode = 1 # Idle mode
# Setup for idle pulse
idle_brightness = IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MIN
idle_increment = 0.01
strip.fill([int(c*idle_brightness) for c in COLOR])
strip.show()
If mode is 1, then the accelerometer is read. If the accelerometer's reading is greater than the movement thresholds then the sword will either perform the hit or swing modes with light and sound effects. Otherwise, the sword remains in idle mode and the NeoPixels pulse.
elif mode >= 1: # If not OFF mode...
x, y, z = accel.acceleration # Read accelerometer
accel_total = x * x + z * z
# (Y axis isn't needed, due to the orientation that the Prop-Maker
# Wing is mounted. Also, square root isn't needed, since we're
# comparing thresholds...use squared values instead.)
if accel_total > HIT_THRESHOLD: # Large acceleration = HIT
TRIGGER_TIME = time.monotonic() # Save initial time of hit
play_wav(random.choice(hit_sounds)) # Start playing 'hit' sound
COLOR_ACTIVE = COLOR_HIT # Set color to fade from
mode = 3 # HIT mode
elif mode == 1 and accel_total > SWING_THRESHOLD: # Mild = SWING
TRIGGER_TIME = time.monotonic() # Save initial time of swing
play_wav(random.choice(swing_sounds)) # Randomly choose from available swing sounds
# make a larson scanner animation_time
strip_backup = strip[0:-1]
for p in range(-1, len(strip)):
for i in range (p-1, p+2): # shoot a 'ray' of 3 pixels
if 0 <= i < len(strip):
strip[i] = COLOR_SWING
strip.show()
time.sleep(SWING_BLAST_SPEED)
if 0 <= (p-1) < len(strip):
strip[p-1] = strip_backup[p-1] # restore previous color at the tail
strip.show()
while audio.playing:
pass # wait till we're done
mode = 2 # we'll go back to idle mode
elif mode == 1:
# Idle pulse
idle_brightness += idle_increment # Pulse up
if idle_brightness > IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MAX or \
idle_brightness < IDLE_PULSE_BRIGHTNESS_MIN: # Then...
idle_increment *= -1 # Pulse direction flip
strip.fill([int(c*idle_brightness) for c in COLOR_IDLE])
strip.show()
time.sleep(IDLE_PULSE_SPEED) # Idle pulse speed set above
elif mode > 1: # If in SWING or HIT mode...
if audio.playing: # And sound currently playing...
blend = time.monotonic() - TRIGGER_TIME # Time since triggered
if mode == 2: # If SWING,
blend = abs(0.5 - blend) * 2.0 # ramp up, down
strip.fill(mix(COLOR_ACTIVE, COLOR, blend)) # Fade from hit/swing to base color
strip.show()
else: # No sound now, but still SWING or HIT modes
play_wav('idle', loop=True) # Resume idle sound
mode = 1 # Return to idle mode
Page last edited January 21, 2025
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