It's time to turn it around and send data to Adafruit IO. The Crickit has builtin capacitive touch sensors which are easy to use, and we can add a simple photocell circuit to measure light level.
Back in your Adafruit IO account add a touch_0 feed to the crickit group. Then it can be added to the code along with the existing feeds.
The next program is called crickit_io.ino and will read the Crickit capacitive touch pads and send data back toan Adafruit IO Dashboard.
Code Highlights
AdafruitIO_Feed *touch;
...
touch = io.feed("crickit.touch-0");
Since this is an outgoing feed, we don't need a handler for it. We do, however, need to send values to it. We do this in the loop function. We could just do something like:
void loop()
{
io.run();
uint16_t val = crickit.touchRead(0);
if (val >= CAPTOUCH_THRESH) {
touch->save(1);
} else if (val < CAPTOUCH_THRESH) {
touch->save(0);
}
}
The problem with this is that it would spam the feed with generally redundant data. That's bad just for bandwidth reasons, but there is also constraints on the rate at which you can send data to a feed.
We can do a couple things to prevent that. The first is to throttle our data collection and reporting. We can wrap our collection/reporting code in an if with a condition that is only true every so often. In the code it's set to 1000 ms. This way, the capacitive touch sensors are read and information sent to Adafruit IO at most once per second.
#define IO_LOOP_DELAY (1000)
unsigned long lastUpdate = 0;
void loop()
{
io.run();
if (millis() > (lastUpdate + IO_LOOP_DELAY)) {
// measure/update code here
lastUpdate = millis();
}
}
Another approach (which works well combined with the above) is to only send an update when there's a good reason to. In this case we can send an update only when the state changes. To do this we keep track of the last thing we sent and only send an update when it would be different.
The final cap-touch code is below.
boolean last_touch = false;
...
void loop()
{
io.run();
if (millis() > (lastUpdate + IO_LOOP_DELAY)) {
uint16_t val = crickit.touchRead(0);
if (val >= CAPTOUCH_THRESH && !last_touch) {
touch->save(1);
last_touch = true;
Serial.println("CT 0 touched.");
} else if (val < CAPTOUCH_THRESH && last_touch) {
touch->save(0);
last_touch = false;
Serial.println("CT 0 released.");
}
// after publishing, store the current time
lastUpdate = millis();
}
}
Back in our Adafruit IO dashboard we can add a block to show the cap-touch values that get sent. A stream block will work well for this data:
We can do something very similar for the light sensor, starting with setting up the feed in Adafruit IO and the code.
AdafruitIO_Feed *light;
uint16_t last_reported_light = 0;
...
light = io.feed("crickit.light")
Now back the the loop() function where we will read the sensor and send the readings to IO.
void loop()
{
...
if (millis() > (lastUpdate + IO_LOOP_DELAY)) {
uint16_t light_level = crickit.analogRead(CRICKIT_SIGNAL1);
uint16_t light_delta = abs(light_level - last_reported_light);
if (light_delta > 10) {
light->save(light_level);
last_reported_light = light_level;
Serial.print("Sending ");
}
Serial.print("Light: ");
Serial.println(light_level);
...
// after publishing, store the current time
lastUpdate = millis();
}
}
Instead of sending every time the light reading changes, which would be quite often, we can send only when it changes by some amount (10 in the code above). This way, minor variations are filtered out and only significant changes are sent.
We can add a block to our dashboard to visualize the light readings. A line chart would be a good choice.
The complete sketch is below.
// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2018 Dave Astels for Adafruit Industries
//
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// Crickit + Adafruit IO Publish & Subscribe Example
//
// Adafruit invests time and resources providing this open source code.
// Please support Adafruit and open source hardware by purchasing
// products from Adafruit!
//
// Written by Dave Astels for Adafruit Industries
// Copyright (c) 2018 Adafruit Industries
// Licensed under the MIT license.
//
// All text above must be included in any redistribution.
/************************** Configuration ***********************************/
// edit the config.h tab and enter your Adafruit IO credentials
// and any additional configuration needed for WiFi, cellular,
// or ethernet clients.
#include "config.h"
#include <Adafruit_Crickit.h>
#include <seesaw_servo.h>
#include <seesaw_neopixel.h>
#define NEOPIX_PIN (20) /* Neopixel pin */
#define NEOPIX_NUMBER_OF_PIXELS (7)
#define CAPTOUCH_THRESH 500
#define IO_LOOP_DELAY (1000)
unsigned long lastUpdate = 0;
// set up the feeds
AdafruitIO_Feed *servo1_control;
AdafruitIO_Feed *neopixel_control;
AdafruitIO_Feed *light;
uint16_t last_reported_light = 0;
AdafruitIO_Feed *touch;
boolean last_touch = false;
// set up the Crickit
Adafruit_Crickit crickit;
seesaw_Servo servo_1(&crickit); // create servo object to control a servo
// Parameter 1 = number of pixels in strip
// Parameter 2 = Arduino pin number (most are valid)
// Parameter 3 = pixel type flags, add together as needed:
// NEO_KHZ800 800 KHz bitstream (most NeoPixel products w/WS2812 LEDs)
// NEO_KHZ400 400 KHz (classic 'v1' (not v2) FLORA pixels, WS2811 drivers)
// NEO_GRB Pixels are wired for GRB bitstream (most NeoPixel products)
// NEO_RGB Pixels are wired for RGB bitstream (v1 FLORA pixels, not v2)
// NEO_RGBW Pixels are wired for RGBW bitstream (NeoPixel RGBW products)
seesaw_NeoPixel strip = seesaw_NeoPixel(NEOPIX_NUMBER_OF_PIXELS, NEOPIX_PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800);
void setup_feeds()
{
servo1_control = io.feed("crickit.servo1-control");
neopixel_control = io.feed("crickit.neopixel-control");
light = io.feed("crickit.light");
touch = io.feed("crickit.touch-0");
}
void setup()
{
setup_feeds();
Serial.println("Feeds set up");
// start the serial connection
Serial.begin(115200);
// wait for serial monitor to open
while(! Serial);
Serial.println("Connecting to Adafruit IO");
// connect to io.adafruit.com
io.connect();
// set up a message handler for the count feed.
// the handleMessage function (defined below)
// will be called whenever a message is
// received from adafruit io.
// setup handlers
servo1_control->onMessage(handle_servo_message);
neopixel_control->onMessage(handle_neopixel_message);
// wait for a connection
while(io.status() < AIO_CONNECTED) {
Serial.println(io.statusText());
delay(500);
}
// we are connected
Serial.println();
Serial.println(io.statusText());
if (!crickit.begin()) {
Serial.println("Error starting Crickit!");
while(1);
} else {
Serial.println("Crickit started");
}
if(!strip.begin()){
Serial.println("Error starting Neopixels!");
while(1);
} else {
Serial.println("Neopixels started");
}
servo1_control->get();
servo_1.attach(CRICKIT_SERVO1);
Serial.println("setup complete");
}
void loop()
{
// io.run(); is required for all sketches.
// it should always be present at the top of your loop
// function. it keeps the client connected to
// io.adafruit.com, and processes any incoming data.
io.run();
if (millis() > (lastUpdate + IO_LOOP_DELAY)) {
uint16_t light_level = crickit.analogRead(CRICKIT_SIGNAL1);
uint16_t light_delta = abs(light_level - last_reported_light);
if (light_delta > 10) {
light->save(light_level);
last_reported_light = light_level;
Serial.print("Sending ");
}
Serial.print("Light: ");
Serial.println(light_level);
uint16_t val = crickit.touchRead(0);
if (val >= CAPTOUCH_THRESH && !last_touch) {
touch->save(1);
last_touch = true;
Serial.println("CT 0 touched.");
} else if (val < CAPTOUCH_THRESH && last_touch) {
touch->save(0);
last_touch = false;
Serial.println("CT 0 released.");
}
// after publishing, store the current time
lastUpdate = millis();
}
}
void handle_servo_message(AdafruitIO_Data *data)
{
Serial.print("received servo control <- ");
Serial.println(data->value());
int angle = data->toInt();
if(angle < 0) {
angle = 0;
} else if(angle > 180) {
angle = 180;
}
servo_1.write(angle);
}
void handle_neopixel_message(AdafruitIO_Data *data)
{
Serial.print("received neopixel control <- ");
Serial.println(data->value());
long color = data->toNeoPixel();
for (int pixel = 0; pixel < NEOPIX_NUMBER_OF_PIXELS; pixel++) {
strip.setPixelColor(pixel, color);
}
strip.show();
}
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