# HalloWing All-Seeing Skull
## Overview
https://youtu.be/MUc_liZps4o
When it comes to decoration for Halloween, or setting up an elaborate, Scooby Doo-esque plot to scare a bunch of meddling kids, it's hard to beat a creepy skull that looks at you out of one eye whenever it detects movement!
You can build this with the HalloWing and its TFT display, a lens, and a PIR sensor to determine when people are approaching, and then open up it's one good eye!
## Components
Here are the components you'll need:
### Part: Adafruit HalloWing M0 Express
quantity: 1
Skull-shaped ATSAMD21 board w 1.44" 128x128 TFT display
[Adafruit HalloWing M0 Express](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3900)
### Part: Convex Glass Lens
quantity: 1
with Edge - 40mm Diameter
[Convex Glass Lens](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3853)
### Part: Clear Acrylic Lens Holder + Hardware Kit for HalloWing
quantity: 1
The perfect kit for mounting a convex lens (glass or plastic) to your HalloWing! This holder has been laser-cut specifically for lenses with a lip-edge
[Clear Acrylic Lens Holder + Hardware Kit for HalloWing](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4013)
### Part: PIR (motion) sensor
quantity: 1
Passive Infrared detector
[PIR (motion) sensor](https://www.adafruit.com/product/189)
### Part: JST PH 3-Pin to Female Socket Cable
quantity: 1
200mm
[JST PH 3-Pin to Female Socket Cable](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3894)
### Part: 5V 2.5A Switching power supply
quantity: 1
with 20AWG MicroUSB Cable
[5V 2.5A Switching power supply](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1995)
## Optional
### Part: Lithium Ion Polymer Battery
quantity: 1
3.7v 500mAh
[Lithium Ion Polymer Battery](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1578)
Danger:
## Parts & Tools
In addition to the parts listed above, you'll also need:
- Hollow plastic decorative skull [such as this one](https://www.halloweencostumes.com/skull-with-movable-jaw.html?mpid=68970), you can find these at home stores and hardware stores, too.
- Box cutter, hobby knife, or thin-bladed saw
- Hot glue and hot melt glue gun, or double stick foam tape
- Black felt or construction paper
- Scissors
# HalloWing All-Seeing Skull
## Build the All-Seeing Skull
We'll need to cut into our skull to access the hollow insides, where we'll be placing the HalloWing, battery, PIR sensor, and the wiring.
Cutting away the eye sockets will allow the eyeball and PIR sensor to "see" what's happening.
Info:
## Cut Open the Skull
You may want to remove the jaw first if your skull has one, just to make it easier to handle.
Next, carefully use a hobby knife to cut open the back of the skull as shown.
Primary:
## Attach the Lens -- Frame Method
Use four nylon M2.5 standoffs and eight screws to connect the lens to the HalloWing as shown, using an acrylic laser cut holder. [You can use this file to laser cut your own](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-Hallowing-M0-PCB/blob/master/HalloWing%20Lens%20Holder.ai) from 2mm thick acrylic.
The lens will magnify the animation on the TFT as well as give the eye dimension when viewed at oblique angles.
## Zip Tie Method
Feed thin zip ties through the holes at the bottom of the board, and then over the lens edges and back through the holes at the top.
Secure each end on the back side with a second zip tie like a fastener.
Trim the excess.
## Cut Open the Eye Socket
Use a hobby knife to cut out the back of the skull's eye socket. Try to cut the hole about the same diameter as the lens.
You can touch up the spots where the lack of paint reveals white plastic with a marker.
Do a test fit to see that the lens will clear the hole, you can adjust if needed. It's OK if there is extra gap space, we'll hide it later with some felt or cardstock.
## Second Socket
Repeat the process for the second socket which will hold the PIR sensor. Yes, it will look like a terrible, milky white dead eye.
Again, test fit the PIR sensor in the socket and adjust if needed. Don't worry about extra gap space around the sensor, will take care of this later with some felt (or cardstock).
## PIR Sensor Prep
The PIR sensor has three connections for power and data. Plug them into the JST cable like this:
- **Red** to **+5V**
- **White** to **Data**
- **Black** to **Ground**
Later, you can adjust the sensitivity of the PIR sensor (by turning the trimpot labeled "sensitivity adjust" in the image above) up to about 20' (6 meters) to tune it to the location you deploy the All-Seeing Skull.
To learn more about PIR sensors, [take a look at our guide here](https://learn.adafruit.com/pir-passive-infrared-proximity-motion-sensor/how-pirs-work)!
Plug the PIR sensor into the SENSE port on the HalloWing. If you're using a battery you can plug that in as well.
## Custom Fit with Felt
Depending on the size and shape of the skull and socket, you may want to customize the fit a bit more. You can use some black felt or construction paper to mask some of the socket space.
Cut a small piece of black felt or cardstock to a rectangle a bit longer than the HalloWing, and roughly 3/4 of its width. This will be used to mask off the gap to one side of the socket, keeping the lens pressed against the inner socket ridge.
Mark and cut a half circle from the center of the felt, as shown, then fit the lens into it.
Mark and cut two small holes positioned over the screws and then affix the felt to the board using the screws.
## Insert Eye
Now you can insert and secure the eye lens and HalloWing in place inside the skull.
Now the felt nicely blocks the gap!
You can use a couple of dabs of hot glue on the felt and at the base of the HalloWing to secure them in place inside the skull.
## Insert PIR Sensor
You can use the same method with some felt for the PIR sensor, as shown here.
The skull assembly is complete, next we'll program the HalloWing.
# HalloWing All-Seeing Skull
## Code in Arduino
The eyeball code we'll use is from the [Electronic Animated Eyes project](https://learn.adafruit.com/animated-electronic-eyes-using-teensy-3-1), a.k.a., 'Uncanny Eyes', with a couple of small tweaks.
First, [get set up with Arduino IDE as detailed here](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-hallowing/setup).
Next, [follow these instructions](https://learn.adafruit.com/animated-electronic-eyes-using-teensy-3-1/software) on getting the proper libraries installed for the **Adafruit\_GFX** and **Adafruit\_ST7735**. Note, we aren't using the Teensy, so don't pick that board from the list. While you're in the **Arduino Library Manager** (Sketch→Include Library→Manage Libraries…): also install **Adafruit\_ZeroDMA**.
Once you've updated the board definitions as shown, you'll be able to select **Adafruit HalloWing M0 Express** as your board for compiling and uploading.
Before you continue, make sure you can plug in your HalloWing over USB and upload the Blink sketch found in Arduino IDE menu **Examples \> 01.Basics \> Blink**
If everything is set up properly, the HalloWing should now be blinking the onboard LED every second.
## All-Seeing Skull Sketch
The code used on the HalloWing for the All-Seeing Skull along with the graphics is [in the Adafruit GitHub repository](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/tree/master/All_Seeing_Skull).
[Go to the Adafruit GitHub Repository for this Project](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/tree/master/All_Seeing_Skull)
Inside that folder, find the **All\_Seeing\_Skull** folder and move them into your Arduino sketch directory.
Inside of Arduino IDE, open up the **All\_Seeing\_Skull.ino** sketch.
Upload the sketch to your HalloWing and you will see the eye open and look around! After a few seconds, if the PIR sensor doesn't detect movement, the eye will close. If you (or any largish, warmblooded creature) move a slight amount, the sensor will trigger again.
Also note, the pupil will dilate or contract depending on how much light it detects. The sensor for this is on the HalloWing, but will still react, even inside the skull, to changes in ambient light. Especially effective if someone shines a flashlight on the All-Seeing Skull!
https://youtu.be/StQv1js1riE
## Configuration
A few small changes have been made to the code based on the original Uncanny Eyes project to accommodate the HalloWing and lens being inside the skull's eye socket.
The full range of motion for the original eye was a bit large and would cause the eye to look inside the socket and disappear from view a bit (this may be the effect you want!) so, in the **config.h** file that accompanies the Arduino sketch, we made these additions:
```auto
//Adjust these offsets and ranges if inside a mask or skull eye socket
#define eyeXOffset -150 // aim offset on x for autonomous move, default 0
#define eyeYOffset 300 // aim offset on y, default 0
#define eyeXRange 300 // Range of motion on x, full range is 1023
#define eyeYRange 300 // Range of motion on y, full range is 1023
```
Here, you can tune the left-right (x axis) with `eyeXRange` and up-down (y axis) range with `eyeYRange`. The defaults are 1024, I have restricted them to a smaller 300, but feel free to play around with these values and re-upload the code to your HalloWing to test.
Additionally, the point of interest for the eye's "center" of focus can be offset with `eyeXOffset` and `eyeYOffset`. You can use this to hint the eye gaze center point up or down if the skull is mounted low or high, and toward a cross-eyed or wall-eyed position depending on skull orientation. The defaults are 0 for both.
## Customization
You can [refer to this page](https://learn.adafruit.com/animated-electronic-eyes-using-teensy-3-1/software#changing-appearance-wiring-and-inputs-4-14) if you want to pick one of the other pre-made looks for the eye. If you want to create your own graphics, [this is the page you're looking for](https://learn.adafruit.com/animated-electronic-eyes-using-teensy-3-1/customizing).
# HalloWing All-Seeing Skull
## Deploy the Skull
https://youtu.be/018Q7Q5SUWM
You can leave the skull as is, plug the USB power cable in and hang it on your front door for a creepy night of fun with your trick-or-treaters!
Or, tape the back of the skull into place and set your All-Seeing Skull on your bookshelf to keep watch over guests and pets...
## Featured Products
### Adafruit HalloWing M0 Express
[Adafruit HalloWing M0 Express](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3900)
[This is Hallowing..this is Hallowing... Hallowing! Hallowing! ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kGiYxCUAhks&t=39s)
Are you the kind of person who doesn't like taking down the skeletons and spiders until after January? Well, we've got the development board for...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3900)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/3900/guides)
### AdaBox009 - HalloWing
[AdaBox009 - HalloWing](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3956)
Are you the kind of person who doesn't like taking down the skeletons and spiders until after January? Well, we've got the ADABOX for you. This is electronics at its _most spooky!_ ADABOX 009 is Halloween themed, for all of us who love scares, costumes, and (of...
No Longer Stocked
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3956)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/3956/guides)
### Convex Glass Lens with Edge - 40mm Diameter
[Convex Glass Lens with Edge - 40mm Diameter](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3853)
The eyes have it! Add this little lens to make a big expression with our Spooky Eyes demo for microcontrollers or Raspberry Pi. These are gorgeous glass (_not plastic/acrylic!_) lenses, with brilliant clarity and a nice convexity (is that a word?) They've even got a lip-edge so you...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3853)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/3853/guides)
### Clear Acrylic Lens Holder + Hardware Kit for HalloWing
[Clear Acrylic Lens Holder + Hardware Kit for HalloWing](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4013)
Here is the perfect kit for mounting a [convex lens](https://www.adafruit.com/?q=convex%20lens%20edge) (glass _or_ plastic) to your [HalloWing](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3900)! This holder has been laser-cut specifically for lenses with a lip-edge, so we...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4013)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4013/guides)
### PIR (motion) sensor
[PIR (motion) sensor](https://www.adafruit.com/product/189)
PIR sensors are used to detect motion from pets/humanoids from about 20 feet away (possibly works on zombies, not guaranteed). This one has an adjustable delay before firing (approx 2-4 seconds), adjustable sensitivity **and** we include a 1 foot (30 cm) cable with a socket so you...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/189)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/189/guides)
### STEMMA JST PH 2mm 3-Pin to Female Socket Cable - 200mm
[STEMMA JST PH 2mm 3-Pin to Female Socket Cable - 200mm](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3894)
This cable will let you turn a JST PH 3-pin cable port into 3 individual wires with high-quality 0.1" female header sockets on the end. We're carrying these to match up with our Hallowing, for extending and connecting sensors or LEDs - and the wires are even color coded!
Out of Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3894)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/3894/guides)
### 5V 2.5A Switching Power Supply with 20AWG MicroUSB Cable
[5V 2.5A Switching Power Supply with 20AWG MicroUSB Cable](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1995)
Our all-in-one 5V 2.5 Amp + MicroUSB cable power adapter is the perfect choice for powering single-board computers like Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone, or anything else that's power-hungry!
This adapter was specifically designed to provide 5.25V, not 5V, but we still call it a 5V USB...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1995)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/1995/guides)
### Lithium Ion Polymer Battery - 3.7v 500mAh
[Lithium Ion Polymer Battery - 3.7v 500mAh](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1578)
Lithium-ion polymer (also known as 'lipo' or 'lipoly') batteries are thin, light, and powerful. The output ranges from 4.2V when completely charged to 3.7V. This battery has a capacity of 500mAh for a total of about 1.9 Wh. If you need a larger (or smaller!) battery,
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1578)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/1578/guides)
## Related Guides
- [PIR Motion Sensor](https://learn.adafruit.com/pir-passive-infrared-proximity-motion-sensor.md)
- [Adafruit Hallowing M0](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-hallowing.md)
- [Hallowing M0 Spirit Board](https://learn.adafruit.com/hallowing-spirit-board.md)
- [Tiny Museum Tour Device](https://learn.adafruit.com/tiny-museum-tour-device.md)
- [Milk Jug Glow Skull](https://learn.adafruit.com/milk-jug-glow-skull.md)
- [Adafruit Hallowing M4](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-hallowing-m4.md)
- [HalloWing Light Paintstick](https://learn.adafruit.com/hallowing-light-paintstick.md)
- [Last-Minute Halloween Accoutrements with HalloWing](https://learn.adafruit.com/last-minute-halloween-accoutrements-with-hallowing.md)
- [HalloWing Macintosh](https://learn.adafruit.com/hallowing-mac.md)
- [Creating Custom Symbol Fonts for Adafruit GFX Library](https://learn.adafruit.com/creating-custom-symbol-font-for-adafruit-gfx-library.md)
- [HalloWing Magic 9 Ball](https://learn.adafruit.com/hallowing-magic-9-ball.md)
- [HalloWing Badge Image Viewer](https://learn.adafruit.com/hallowing-badge.md)
- [HalloWing Googly Eye](https://learn.adafruit.com/hallowing-googly-eye.md)
- [HalloWing Interactive Cat Toy](https://learn.adafruit.com/hallowing-cat-toy.md)
- [HalloWing M4 Animated Eye Candy Bowl](https://learn.adafruit.com/hallowing-m4-candy-bowl.md)
- [HalloWing Case](https://learn.adafruit.com/hallowing-case.md)
- [Hocus Pocus Book - Hallowing Eye](https://learn.adafruit.com/hocus-pocus-book-eye.md)