Connected your PyPortal to the internet, but do you want to do more with your data?

This guide will get your PyPortal communicating with our Internet of Things service - Adafruit IO using the easy-to-use Adafruit IO CircuitPython library.

Aside from being a fantastic internet-connected display, the PyPortal includes a light sensor and a temperature sensor. Using these two sensors, we can capture and send data to the best data service in the world - Adafruit IO - for real-time data visualization and logging. 

Prerequisite Guides

If you're new to Adafruit IO or CircuitPython, take a moment to walk through the following guides to get you started and up-to-speed:

• Welcome to Adafruit IO
• Welcome to CircuitPython

Parts

You only need a PyPortal for this guide - you'll be using the temperature and light sensors included with the PyPortal. No other sensors or external circuitry required!

Materials

You'll need some extra supplies to finish this project. If you do not have them already, pick some up from Adafruit:

Feed Setup

If you do not already have an Adafruit IO account set up, head over to io.adafruit.com to link your Adafruit.com account to Adafruit IO.

The first step is to create a new Adafruit IO feed to hold the data from the PyPortal's temperature sensor. Navigate to the feeds page on Adafruit IO. Then click Feeds -> +New Feed and name this feed temperature.

• If you do not already know how to create a feed, head over to Adafruit IO Basics: Feeds.

You'll also want a second feed to store the value of the light sensor - create another feed named light.

Dashboard Setup

Next, you'll create a dashboard to display the values from the feeds you created.

• If you do not know how to create or use Dashboards in Adafruit IO, head over to the Adafruit IO Basics: Dashboards guide.

After adding the gauge element, your dashboard will look like the following:

Next, create another gauge block for the light feed:

While displaying the current values of the temperature is useful, Adafruit IO stores data so you can monitor how it changes a long period of time.

To do this, we'll use the Line Chart block - a block used to graph one or more feeds - and set it up to show both the light value and the temperature value over a long period of time.  

Your finished dashboard should look like the following:

You are also going to need your Adafruit IO username and secret API key.

Navigate to your profile and click the View AIO Key button to retrieve them. Write them down in a safe place, you'll need them for the next step.

CircuitPython Library Installation

The Adafruit_CircuitPython_AdafruitO module allows you to easily write CircuitPython code which can interact with Adafruit IO.

You'll need to install the Adafruit CircuitPython Adafruit IO and the Adafruit CircuitPython ADT7410 libraries on your PyPortal.

First make sure you are running the latest version of Adafruit CircuitPython for your board.

Next connect to the board's serial REPL so you are at the CircuitPython >>> prompt.

Once you have your CircuitPython libraries installed, let's get your PyPortal connected to Adafruit IO and the internet. To this, you'll create a settings file.

Settings File Setup

If you have not yet set up a settings.toml file in your CIRCUITPY drive and connected to the internet using it, follow this guide and come back when you've successfully connected to the internet. 

Next, you should add your Adafruit IO Username and Adafruit IO Key to the settings.toml file.

Your settings.toml file should look like this:

CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID="your-wifi-ssid"
CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD="your-wifi-password"
ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME="my_username"
ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY="my_key"
timezone="America/New_York" # http://worldtimeapi.org/timezones

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CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID="your-wifi-ssid"
CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD="your-wifi-password"
ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME="my_username"
ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY="my_key"
timezone="America/New_York" # http://worldtimeapi.org/timezones

Change my_username and my_key to your Adafruit IO username and the secret key.

After you finish editing settings.toml, make sure to save the file (cmd/ctrl+s).

Code

Using a text-editor (we like Mu since it has a built-in serial REPL), copy the code below to your CircuitPython board,and save it as code.py.

Click the Download Project Bundle button below to download a zip containing all of the required project files and libraries. Unzip it and copy the files to the CIRCUITPY drive.

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Brent Rubell for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

"""
PyPortal IOT Data Logger for Adafruit IO

Dependencies:
    * CircuitPython_ADT7410
        https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_ADT7410

    * CircuitPython_AdafruitIO
        https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_AdafruitIO
"""

from os import getenv
import time
import board
import busio
from digitalio import DigitalInOut
from analogio import AnalogIn

# ESP32 SPI
from adafruit_esp32spi import adafruit_esp32spi, adafruit_esp32spi_wifimanager

# Import NeoPixel Library
import neopixel

# Import Adafruit IO HTTP Client
from adafruit_io.adafruit_io import IO_HTTP, AdafruitIO_RequestError

# Import ADT7410 Library
import adafruit_adt7410

# Timeout between sending data to Adafruit IO, in seconds
IO_DELAY = 30

# Get WiFi details and Adafruit IO keys, ensure these are setup in settings.toml
# (visit io.adafruit.com if you need to create an account, or if you need your Adafruit IO key.)
ssid = getenv("CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID")
password = getenv("CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD")
aio_username = getenv("ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME")
aio_key = getenv("ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY")

if None in [ssid, password, aio_username, aio_key]:
    raise RuntimeError(
        "WiFi and Adafruit IO settings are kept in settings.toml, "
        "please add them there. The settings file must contain "
        "'CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID', 'CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD', "
        "'ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME' and 'ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY' at a minimum."
    )

# PyPortal ESP32 Setup
esp32_cs = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_CS)
esp32_ready = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_BUSY)
esp32_reset = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_RESET)
spi = busio.SPI(board.SCK, board.MOSI, board.MISO)
esp = adafruit_esp32spi.ESP_SPIcontrol(spi, esp32_cs, esp32_ready, esp32_reset)
status_pixel = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.NEOPIXEL, 1, brightness=0.2)
wifi = adafruit_esp32spi_wifimanager.WiFiManager(esp, ssid, password, status_pixel=status_pixel)

# Create an instance of the Adafruit IO HTTP client
io = IO_HTTP(aio_username, aio_key, wifi)

try:
    # Get the 'temperature' feed from Adafruit IO
    temperature_feed = io.get_feed('temperature')
    light_feed = io.get_feed('light')
except AdafruitIO_RequestError:
    # If no 'temperature' feed exists, create one
    temperature_feed = io.create_new_feed('temperature')
    light_feed = io.create_new_feed('light')

# Set up ADT7410 sensor
i2c_bus = busio.I2C(board.SCL, board.SDA)
adt = adafruit_adt7410.ADT7410(i2c_bus, address=0x48)
adt.high_resolution = True

# Set up an analog light sensor on the PyPortal
adc = AnalogIn(board.LIGHT)

while True:
    try:
        light_value = adc.value
        print('Light Level: ', light_value)

        temperature = adt.temperature
        print('Temperature: %0.2f C'%(temperature))

        print('Sending to Adafruit IO...')

        io.send_data(light_feed['key'], light_value)
        io.send_data(temperature_feed['key'], temperature, precision=2)
        print('Sent to Adafruit IO!')
    except (ValueError, RuntimeError, ConnectionError, OSError) as e:
        print("Failed to get data, retrying\n", e)
        wifi.reset()
        continue
    print('Delaying {0} seconds...'.format(IO_DELAY))
    time.sleep(IO_DELAY)

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# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Brent Rubell for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

"""
PyPortal IOT Data Logger for Adafruit IO

Dependencies:
    * CircuitPython_ADT7410
        https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_ADT7410

    * CircuitPython_AdafruitIO
        https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_AdafruitIO
"""

from os import getenv
import time
import board
import busio
from digitalio import DigitalInOut
from analogio import AnalogIn

# ESP32 SPI
from adafruit_esp32spi import adafruit_esp32spi, adafruit_esp32spi_wifimanager

# Import NeoPixel Library
import neopixel

# Import Adafruit IO HTTP Client
from adafruit_io.adafruit_io import IO_HTTP, AdafruitIO_RequestError

# Import ADT7410 Library
import adafruit_adt7410

# Timeout between sending data to Adafruit IO, in seconds
IO_DELAY = 30

# Get WiFi details and Adafruit IO keys, ensure these are setup in settings.toml
# (visit io.adafruit.com if you need to create an account, or if you need your Adafruit IO key.)
ssid = getenv("CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID")
password = getenv("CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD")
aio_username = getenv("ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME")
aio_key = getenv("ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY")

if None in [ssid, password, aio_username, aio_key]:
    raise RuntimeError(
        "WiFi and Adafruit IO settings are kept in settings.toml, "
        "please add them there. The settings file must contain "
        "'CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID', 'CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD', "
        "'ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME' and 'ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY' at a minimum."
    )

# PyPortal ESP32 Setup
esp32_cs = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_CS)
esp32_ready = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_BUSY)
esp32_reset = DigitalInOut(board.ESP_RESET)
spi = busio.SPI(board.SCK, board.MOSI, board.MISO)
esp = adafruit_esp32spi.ESP_SPIcontrol(spi, esp32_cs, esp32_ready, esp32_reset)
status_pixel = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.NEOPIXEL, 1, brightness=0.2)
wifi = adafruit_esp32spi_wifimanager.WiFiManager(esp, ssid, password, status_pixel=status_pixel)

# Create an instance of the Adafruit IO HTTP client
io = IO_HTTP(aio_username, aio_key, wifi)

try:
    # Get the 'temperature' feed from Adafruit IO
    temperature_feed = io.get_feed('temperature')
    light_feed = io.get_feed('light')
except AdafruitIO_RequestError:
    # If no 'temperature' feed exists, create one
    temperature_feed = io.create_new_feed('temperature')
    light_feed = io.create_new_feed('light')

# Set up ADT7410 sensor
i2c_bus = busio.I2C(board.SCL, board.SDA)
adt = adafruit_adt7410.ADT7410(i2c_bus, address=0x48)
adt.high_resolution = True

# Set up an analog light sensor on the PyPortal
adc = AnalogIn(board.LIGHT)

while True:
    try:
        light_value = adc.value
        print('Light Level: ', light_value)

        temperature = adt.temperature
        print('Temperature: %0.2f C'%(temperature))

        print('Sending to Adafruit IO...')

        io.send_data(light_feed['key'], light_value)
        io.send_data(temperature_feed['key'], temperature, precision=2)
        print('Sent to Adafruit IO!')
    except (ValueError, RuntimeError, ConnectionError, OSError) as e:
        print("Failed to get data, retrying\n", e)
        wifi.reset()
        continue
    print('Delaying {0} seconds...'.format(IO_DELAY))
    time.sleep(IO_DELAY)

Before running the code, verify CIRCUITPY looks like the following.

From the Mu Editor, click the Serial button to open the REPL. You should see the REPL displaying the temperature and light values from the PyPortal's onboard sensors, and sending the data to Adafruit IO:

Light Level:  37376
Temperature: 31.60 C
Sending to Adafruit IO...
Sent to Adafruit IO!
Delaying 30 seconds...

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Light Level:  37376
Temperature: 31.60 C
Sending to Adafruit IO...
Sent to Adafruit IO!
Delaying 30 seconds...

Open the Adafruit IO Dashboard you created earlier. Notice that the fill and values of the gauges change as values are sent from your PyPortal to Adafruit IO. 

Then, leave the PyPortal running for a while and come back later to see new data appear on the line graph.

Taking it Further

For more examples and ideas - check out the Adafruit IO category on the Adafruit Learning System.

On the CircuitPython Adafruit IO library repository, you'll find we've included lots of examples for sending data, interacting with your CircuitPython board's digital inputs and outputs, feed/group/data interaction, and more.