Arduino Setup

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If you don't have it already, you will need the Arduino IDE installed on your computer to upload this sketch to the Metro M4 Express AirLift. You will find information on installing Arduino in this learning guide. You will also need to configure the Metro M4 Express AirLift board to work with the Arduino IDE. There is a great article on setting up this board with Arduino and other environments in the Adafruit Learning Guides site.

Installing The Libraries

For this sketch, you will need to install these libraries:

  • Adafruit EPD (ePaper display) library
  • Adafruit GFX library
  • Adafruit BusIO
  • Adafruit NeoPixel library
  • Arduino JSON library
  • Adafruit variant of the WiFiNINA library

These libraries should be in the Arduino Library Manager in the latest Arduino IDE (1.8.7 and above).

Open up the Arduino library manager:

wireless_library_manager_menu.png

Search for the Adafruit EPD library and install it

wireless_epd.png

Search for the Adafruit GFX library and install it

wireless_gfx.png

If using an earlier version of the Arduino IDE (prior to 1.8.10), also locate and install Adafruit_BusIO (newer versions will install this dependency automatically).

Search for the Adafruit NeoPixel library and install it

wireless_neopixel.png

Search for the ArduinoJSON library and install it

wireless_json.png

You'll have to install WiFiNina manually with the link below

Signup For An OpenWeatherMap API key

You will need an API key from OpenWeatherMap in order to download weather data from their site.  You can signup for free at OpenWeatherMap.org . A free account allows access to the current weather and 5 day / 3 hour weather API's.

Download the Code and Modify The secrets.h File

The download is available on GitHub. It contains code and font files for the weather and moon phase icons.

The secrets.h must be modified to include your WiFi settings, your OpenWeatherMap API key, and the city where you want the weather data. You may need to include your 2 letter country code if your city name occurs in more than one country, like Venice, Italy and Venice, Florida. So, for example, Venice, Florida would be entered as "Venice, US".

Other options available in this file include the choice of metric or English units for temperature and the language for the weather descriptions.

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// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Dan Cogliano for Adafruit Industries
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

#pragma once

// secrets.h
// Define your WIFI and OpenWeatherMap API key and location in this file

#define WIFI_SSID "{wifi ssid}"
#define WIFI_PASSWORD "{wifi password}"

#define OWM_KEY "{OpenWeatherMap.com key}"
#define OWM_LOCATION "Your City"
//example
//#define OWM_LOCATION "New York,US"

// update the weather at this interval, in minutes
#define UPDATE_INTERVAL 15

// Set to true to show temperatures in Celsius, false for Fahrenheit
#define OWM_METRIC false

// temperature will display in red at or above this temperature
// set to a high number (i.e. >200) to not show temperatures in red
#define METRIC_HOT  32
#define ENGLISH_HOT  90

/*
Arabic - ar, Bulgarian - bg, Catalan - ca, Czech - cz, German - de, Greek - el,
English - en, Persian (Farsi) - fa, Finnish - fi, French - fr, Galician - gl,
Croatian - hr, Hungarian - hu, Italian - it, Japanese - ja, Korean - kr,
Latvian - la, Lithuanian - lt, Macedonian - mk, Dutch - nl, Polish - pl,
Portuguese - pt, Romanian - ro, Russian - ru, Swedish - se, Slovak - sk,
Slovenian - sl, Spanish - es, Turkish - tr, Ukrainian - ua, Vietnamese - vi,
Chinese Simplified - zh_cn, Chinese Traditional - zh_tw.
*/
#define OWM_LANGUAGE "en"
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// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Dan Cogliano for Adafruit Industries
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

#include <time.h>
#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>    // Core graphics library
#include <Adafruit_ThinkInk.h>
#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>        //https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson
#include <SPI.h>
#include <WiFiNINA.h>

#include "secrets.h"
#include "OpenWeatherMap.h"

#include "Fonts/meteocons48pt7b.h"
#include "Fonts/meteocons24pt7b.h"
#include "Fonts/meteocons20pt7b.h"
#include "Fonts/meteocons16pt7b.h"

#include "Fonts/moon_phases20pt7b.h"
#include "Fonts/moon_phases36pt7b.h"

#include <Fonts/FreeSans9pt7b.h>
#include <Fonts/FreeSans12pt7b.h>
#include <Fonts/FreeSans18pt7b.h>
#include <Fonts/FreeSansBold12pt7b.h>
#include <Fonts/FreeSansBold24pt7b.h>

#define SRAM_CS     8
#define EPD_CS      10
#define EPD_DC      9  
#define EPD_RESET -1
#define EPD_BUSY -1

#define NEOPIXELPIN   40

// This is for the 2.7" tricolor EPD
ThinkInk_270_Tricolor_C44 gfx(EPD_DC, EPD_RESET, EPD_CS, SRAM_CS, EPD_BUSY);

AirliftOpenWeatherMap owclient(&Serial);
OpenWeatherMapCurrentData owcdata;
OpenWeatherMapForecastData owfdata[3];

Adafruit_NeoPixel neopixel = Adafruit_NeoPixel(1, NEOPIXELPIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800);

  const char *moonphasenames[29] = {
    "New Moon",
    "Waxing Crescent",
    "Waxing Crescent",
    "Waxing Crescent",
    "Waxing Crescent",
    "Waxing Crescent",
    "Waxing Crescent",
    "Quarter",
    "Waxing Gibbous",
    "Waxing Gibbous",
    "Waxing Gibbous",
    "Waxing Gibbous",
    "Waxing Gibbous",
    "Waxing Gibbous",
    "Full Moon",
    "Waning Gibbous",
    "Waning Gibbous",
    "Waning Gibbous",
    "Waning Gibbous",
    "Waning Gibbous",
    "Waning Gibbous",
    "Last Quarter",
    "Waning Crescent",
    "Waning Crescent",
    "Waning Crescent",
    "Waning Crescent",
    "Waning Crescent",
    "Waning Crescent",
    "Waning Crescent"
};

int8_t readButtons(void) {
  uint16_t reading = analogRead(A3);
  //Serial.println(reading);

  if (reading > 600) {
    return 0; // no buttons pressed
  }
  if (reading > 400) {
    return 4; // button D pressed
  }
  if (reading > 250) {
    return 3; // button C pressed
  }
  if (reading > 125) {
    return 2; // button B pressed
  }
  return 1; // Button A pressed
}

bool wifi_connect(){
  
  Serial.print("Connecting to WiFi... ");

  WiFi.setPins(SPIWIFI_SS, SPIWIFI_ACK, ESP32_RESETN, ESP32_GPIO0, &SPIWIFI);

  // check for the WiFi module:
  if(WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    displayError("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    while(true);
  }

  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  if (fv < "1.0.0") {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
  }

  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 0, 255));
  neopixel.show(); 
  if(WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD) == WL_CONNECT_FAILED)
  {
    Serial.println("WiFi connection failed!");
    displayError("WiFi connection failed!");
    return false;
  }

  int wifitimeout = 15;
  int wifistatus; 
  while ((wifistatus = WiFi.status()) != WL_CONNECTED && wifitimeout > 0) {
    delay(1000);
    Serial.print(".");
    wifitimeout--;
  }
  if(wifitimeout == 0)
  {
    Serial.println("WiFi connection timeout with error " + String(wifistatus));
    displayError("WiFi connection timeout with error " + String(wifistatus));
    neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 0, 0));
    neopixel.show(); 
    return false;
  }
  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 0, 0));
  neopixel.show(); 
  Serial.println("Connected");
  return true;
}

void wget(String &url, int port, char *buff)
{
  int pos1 = url.indexOf("/",0);
  int pos2 = url.indexOf("/",8);
  String host = url.substring(pos1+2,pos2);
  String path = url.substring(pos2);
  Serial.println("to wget(" + host + "," + path + "," + port + ")");
  wget(host, path, port, buff);
}

void wget(String &host, String &path, int port, char *buff)
{
  //WiFiSSLClient client;
  WiFiClient client;

  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 0, 255));
  neopixel.show();
  client.stop();
  if (client.connect(host.c_str(), port)) {
    Serial.println("connected to server");
    // Make a HTTP request:
    client.println(String("GET ") + path + String(" HTTP/1.0"));
    client.println("Host: " + host);
    client.println("Connection: close");
    client.println();

    uint32_t bytes = 0;
    int capturepos = 0;
    bool capture = false;
    int linelength = 0;
    char lastc = '\0';
    while(true) 
    {
      while (client.available()) {
        char c = client.read();
        //Serial.print(c);
        if((c == '\n') && (lastc == '\r'))
        {
          if(linelength == 0)
          {
            capture = true;
          }
          linelength = 0;
        }
        else if(capture)
        {
          buff[capturepos++] = c;
          //Serial.write(c);
        }
        else
        {
          if((c != '\n') && (c != '\r'))
            linelength++;
        }
        lastc = c;
        bytes++;
      }
    
      // if the server's disconnected, stop the client:
      if (!client.connected()) {
        //Serial.println();
        Serial.println("disconnecting from server.");
        client.stop();
        buff[capturepos] = '\0';
        Serial.println("captured " + String(capturepos) + " bytes");
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("problem connecting to " + host + ":" + String(port));
    buff[0] = '\0';
  }
  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 0, 0));
  neopixel.show(); 
}

int getStringLength(String s)
{
  int16_t  x = 0, y = 0;
  uint16_t w, h;
  gfx.getTextBounds(s, 0, 0, &x, &y, &w, &h);
  return w + x;
}

/*
return value is percent of moon cycle ( from 0.0 to 0.999999), i.e.:

0.0: New Moon
0.125: Waxing Crescent Moon
0.25: Quarter Moon
0.375: Waxing Gibbous Moon
0.5: Full Moon
0.625: Waning Gibbous Moon
0.75: Last Quarter Moon
0.875: Waning Crescent Moon

*/
float getMoonPhase(time_t tdate)
{

  time_t newmoonref = 1263539460; //known new moon date (2010-01-15 07:11)
  // moon phase is 29.5305882 days, which is 2551442.82048 seconds
  float phase = abs( tdate - newmoonref) / (double)2551442.82048;
  phase -= (int)phase; // leave only the remainder
  if(newmoonref > tdate)
  phase = 1 - phase;
  return phase;
}

void displayError(String str)
{
    // show error on display
    neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(255, 0, 0));
    neopixel.show(); 

    Serial.println(str);

    gfx.setTextColor(EPD_BLACK);
    gfx.powerUp();
    gfx.clearBuffer();
    gfx.setTextWrap(true);
    gfx.setCursor(10,60);
    gfx.setFont(&FreeSans12pt7b);
    gfx.print(str);
    gfx.display();
    neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 0, 0));
    neopixel.show();
}

void displayHeading(OpenWeatherMapCurrentData &owcdata)
{

  time_t local = owcdata.observationTime + owcdata.timezone;
  struct tm *timeinfo = gmtime(&local);
  char datestr[80];
  // date
  //strftime(datestr,80,"%a, %d %b %Y",timeinfo);
  strftime(datestr,80,"%a, %b %d",timeinfo);
  gfx.setFont(&FreeSans18pt7b);
  gfx.setCursor((gfx.width()-getStringLength(datestr))/2,30);
  gfx.print(datestr);
  
  // city
  strftime(datestr,80,"%A",timeinfo);
  gfx.setFont(&FreeSansBold12pt7b);
  gfx.setCursor((gfx.width()-getStringLength(owcdata.cityName))/2,60);
  gfx.print(owcdata.cityName);
}

void displayForecastDays(OpenWeatherMapCurrentData &owcdata, OpenWeatherMapForecastData owfdata[], int count = 3)
{
  for(int i=0; i < count; i++)
  {
    // day

    time_t local = owfdata[i].observationTime + owcdata.timezone;
    struct tm *timeinfo = gmtime(&local);
    char strbuff[80];
    strftime(strbuff,80,"%I",timeinfo);
    String datestr = String(atoi(strbuff));
    strftime(strbuff,80,"%p",timeinfo);
    // convert AM/PM to lowercase
    strbuff[0] = tolower(strbuff[0]);
    strbuff[1] = tolower(strbuff[1]);
    datestr = datestr + " " + String(strbuff);
    gfx.setFont(&FreeSans9pt7b);
    gfx.setCursor(i*gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(datestr))/2,94);
    gfx.print(datestr);
    
    // weather icon
    String wicon = owclient.getMeteoconIcon(owfdata[i].icon);
    gfx.setFont(&meteocons20pt7b);
    gfx.setCursor(i*gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(wicon))/2,134);
    gfx.print(wicon);
  
    // weather main description
    gfx.setFont(&FreeSans9pt7b);
    gfx.setCursor(i*gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(owfdata[i].main))/2,154);
    gfx.print(owfdata[i].main);

    // temperature
    int itemp = (int)(owfdata[i].temp + .5);
    int color = EPD_BLACK;
    if((OWM_METRIC && itemp >= METRIC_HOT)|| (!OWM_METRIC && itemp >= ENGLISH_HOT))
      color = EPD_RED;
    gfx.setTextColor(color);
    gfx.setFont(&FreeSans9pt7b);
    gfx.setCursor(i*gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(String(itemp)))/2,172);
    gfx.print(itemp);
    gfx.drawCircle(i*gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(String(itemp)))/2 + getStringLength(String(itemp)) + 6,163,3,color);
    gfx.drawCircle(i*gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(String(itemp)))/2 + getStringLength(String(itemp)) + 6,163,2,color); 
    gfx.setTextColor(EPD_BLACK);   
  }  
}

void displayForecast(OpenWeatherMapCurrentData &owcdata, OpenWeatherMapForecastData owfdata[], int count = 3)
{
  gfx.powerUp();
  gfx.clearBuffer();
  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 255, 0));
  neopixel.show();  

  gfx.setTextColor(EPD_BLACK);
  displayHeading(owcdata);

  displayForecastDays(owcdata, owfdata, count);
  gfx.display();
  gfx.powerDown();
  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 0, 0));
  neopixel.show(); 
}

void displayAllWeather(OpenWeatherMapCurrentData &owcdata, OpenWeatherMapForecastData owfdata[], int count = 3)
{
  gfx.powerUp();
  gfx.clearBuffer();
  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 255, 0));
  neopixel.show();  

  gfx.setTextColor(EPD_BLACK);

  // date string
  time_t local = owcdata.observationTime + owcdata.timezone;
  struct tm *timeinfo = gmtime(&local);
  char datestr[80];
  // date
  //strftime(datestr,80,"%a, %d %b %Y",timeinfo);
  strftime(datestr,80,"%a, %b %d %Y",timeinfo);
  gfx.setFont(&FreeSans9pt7b);
  gfx.setCursor((gfx.width()-getStringLength(datestr))/2,14);
  gfx.print(datestr);
  
  // weather icon
  String wicon = owclient.getMeteoconIcon(owcdata.icon);
  gfx.setFont(&meteocons24pt7b);
  gfx.setCursor((gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(wicon))/2,56);
  gfx.print(wicon);

  // weather main description
  gfx.setFont(&FreeSans9pt7b);
  gfx.setCursor((gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(owcdata.main))/2,72);
  gfx.print(owcdata.main);

  // temperature
  gfx.setFont(&FreeSansBold24pt7b);
  int itemp = owcdata.temp + .5;
  int color = EPD_BLACK;
  if((OWM_METRIC && (int)itemp >= METRIC_HOT)|| (!OWM_METRIC && (int)itemp >= ENGLISH_HOT))
    color = EPD_RED;
  gfx.setTextColor(color);
  gfx.setCursor(gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(String(itemp)))/2,58);
  gfx.print(itemp);
  gfx.setTextColor(EPD_BLACK);

  // draw temperature degree as a circle (not available as font character
  gfx.drawCircle(gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3 + getStringLength(String(itemp)))/2 + 8, 58-30,4,color);
  gfx.drawCircle(gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3 + getStringLength(String(itemp)))/2 + 8, 58-30,3,color);

  // draw moon
  // draw Moon Phase
  float moonphase = getMoonPhase(owcdata.observationTime);
  int moonage = 29.5305882 * moonphase;
  //Serial.println("moon age: " + String(moonage));
  // convert to appropriate icon
  String moonstr = String((char)((int)'A' + (int)(moonage*25./30)));
  gfx.setFont(&moon_phases20pt7b);
  // font lines look a little thin at this size, drawing it a few times to thicken the lines
  gfx.setCursor(2*gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(moonstr))/2,56);
  gfx.print(moonstr);  
  gfx.setCursor(2*gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(moonstr))/2+1,56);
  gfx.print(moonstr);  
  gfx.setCursor(2*gfx.width()/3 + (gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(moonstr))/2,56-1);
  gfx.print(moonstr);  

  // draw moon phase name
  int currentphase = moonphase * 28. + .5;
  gfx.setFont(); // system font (smallest available)
  gfx.setCursor(2*gfx.width()/3 + max(0,(gfx.width()/3 - getStringLength(moonphasenames[currentphase]))/2),62);
  gfx.print(moonphasenames[currentphase]);


  displayForecastDays(owcdata, owfdata, count);
  gfx.display();
  gfx.powerDown();
  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 0, 0));
  neopixel.show(); 
  
}

void displayCurrentConditions(OpenWeatherMapCurrentData &owcdata)
{
  gfx.powerUp();
  gfx.clearBuffer();
  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 255, 0));
  neopixel.show();  

  gfx.setTextColor(EPD_BLACK);
  displayHeading(owcdata);

  // weather icon
  String wicon = owclient.getMeteoconIcon(owcdata.icon);
  gfx.setFont(&meteocons48pt7b);
  gfx.setCursor((gfx.width()/2-getStringLength(wicon))/2,156);
  gfx.print(wicon);

  // weather main description
  gfx.setFont(&FreeSans9pt7b);
  gfx.setCursor(gfx.width()/2 + (gfx.width()/2-getStringLength(owcdata.main))/2,160);
  gfx.print(owcdata.main);

  // temperature
  gfx.setFont(&FreeSansBold24pt7b);
  int itemp = owcdata.temp + .5;
  int color = EPD_BLACK;
  if((OWM_METRIC && (int)itemp >= METRIC_HOT)|| (!OWM_METRIC && (int)itemp >= ENGLISH_HOT))
    color = EPD_RED;
  gfx.setTextColor(color);
  gfx.setCursor(gfx.width()/2 + (gfx.width()/2-getStringLength(String(itemp)))/2,130);
  gfx.print(itemp);
  gfx.setTextColor(EPD_BLACK);
  
  // draw temperature degree as a circle (not available as font character
  gfx.drawCircle(gfx.width()/2 + (gfx.width()/2 + getStringLength(String(itemp)))/2 + 10, 130-26,4,color);
  gfx.drawCircle(gfx.width()/2 + (gfx.width()/2 + getStringLength(String(itemp)))/2 + 10, 130-26,3,color);
  
  gfx.display();
  gfx.powerDown();
  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 0, 0));
  neopixel.show(); 
}

void displaySunMoon(OpenWeatherMapCurrentData &owcdata)
{
  
  gfx.powerUp();
  gfx.clearBuffer();
  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 255, 0));
  neopixel.show();  

  gfx.setTextColor(EPD_BLACK);
  displayHeading(owcdata);

  // draw Moon Phase
  float moonphase = getMoonPhase(owcdata.observationTime);
  int moonage = 29.5305882 * moonphase;
  // convert to appropriate icon
  String moonstr = String((char)((int)'A' + (int)(moonage*25./30)));
  gfx.setFont(&moon_phases36pt7b);
  gfx.setCursor((gfx.width()/3-getStringLength(moonstr))/2,140);
  gfx.print(moonstr);

  // draw moon phase name
  int currentphase = moonphase * 28. + .5;
  gfx.setFont(&FreeSans9pt7b);
  gfx.setCursor(gfx.width()/3 + max(0,(gfx.width()*2/3 - getStringLength(moonphasenames[currentphase]))/2),110);
  gfx.print(moonphasenames[currentphase]);

  // draw sunrise/sunset

  // sunrise/sunset times
  // sunrise

  time_t local = owcdata.sunrise + owcdata.timezone + 30;  // round to nearest minute
  struct tm *timeinfo = gmtime(&local);
  char strbuff[80];
  strftime(strbuff,80,"%I",timeinfo);
  String datestr = String(atoi(strbuff));
  strftime(strbuff,80,":%M %p",timeinfo);
  datestr = datestr + String(strbuff) + " - ";
  // sunset
  local = owcdata.sunset + owcdata.timezone + 30; // round to nearest minute
  timeinfo = gmtime(&local);
  strftime(strbuff,80,"%I",timeinfo);
  datestr = datestr + String(atoi(strbuff));
  strftime(strbuff,80,":%M %p",timeinfo);
  datestr = datestr + String(strbuff);

  gfx.setFont(&FreeSans9pt7b);
  int datestrlen = getStringLength(datestr);
  int xpos = (gfx.width() - datestrlen)/2;
  gfx.setCursor(xpos,166);
  gfx.print(datestr);

  // draw sunrise icon
  // sun icon is "B"
  String wicon = "B";
  gfx.setFont(&meteocons16pt7b);
  gfx.setCursor(xpos - getStringLength(wicon) - 12,174);
  gfx.print(wicon);

  // draw sunset icon
  // sunset icon is "A"
  wicon = "A";
  gfx.setCursor(xpos + datestrlen + 12,174);
  gfx.print(wicon);

  gfx.display();
  gfx.powerDown();
  neopixel.setPixelColor(0, neopixel.Color(0, 0, 0));
  neopixel.show(); 
}

void setup() {
  neopixel.begin();
  neopixel.show();
  
  gfx.begin();
  Serial.println("ePaper display initialized");
  gfx.setRotation(2);
  gfx.setTextWrap(false);

}

void loop() {
  char data[4000];
  static uint32_t timer = millis();
  static uint8_t lastbutton = 1;
  static bool firsttime = true;

  int button = readButtons();
  
  // update weather data at specified interval or when button 4 is pressed
  if((millis() >= (timer + 1000*60*UPDATE_INTERVAL)) || (button == 4) || firsttime)
  {
    Serial.println("getting weather data");
    firsttime = false;
    timer = millis();
    int retry = 6;
    while(!wifi_connect())
    {
      delay(5000);
      retry--;
      if(retry < 0)
      {
        displayError("Can not connect to WiFi, press reset to restart");
        while(1);      
      }
    }
    String urlc = owclient.buildUrlCurrent(OWM_KEY,OWM_LOCATION);
    Serial.println(urlc);
    retry = 6;
    do
    {
      retry--;
      wget(urlc,80,data);
      if(strlen(data) == 0 && retry < 0)
      {
        displayError("Can not get weather data, press reset to restart");
        while(1);      
      }
    }
    while(strlen(data) == 0);
    Serial.println("data retrieved:");
    Serial.println(data);
    retry = 6;
    while(!owclient.updateCurrent(owcdata,data))
    {
      retry--;
      if(retry < 0)
      {
        displayError(owclient.getError());
        while(1);
      }
      delay(5000);
    }
  
    String urlf = owclient.buildUrlForecast(OWM_KEY,OWM_LOCATION);
    Serial.println(urlf);
    wget(urlf,80,data);
    Serial.println("data retrieved:");
    Serial.println(data);
    if(!owclient.updateForecast(owfdata[0],data,0))
    {
      displayError(owclient.getError());
      while(1);
    }
    if(!owclient.updateForecast(owfdata[1],data,2))
    {
      displayError(owclient.getError());
      while(1);
    }
    if(!owclient.updateForecast(owfdata[2],data,4))
    {
      displayError(owclient.getError());
      while(1);
    }

    switch(lastbutton)
    {
      case 1:        
        displayAllWeather(owcdata,owfdata,3);
        break;
      case 2:
        displayCurrentConditions(owcdata);
        break;
      case 3:
        displaySunMoon(owcdata);
        break;
    }
  }

  if (button == 0) {
    return;
  }

  Serial.print("Button "); Serial.print(button); Serial.println(" pressed");

  if (button == 1) {
    displayAllWeather(owcdata,owfdata,3);
    lastbutton = button;
  }
  if (button == 2) {
    //displayForecast(owcdata,owfdata,3);
    displayCurrentConditions(owcdata);
    lastbutton = button;
  }
  if (button == 3) {
    displaySunMoon(owcdata);
    lastbutton = button;
  }
  
  // wait until button is released
  while (readButtons()) {
    delay(10);
  }

}
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// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Dan Cogliano for Adafruit Industries
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

#pragma once
#include "secrets.h"
#include <ArduinoJson.h>          //https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson

typedef struct OpenWeatherMapCurrentData {
  // "lon": 8.54,
  float lon;
  // "lat": 47.37
  float lat;
  // "id": 521,
  uint16_t weatherId;
  // "main": "Rain",
  String main;
  // "description": "shower rain",
  String description;
  // "icon": "09d"
  String icon;
  String iconMeteoCon;
  // "temp": 290.56,
  float temp;
  // "pressure": 1013,
  uint16_t pressure;
  // "humidity": 87,
  uint8_t humidity;
  // "temp_min": 289.15,
  float tempMin;
  // "temp_max": 292.15
  float tempMax;
  // visibility: 10000,
  uint16_t visibility;
  // "wind": {"speed": 1.5},
  float windSpeed;
  // "wind": {deg: 226.505},
  float windDeg;
  // "clouds": {"all": 90},
  uint8_t clouds;
  // "dt": 1527015000,
  time_t observationTime;
  // "country": "CH",
  String country;
  // "sunrise": 1526960448,
  time_t sunrise;
  // "sunset": 1527015901
  time_t sunset;
  // "name": "Zurich",
  String cityName;
  time_t timezone;
} OpenWeatherMapCurrentData;

typedef struct OpenWeatherMapForecastData {
  // {"dt":1527066000,
  time_t observationTime;
  // "main":{
  //   "temp":17.35,
  float temp;
  //   "temp_min":16.89,
  float tempMin;
  //   "temp_max":17.35,
  float tempMax;
  //   "pressure":970.8,
  float pressure;
  //   "sea_level":1030.62,
  float pressureSeaLevel;
  //   "grnd_level":970.8,
  float pressureGroundLevel;
  //   "humidity":97,
  uint8_t humidity;
  //   "temp_kf":0.46
  // },"weather":[{
  //   "id":802,
  uint16_t weatherId;
  //   "main":"Clouds",
  String main;
  //   "description":"scattered clouds",
  String description;
  //   "icon":"03d"
  String icon;
  String iconMeteoCon;
  // }],"clouds":{"all":44},
  uint8_t clouds;
  // "wind":{
  //   "speed":1.77,
  float windSpeed;
  //   "deg":207.501
  float windDeg;
  // rain: {3h: 0.055},
  float rain;
  // },"sys":{"pod":"d"}
  // dt_txt: "2018-05-23 09:00:00"
  String observationTimeText;

} OpenWeatherMapForecastData;

class AirliftOpenWeatherMap{
  private:
    Stream *Serial;
    String currentKey;
    String currentParent;
    //OpenWeatherMapCurrentData *data;
    uint8_t weatherItemCounter = 0;
    bool metric = true;
    String language;
    String _error;

  public:
    AirliftOpenWeatherMap(Stream *serial){Serial = serial;};
    String buildUrlCurrent(String appId, String locationParameter);
    String buildUrlForecast(String appId, String locationParameter);
    bool updateCurrent(OpenWeatherMapCurrentData &data,String json);
    bool updateForecast(OpenWeatherMapForecastData &data,String json, int day = 0);

    void setMetric(bool metric) {this->metric = metric;}
    bool isMetric() { return metric; }
    void setLanguage(String language) { this->language = language; }
    String getLanguage() { return language; }
    void setError(String error){_error = error;}
    String getError(){return _error;}

    String getMeteoconIcon(String icon);

};
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// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Dan Cogliano for Adafruit Industries
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

#include "OpenWeatherMap.h"

String AirliftOpenWeatherMap::buildUrlCurrent(String appId, String location) {
  String units = OWM_METRIC ? "metric" : "imperial";
  return "http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=" + location + "&appid=" + appId + "&units=" + units + "&lang=" + String(OWM_LANGUAGE);
}

String AirliftOpenWeatherMap::buildUrlForecast(String appId, String location) {
  String units = OWM_METRIC ? "metric" : "imperial";
  return "http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/forecast?q=" + location + "&cnt=6&appid=" + appId + "&units=" + units + "&lang=" + String(OWM_LANGUAGE);
}

String AirliftOpenWeatherMap::getMeteoconIcon(String icon) {
  // clear sky
  // 01d
  if (icon == "01d") 	{
    return "B";
  }
  // 01n
  if (icon == "01n") 	{
    return "C";
  }
  // few clouds
  // 02d
  if (icon == "02d") 	{
    return "H";
  }
  // 02n
  if (icon == "02n") 	{
    return "4";
  }
  // scattered clouds
  // 03d
  if (icon == "03d") 	{
    return "N";
  }
  // 03n
  if (icon == "03n") 	{
    return "5";
  }
  // broken clouds
  // 04d
  if (icon == "04d") 	{
    return "Y";
  }
  // 04n
  if (icon == "04n") 	{
    return "%";
  }
  // shower rain
  // 09d
  if (icon == "09d") 	{
    return "R";
  }
  // 09n
  if (icon == "09n") 	{
    return "8";
  }
  // rain
  // 10d
  if (icon == "10d") 	{
    return "Q";
  }
  // 10n
  if (icon == "10n") 	{
    return "7";
  }
  // thunderstorm
  // 11d
  if (icon == "11d") 	{
    return "P";
  }
  // 11n
  if (icon == "11n") 	{
    return "6";
  }
  // snow
  // 13d
  if (icon == "13d") 	{
    return "W";
  }
  // 13n
  if (icon == "13n") 	{
    return "#";
  }
  // mist
  // 50d
  if (icon == "50d") 	{
    return "M";
  }
  // 50n
  if (icon == "50n") 	{
    return "M";
  }
  // Nothing matched: N/A
  return ")";

}

bool AirliftOpenWeatherMap::updateCurrent(OpenWeatherMapCurrentData &data, String json)
{
  Serial->println("updateCurrent()");
  DynamicJsonDocument doc(2000);
  //StaticJsonDocument<2000> doc;

  DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, json);
  if (error) {
    Serial->println(String("deserializeJson() failed: ") + (const char *)error.c_str());
    Serial->println(json);
    setError(String("deserializeJson() failed: ") + error.c_str());
    return false;
  }

  int code = (int) doc["cod"];
  if(code != 200)
  {
    Serial->println(String("OpenWeatherMap error: ") + (const char *)doc["message"]);
    setError(String("OpenWeatherMap error: ") + (const char *)doc["message"]);
    return false;
  }
  
  data.lat = (float) doc["coord"]["lat"];
  data.lon = (float) doc["coord"]["lon"];
  
  data.main = (const char*) doc["weather"][0]["main"];  
  data.description = (const char*) doc["weather"][0]["description"];
  data.icon = (const char*) doc["weather"][0]["icon"];
  
  data.cityName = (const char*) doc["name"];
  data.visibility = (uint16_t) doc["visibility"];
  data.timezone = (time_t) doc["timezone"];
  
  data.country = (const char*) doc["sys"]["country"];
  data.observationTime = (time_t) doc["dt"];
  data.sunrise = (time_t) doc["sys"]["sunrise"];
  data.sunset = (time_t) doc["sys"]["sunset"];
  
  data.temp = (float) doc["main"]["temp"];
  data.pressure = (uint16_t) doc["main"]["pressure"];
  data.humidity = (uint8_t) doc["main"]["humidity"];
  data.tempMin = (float) doc["main"]["temp_min"];
  data.tempMax = (float) doc["main"]["temp_max"];

  data.windSpeed = (float) doc["wind"]["speed"];
  data.windDeg = (float) doc["wind"]["deg"];
  return true;
}

bool AirliftOpenWeatherMap::updateForecast(OpenWeatherMapForecastData &data, String json, int day)
{
  Serial->println("updateForecast()");
  DynamicJsonDocument doc(5000);
  //StaticJsonDocument<5000> doc;

  DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, json);
  if (error) {
    Serial->println(String("deserializeJson() failed: ") + (const char *)error.c_str());
    Serial->println(json);
    setError(String("deserializeJson() failed: ") + error.c_str());
    return false;
  }

  int code = (int) doc["cod"];
  if(code != 200)
  {
    Serial->println(String("OpenWeatherMap error: ") + (const char *)doc["message"]);
    setError(String("OpenWeatherMap error: ") + (const char *)doc["message"]);
    return false;
  }

  data.observationTime = (time_t) doc["list"][day]["dt"];

  data.temp = (float) doc["list"][day]["main"]["temp"];
  data.pressure = (uint16_t) doc["list"][day]["main"]["pressure"];
  data.humidity = (uint8_t) doc["list"][day]["main"]["humidity"];
  data.tempMin = (float) doc["list"][day]["main"]["temp_min"];
  data.tempMax = (float) doc["list"][day]["main"]["temp_max"];

  data.main = (const char*) doc["list"][day]["weather"][0]["main"];  
  data.description = (const char*) doc["list"][day]["weather"][0]["description"];
  data.icon = (const char*) doc["list"][day]["weather"][0]["icon"];
  return true;
}
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The font files can be found in the GitHub repository here.

 How it Works Use 

This guide was first published on Jun 12, 2019. It was last updated on May 20, 2019.

This page (Arduino Setup) was last updated on May 21, 2019.

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