# Clue And MagTag Pep Talk Generator ## Overview ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/106/060/medium800/lcds___displays_IMG_0794.jpg?1635799143) Need some motivation before that big meeting or interview? Do you wish you had the right phrase to motivate your friends and colleagues? The Clue And MagTag Pep Talk Generator will provide you with just the right words (or not) to provide sentiment for the occasion. In this guide, you'll learn how to use a MagTag or a CLUE, or both if you're feeling daring, to create a pep talk generator that will randomly create a motivational sentence using 4 phrases.   There are instructions in this guide for both the MagTag and the Clue. You can use either. The MagTag will give you a new pep talk every minute and the Clue will give you one when you turn it on and one when you press one of the buttons on the front. ## MagTag Parts ### Adafruit MagTag Starter Kit - ADABOX017 Essentials [Adafruit MagTag Starter Kit - ADABOX017 Essentials](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4819) The **Adafruit MagTag** combines the new ESP32-S2 wireless module and a 2.9" grayscale E-Ink display to make a low-power IoT display that can show data on its screen even when power is removed! The ESP32-S2 is great because it builds on the years of code and support for the... In Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4819) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4819/guides) ![MagTag dev board with enclosure pieces, four magnet feet, and lipoly battery](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/640x480/4819-02.jpg) Or, buy the parts you need separately: ### Adafruit MagTag - 2.9" Grayscale E-Ink WiFi Display [Adafruit MagTag - 2.9" Grayscale E-Ink WiFi Display](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4800) The Adafruit MagTag combines the ESP32-S2 wireless module and a 2.9" grayscale E-Ink display to make a low-power IoT display that can show data on its screen even when power is removed! The ESP32-S2 is great because it builds on the years of code and support for the ESP32 and also adds... Out of Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4800) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4800/guides) ![Angled shot of rectangle-shaped electronic ink display breakout with the text: "MAGTAG 2025 Edition with SSD1680 Chipset"](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/640x480/4800-10.jpg) ### Lithium Ion Polymer Battery with Short Cable - 3.7V 420mAh [Lithium Ion Polymer Battery with Short Cable - 3.7V 420mAh](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4236) Lithium-ion polymer (also known as 'lipo' or 'lipoly') batteries are thin, light, and powerful. The output ranges from 4.2V when completely charged to 3.7V. This battery has a capacity of 420mAh for a total of about 1.55 Wh. If you need a larger (or smaller!) battery, In Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4236) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4236/guides) ![Lithium Ion Polymer Battery 3.7v 420mAh with JST 2-PH connector and short cable](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/640x480/4236-04.jpg) Don't forget to pick up a USB-C cable: ### USB Type A to Type C Cable - approx 1 meter / 3 ft long [USB Type A to Type C Cable - approx 1 meter / 3 ft long](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4474) As technology changes and adapts, so does Adafruit. This   **USB Type A to Type C** cable will help you with the transition to USB C, even if you're still totin' around a USB Type A hub, computer or laptop. USB C is the latest industry-standard connector for... In Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4474) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4474/guides) ![Angled shot of a coiled black, USB-C to USB-A cable.](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/640x480/4474-02.jpg) ## CLUE Parts ### Adafruit CLUE - nRF52840 Express with Bluetooth® LE [Adafruit CLUE - nRF52840 Express with Bluetooth® LE](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4500) Do you feel like you just don't have a CLUE? Well, we can help with that - get a CLUE here at Adafruit by picking up this sensor-packed development board. We wanted to build some projects that have a small screen and a lot of sensors. To make it compatible with existing projects, we made... In Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4500) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4500/guides) ![Animated GIF showing CLUE board displaying data from the many on-board sensors.](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/product-videos/640x480/4500-04.jpg) ### Clear Acrylic Enclosure + Hardware Kit for Adafruit CLUE [Clear Acrylic Enclosure + Hardware Kit for Adafruit CLUE](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4675) Here is a chic minimalist enclosure for your **CLUE** board! This case has been laser-cut specifically to accommodate the TFT display, tactile buttons, and capacitive pads. And of course, we include mounting hardware so you can assemble it right onto your CLUE... In Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4675) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4675/guides) ![Angled shot of a Clear Acrylic Enclosure + Hardware Kit for Adafruit CLUE.](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/640x480/4675-04.jpg) ### USB cable - USB A to Micro-B [USB cable - USB A to Micro-B](https://www.adafruit.com/product/592) This here is your standard A to micro-B USB cable, for USB 1.1 or 2.0. Perfect for connecting a PC to your Metro, Feather, Raspberry Pi or other dev-board or microcontroller Approximately 3 feet / 1 meter long Out of Stock [Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/592) [Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/592/guides) ![USB cable - USB A to Micro-B - 3 foot long](https://cdn-shop.adafruit.com/640x480/592-01.jpg) # Clue And MagTag Pep Talk Generator ## Installing CircuitPython on the MagTag Danger: Make sure that you [update the TinyUF2 Bootloader](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-magtag/update-tinyuf2-bootloader-for-circuitpython-10-4mb-boards-only) before installing CircuitPython! ### Adafruit MagTag - Update TinyUF2 Bootloader for CircuitPython 10 and Later [Adafruit MagTag](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-magtag) [Update TinyUF2 Bootloader for CircuitPython 10 and Later](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-magtag/update-tinyuf2-bootloader-for-circuitpython-10-4mb-boards-only) [CircuitPython](https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython) is a derivative of [MicroPython](https://micropython.org) designed to simplify experimentation and education on low-cost microcontrollers. It makes it easier than ever to get prototyping by requiring no upfront desktop software downloads. Simply copy and edit files on the **CIRCUITPY** drive to iterate. ## Set Up CircuitPython Follow the steps to get CircuitPython installed on your MagTag. [CircuitPython Download for MagTag](https://circuitpython.org/board/adafruit_magtag_2.9_grayscale/) Warning: WARNING: The updated Adafruit MagTag 2025 Edition will not work with CircuitPython 9.2.x or earlier. Make sure you install 10.x.x or later! **Click the link above and download the latest .BIN and .UF2 file** You can use a 9.x.x release for a pre-2025 MagTag. You  **must** use a 10.x.x release for the updated MagTag 2025 Edition. (depending on how you program the ESP32S2 board you may need one or the other, might as well get both) Download and save it to your desktop (or wherever is handy). ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/138/625/medium640/adafruit_products_magtag-9.2.8.png?1753973423) ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/138/626/medium640/adafruit_products_magtag-10.0.0-beta.2.png?1753973581) Plug your MagTag into your computer using a known-good USB cable. **A lot of people end up using charge-only USB cables and it is very frustrating! So make sure you have a USB cable you know is good for data sync.** ![adafruit_products_MagTag_top.jpg](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/096/955/medium640/adafruit_products_MagTag_top.jpg?1605035864) # Option 1 - Load with UF2 Bootloader This is by far the easiest way to load CircuitPython. **However it requires your board has the UF2 bootloader installed. Some early boards do not (we hadn't written UF2 yet!) - in which case you can load using the built in ROM bootloader.** Still, try this first! Warning: Make sure that you [update the TinyUF2 Bootloader](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-magtag/update-tinyuf2-bootloader-for-circuitpython-10-4mb-boards-only) before following these steps for the UF2 bootloader! ## Try Launching UF2 Bootloader Loading CircuitPython by drag-n-drop UF2 bootloader is the easier way and we recommend it. If you have a MagTag where the front of the board is black, your MagTag came with UF2 already on it. ![adafruit_products_IMG_0169.jpg](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/097/429/medium640/adafruit_products_IMG_0169.jpg?1607200225) Launch UF2 by **double-clicking** the Reset button (the one next to the USB C port). You may have to try a few times to get the timing right. ![adafruit_products_MagTag_pinouts_Reset_and_Boot0.jpg](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/097/430/medium640/adafruit_products_MagTag_pinouts_Reset_and_Boot0.jpg?1607202717) If the UF2 bootloader is installed, you will see a new disk drive appear called **MAGTAGBOOT** ![adafruit_products_image.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/097/431/medium640/adafruit_products_image.png?1607202820) Copy the **UF2** file you downloaded at the first step of this tutorial onto the **MAGTAGBOOT** drive ![adafruit_products_image.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/097/432/medium640/adafruit_products_image.png?1607202977) If you're using Windows and you get an error at the end of the file copy that says **Error from the file copy, Error 0x800701B1: A device which does not exist was specified.** You can ignore this error, the bootloader sometimes disconnects without telling Windows, the install completed just fine and you can continue.[If its really annoying, you can also upgrade the bootloader (the latest version of the UF2 bootloader fixes this warning)](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-magtag/install-uf2-bootloader) Your board should auto-reset into CircuitPython, or you may need to press reset. A **CIRCUITPY** drive will appear. You're done! Go to the next pages. ![adafruit_products_image.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/097/433/medium640/adafruit_products_image.png?1607203475) # Option 2 - Use esptool to load BIN file If you have an original MagTag with while soldermask on the front, we didn't have UF2 written for the ESP32S2 yet so it will not come with the UF2 bootloader. You can upload with **esptool** to the ROM (hardware) bootloader instead! Follow the initial steps found in the [Run esptool and check connection section of the ROM Bootloader page](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-magtag/rom-bootloader#run-esptool-and-check-connection-3076823-5) to verify your environment is set up, your board is successfully connected, and which port it's using. **In the final command to write a binary file to the board, replace the port with your port, and replace "firmware.bin" with the the file you downloaded above.** The output should look something like the output in the image. ![adafruit_products_Metro_ESP32_S2_binary_install.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/096/950/medium640/adafruit_products_Metro_ESP32_S2_binary_install.png?1605031120) Press reset to exit the bootloader. Your **CIRCUITPY** drive should appear! You're all set! Go to the next pages. ![adafruit_products_Metro_ESP32_S2_CIRCUITPY.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/096/951/medium640/adafruit_products_Metro_ESP32_S2_CIRCUITPY.png?1605031168) # Option 3 - Use Chrome Browser To Upload BIN file If for some reason you cannot get esptool to run, you can always try using the Chrome-browser version of esptool we have written. This is handy if you don't have Python on your computer, or something is really weird with your setup that makes esptool not run (which happens sometimes and isn't worth debugging!) You can follow along on the [Web Serial ESPTool](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-magtag/web-serial-esptool) page and either load the UF2 bootloader and then come back to Option 1 on this page, or you can download the CircuitPython BIN file directly using the tool in the same manner as the bootloader. # Clue And MagTag Pep Talk Generator ## CircuitPython Internet Test One of the great things about most Espressif microcontrollers are their built-in WiFi capabilities. This page covers the basics of getting connected using CircuitPython. The first thing you need to do is update your **code.py** to the following (it will error until WiFi details are added). Click the **Download Project Bundle** button to download the necessary libraries and the  **code.py** file in a zip file. Extract the contents of the zip file, and copy the **entire** **lib** **folder** and the **code.py** file to your **CIRCUITPY** drive. https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/ESP32_S2_WiFi_Tests/CPy_Native_WiFi_Test/code.py Your **CIRCUITPY** drive should resemble the following. ![CIRCUITPY](https://adafruit.github.io/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/ESP32_S2_WiFi_Tests_CPy_Native_WiFi_Test.png ) To get connected, the next thing you need to do is update the **settings.toml** file. ## The settings.toml File We expect people to share tons of projects as they build CircuitPython WiFi widgets. What we want to avoid is people accidentally sharing their passwords or secret tokens and API keys. So, we designed all our examples to use a **settings.toml** file, that is on your  **CIRCUITPY**  drive, to hold secret/private/custom data. That way you can share your main project without worrying about accidentally sharing private stuff. If you have a fresh install of CircuitPython on your board, the initial **settings.toml** file on your **CIRCUITPY** drive is empty. To get started, you can update the **settings.toml** on your **CIRCUITPY** drive to contain the following code. https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/ESP32_S2_WiFi_Tests/CPy_Native_WiFi_Test/settings.toml This file should contain a series of Python variables, each assigned to a string. Each variable should describe what it represents (say `wifi_ssid`), followed by an **= ** (equals sign), followed by the data in the form of a Python string (such as `"my-wifi-password"` including the quote marks). **At a minimum you'll need to add/update your WiFi SSID and WiFi password, so do that now!** As you make projects you may need more tokens and keys, just add them one line at a time. See for example other tokens such as one for accessing GitHub or the Hackaday API. Other non-secret data like your timezone can also go here. For the correct time zone string, look at [http://worldtimeapi.org/timezones](http://worldtimeapi.org/timezones) and remember that if your city is not listed, look for a city in the same time zone, for example Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Washington DC, and Miami are all on the same time as New York. Of course, don't share your **settings.toml** - keep that out of GitHub, Discord or other project-sharing sites. Warning: If you connect to the serial console, you should see something like the following: ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/097/014/medium800/adafruit_products_1__screen__Users_brentrubell__screen_.png?1605218222) In order, the example code... Checks the ESP32's MAC address. ```python print(f"My MAC address: {[hex(i) for i in wifi.radio.mac_address]}") ``` Performs a scan of all access points and prints out the access point's name (SSID), signal strength (RSSI), and channel. ```python print("Available WiFi networks:") for network in wifi.radio.start_scanning_networks(): print("\t%s\t\tRSSI: %d\tChannel: %d" % (str(network.ssid, "utf-8"), network.rssi, network.channel)) wifi.radio.stop_scanning_networks() ``` Connects to the access point you defined in the **settings.toml** file, and prints out its local IP address. ```python print(f"Connecting to {os.getenv('WIFI_SSID')}") wifi.radio.connect(os.getenv("WIFI_SSID"), os.getenv("WIFI_PASSWORD")) print(f"Connected to {os.getenv('WIFI_SSID')}") print(f"My IP address: {wifi.radio.ipv4_address}") ``` Attempts to ping a Google DNS server to test connectivity. If a ping fails, it returns `None`. Initial pings can sometimes fail for various reasons. So, if the initial ping is successful (`is not None`), it will print the echo speed in ms. If the initial ping fails, it will try one more time to ping, and then print the returned value. If the second ping fails, it will result in `"Ping google.com: None ms"` being printed to the serial console. Failure to ping does not always indicate a lack of connectivity, so the code will continue to run. ```python ping_ip = ipaddress.IPv4Address("8.8.8.8") ping = wifi.radio.ping(ip=ping_ip) * 1000 if ping is not None: print(f"Ping google.com: {ping} ms") else: ping = wifi.radio.ping(ip=ping_ip) print(f"Ping google.com: {ping} ms") ``` The code creates a socketpool using the wifi radio's available sockets. This is performed so we don't need to re-use sockets. Then, it initializes a a new instance of the [requests](http://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/) interface - which makes getting data from the internet _really really easy._ ```python pool = socketpool.SocketPool(wifi.radio) requests = adafruit_requests.Session(pool, ssl.create_default_context()) ``` To read in plain-text from a web URL, call `requests.get` - you may pass in either a http, or a http **s** url for SSL connectivity.  ```python print(f"Fetching text from {TEXT_URL}") response = requests.get(TEXT_URL) print("-" * 40) print(response.text) print("-" * 40) ``` Requests can also display a JSON-formatted response from a web URL using a call to `requests.get`.  ```python print(f"Fetching json from {JSON_QUOTES_URL}") response = requests.get(JSON_QUOTES_URL) print("-" * 40) print(response.json()) print("-" * 40) ``` Finally, you can fetch and parse a JSON URL using `requests.get`. This code snippet obtains the `stargazers_count` field from a call to the GitHub API. ```python print(f"Fetching and parsing json from {JSON_STARS_URL}") response = requests.get(JSON_STARS_URL) print("-" * 40) print(f"CircuitPython GitHub Stars: {response.json()['stargazers_count']}") print("-" * 40) ``` OK you now have your ESP32 board set up with a proper **settings.toml** file and can connect over the Internet. If not, check that your **settings.toml** file has the right SSID and password and retrace your steps until you get the Internet connectivity working! ## IPv6 Networking Starting in CircuitPython 9.2, IPv6 networking is available on most Espressif wifi boards. Socket-using libraries like **adafruit\_requests** and **adafruit\_ntp** will need to be updated to use the new APIs and for now can only connect to services on IPv4. ### IPv6 connectivity & privacy IPv6 addresses are divided into many special kinds, and many of those kinds (like those starting with  **FC** , **FD** , **FE** ) are private or local; Addresses starting with other prefixes like  **2002:** and **2001:** are globally routable. In 2024, far from all ISPs and home networks support IPv6 internet connectivity. For more info consult resources like [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6_address#Local_addresses). If you're interested in global IPv6 connectivity you can use services like [Hurricane Electric](https://www.he.net/) to create an "IPv6 tunnel" (free as of 2024, but requires expertise and a compatible router or host computer to set up) It's also important to be aware that, as currently implemented by Espressif, there are privacy concerns especially when these devices operate on the global IPv6 network: The device's unique identifier (its EUI-64 or MAC address) is used by default as part of its IPv6 address. This means that the device identity can be tracked across multiple networks by any service it connects to. ### Enable IPv6 networking Due to the privacy consideration, IPv6 networking is not automatically enabled. Instead, it must be explicitly enabled by a call to `start_dhcp_client` with the `ipv6=True` argument specified: ```python wifi.start_dhcp_client(ipv6=True) ``` ### Check IP addresses The read-only `addresses` property of the `wifi.radio` object holds all addresses, including IPv4 and IPv6 addresses: ```python >>> wifi.radio.addresses ('FE80::7EDF:A1FF:FE00:518C', 'FD5F:3F5C:FE50:0:7EDF:A1FF:FE00:518C', '10.0.3.96') ``` The `wifi.radio.dns` servers can be IPv4 or IPv6: ```python >>> wifi.radio.dns ('FD5F:3F5C:FE50::1',) >>> wifi.radio.dns = ("1.1.1.1",) >>> wifi.radio.dns ('1.1.1.1',) ``` ### Ping v6 networks `wifi.radio.ping` accepts v6 addresses and names: ```python >>> wifi.radio.ping("google.com") 0.043 >>> wifi.radio.ping("ipv6.google.com") 0.048 ``` ### Create & use IPv6 sockets Use the address family `socket.AF_INET6`. After the socket is created, use methods like `connect`, `send`, `recfrom_into`, etc just like for IPv4 sockets. This code snippet shows communicating with a private-network NTP server; this IPv6 address will not work on your network: ```python >>> ntp_addr = ("fd5f:3f5c:fe50::20e", 123) >>> PACKET_SIZE = 48 >>> >>> buf = bytearray(PACKET_SIZE) >>> with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) as s: ... s.settimeout(1) ... buf[0] = 0b0010_0011 ... s.sendto(buf, ntp_addr) ... print(s.recvfrom_into(buf)) ... print(buf) ... 48 (48, ('fd5f:3f5c:fe50::20e', 123)) bytearray(b'$\x01\x03\xeb\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00GGPS\x00\xeaA0h\x07s;\xc0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xeaA0n\xeb4\x82-\xeaA0n\xebAU\xb1') ``` # Clue And MagTag Pep Talk Generator ## Getting The Date & Time A very common need for projects is to know the current date and time. Especially when you want to deep sleep until an event, or you want to change your display based on what day, time, date, etc. it is **Determining the correct local time is really really hard. There are various time zones, Daylight Savings dates, leap seconds, etc.** Trying to get NTP time and then back-calculating what the local time is, is extraordinarily hard on a microcontroller just isn't worth the effort and it will get out of sync as laws change anyways. For that reason, we have the free adafruit.io time service. **Free for anyone with a free adafruit.io account.** You _do need an account_ because we have to keep accidentally mis-programmed-board from overwhelming adafruit.io and lock them out temporarily. Again, it's free! Info: ## Step 1) Make an Adafruit account It's free! Visit [https://accounts.adafruit.com/](https://accounts.adafruit.com/) to register and make an account if you do not already have one ## Step 2) Sign into Adafruit IO Head over to [io.adafruit.com](https://io.adafruit.com/) and click **Sign In** to log into IO using your Adafruit account. It's free and fast to join. ## Step 3) Get your Adafruit IO Key Click on **My Key** in the top bar ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/097/449/medium800/adafruit_products_image.png?1607208628 "My Key" has been replaced with a key-shaped icon!) You will get a popup with your **Username** and **Key** (In this screenshot, we've covered it with red blocks) ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/097/450/medium800/adafruit_products_image.png?1607208767) Go to the **settings.toml** file on your **CIRCUITPY** drive (or create one with the text editor with your operating system) and add three lines for `AIO_USERNAME`, `ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY` and `TIMEZONE` so you get something like the following: ```python # This file is where you keep secret settings, passwords, and tokens! # If you put them in the code you risk committing that info or sharing it CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "your-wifi-ssid" CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "your-wifi-password" ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME = "your-adafruit-io-username" ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY = "your-adafruit-io-key" # Timezone names from http://worldtimeapi.org/timezones TIMEZONE="America/New_York" ``` The timezone is optional, if you don't have that entry, adafruit.io will guess your timezone based on geographic IP address lookup. You can visit [http://worldtimeapi.org/timezones](http://worldtimeapi.org/timezones) to see all the time zones available (even though we do not use Worldtime for time-keeping, we do use the same time zone table). ## Step 4) Upload Test Python Code This code is like the Internet Test code from before, but this time it will connect to adafruit.io and get the local time ```python import ipaddress import os import ssl import wifi import socketpool import adafruit_requests # Get our username, key and desired timezone ssid = os.getenv("CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID") password = os.getenv("CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD") aio_username = os.getenv("ADAFRUIT_AIO_USERNAME") aio_key = os.getenv("ADAFRUIT_AIO_KEY") timezone = os.getenv("TIMEZONE") TIME_URL = f"https://io.adafruit.com/api/v2/{aio_username}/integrations/time/strftime?x-aio-key={aio_key}&tz={timezone}" TIME_URL += "&fmt=%25Y-%25m-%25d+%25H%3A%25M%3A%25S.%25L+%25j+%25u+%25z+%25Z" print("ESP32-S2 Adafruit IO Time test") print("My MAC addr:", [hex(i) for i in wifi.radio.mac_address]) print("Available WiFi networks:") for network in wifi.radio.start_scanning_networks(): print("\t%s\t\tRSSI: %d\tChannel: %d" % (str(network.ssid, "utf-8"), network.rssi, network.channel)) wifi.radio.stop_scanning_networks() print("Connecting to", ssid) wifi.radio.connect(ssid, password) print(f"Connected to {ssid}!") print("My IP address is", wifi.radio.ipv4_address) ipv4 = ipaddress.ip_address("8.8.4.4") print("Ping google.com:", wifi.radio.ping(ipv4), "ms") pool = socketpool.SocketPool(wifi.radio) requests = adafruit_requests.Session(pool, ssl.create_default_context()) print("Fetching text from", TIME_URL) response = requests.get(TIME_URL) print("-" * 40) print(response.text) print("-" * 40) ``` After running this, you will see something like the below text. We have blocked out the part with the secret username and key data! ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/097/451/medium800/adafruit_products_image.png?1607212430) Note at the end you will get the date, time, and your timezone! If so, you have correctly configured your **settings.toml** and can continue to the next steps! # Clue And MagTag Pep Talk Generator ## Code the MagTag Pep Talk Generator ## Installing Project Code To use with CircuitPython, you need to first install a few libraries, into the lib folder on your **CIRCUITPY** drive. Then you need to update **code.py** with the example script. Thankfully, we can do this in one go. In the example below, click the **Download Project Bundle** button below to download the necessary libraries and the **code.py** file in a zip file. Extract the contents of the zip file, open the directory **Pep\_Talk\_Generator/magtag/** and then click on the directory that matches the version of CircuitPython you're using and copy the contents of that directory to your **CIRCUITPY** drive. Your **CIRCUITPY** drive should now look similar to the following image: ![CIRCUITPY](https://adafruit.github.io/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/Pep_Talk_Generator_magtag.png ) https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/Pep_Talk_Generator/magtag/code.py ## Code run-through First, the code imports the required libraries and sets the display background ```python import random from adafruit_magtag.magtag import MagTag magtag = MagTag(default_bg="/bmps/background.bmp") ``` Next, the four parts of the pep talk are each defined in lists. ```python column_1 = [ "Champ, ", "Fact: ", "Everybody says ", "Dang... ", "Check it: ", "Just saying... ", "Superstar, ", "Tiger, ", "Self, ", "Know this: ", "News alert: ", "Girl, ", "Ace, ", "Excuse me but ", "Experts agree: ", "In my opinion, ", "Hear ye, hear ye: ", "Okay, listen up: ", ] column_2 = [ "the mere idea of you ", "your soul ", "your hair today ", "everything you do ", "your personal style ", "every thought you have ", "that sparkle in your eye ", "your presence here ", "what you got going on ", "the essential you ", "your life's journey ", "that saucy personality ", "your DNA ", "that brain of yours ", "your choice of attire ", "the way you roll ", "whatever your secret is ", "all of y'all ", ] column_3 = [ "has serious game, ", "rains magic, ", "deserves the Nobel Prize, ", "raises the roof, ", "breeds miracles, ", "is paying off big time, ", "shows mad skills, ", "just shimmers, ", "is a national treasure, ", "gets the party hopping, ", "is the next big thing, ", "roars like a lion, ", "is a rainbow factory, ", "is made of diamonds, ", "makes birds sing, ", "should be taught in school, ", "makes my world go 'round, ", "is 100% legit, ", ] column_4 = [ "24/7.", "can I get an amen?", "and that's a fact.", "so treat yourself.", "you feel me?", "that's just science.", "would I lie?", "for reals.", "mic drop.", "you hidden gem.", "snuggle bear.", "period.", "can I get an amen?", "now let's dance.", "high five.", "say it again!", "according to CNN.", "so get used to it.", ] ``` Finally, the code sets up the two text boxes. The first one is set to a string made by combining a single choice from each list. The second one is set to say "Pep talk generator" and the display is refreshed. The code then waits 60 seconds and starts over again. ```python magtag.add_text( text_font="/fonts/Arial-16.bdf", text_position=((magtag.graphics.display.width // 2), 49), text_anchor_point=(0.5, 0.5), text_wrap=22, line_spacing=0.7, ) magtag.set_text( random.choice(column_1) + random.choice(column_2) + random.choice(column_3) + random.choice(column_4), 0, False, ) magtag.add_text( text_font="/fonts/Arial-12.bdf", text_position=((magtag.graphics.display.width // 2), 116), text_anchor_point=(0.5, 0.5), line_spacing=0.7, is_data=False, ) magtag.set_text("Pep talk generator", 1) magtag.exit_and_deep_sleep(60) ``` # Clue And MagTag Pep Talk Generator ## CircuitPython on CLUE [CircuitPython](https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython) is a derivative of [MicroPython](https://micropython.org) designed to simplify experimentation and education on low-cost microcontrollers. It makes it easier than ever to get prototyping by requiring no upfront desktop software downloads. Simply copy and edit files on the **CIRCUITPY**  flash drive to iterate. The following instructions will show you how to install CircuitPython. If you've already installed CircuitPython but are looking to update it or reinstall it, the same steps work for that as well! ## Set up CircuitPython Quick Start! Follow this quick step-by-step for super-fast Python power :) [Download the latest version of CircuitPython for CLUE from circuitpython.org](https://circuitpython.org/board/clue_nrf52840_express/) **Click the link above to download the latest version of CircuitPython for the CLUE.** Download and save it to your desktop (or wherever is handy). ![adafruit_products_CLUE_UF2_Downloaded.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/088/037/medium640/adafruit_products_CLUE_UF2_Downloaded.png?1580840077) Plug your CLUE into your computer using a known-good USB cable. **A lot of people end up using charge-only USB cables and it is very frustrating! So make sure you have a USB cable you know is good for data sync.** Double-click the **Reset** button on the top (magenta arrow) on your board, and you will see the NeoPixel RGB LED (green arrow) turn green. If it turns red, check the USB cable, try another USB port, etc. **Note:** The little red LED next to the USB connector will pulse red. That's ok! If double-clicking doesn't work the first time, try again. Sometimes it can take a few tries to get the rhythm right! ![adafruit_products_Clue_Reset_NeoPixel_bootloader.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/087/919/medium640/adafruit_products_Clue_Reset_NeoPixel_bootloader.png?1580496467) You will see a new disk drive appear called **CLUEBOOT**. Drag the **adafruit-circuitpython-clue-etc.uf2** file to **CLUE**** BOOT.** ![adafruit_products_CLUE_CLUEBOOT.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/088/042/medium640/adafruit_products_CLUE_CLUEBOOT.png?1580841287) ![adafruit_products_CLUE_drag_UF2.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/088/043/medium640/adafruit_products_CLUE_drag_UF2.png?1580841295) The LED will flash. Then, the **CLUEBOOT** drive will disappear and a new disk drive called **CIRCUITPY** will appear. If this is the first time you're installing CircuitPython or you're doing a completely fresh install after erasing the filesystem, you will have two files - **boot\_out.txt** , and **code.py** , and one folder - **lib** on your **CIRCUITPY** drive. If CircuitPython was already installed, the files present before reloading CircuitPython should still be present on your **CIRCUITPY** drive. Loading CircuitPython will not create new files if there was already a CircuitPython filesystem present. That's it, you're done! :) ![adafruit_products_CLUE_CIRCUITPY.png](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/088/044/medium640/adafruit_products_CLUE_CIRCUITPY.png?1580841453) # Clue And MagTag Pep Talk Generator ## Code the CLUE Pep Talk Generator ## Installing Project Code To use with CircuitPython, you need to first install a few libraries, into the lib folder on your **CIRCUITPY** drive. Then you need to update **code.py** with the example script. Thankfully, we can do this in one go. In the example below, click the **Download Project Bundle** button below to download the necessary libraries and the **code.py** file in a zip file. Extract the contents of the zip file, open the directory **Pep\_Talk\_Generator/clue/** and then click on the directory that matches the version of CircuitPython you're using and copy the contents of that directory to your **CIRCUITPY** drive. Your **CIRCUITPY** drive should now look similar to the following image: ![CIRCUITPY](https://adafruit.github.io/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/Pep_Talk_Generator_clue.png ) https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/Pep_Talk_Generator/clue/code.py ## Code run-through The first thing the code does is import all the required libraries. ```python import random from adafruit_clue import clue import displayio from adafruit_display_text import label, wrap_text_to_pixels from adafruit_bitmap_font import bitmap_font import board ``` Next, the code defines the four lists that will be used to generate the pep talks. ```python column_1 = [ "Champ, ", "Fact: ", "Everybody says ", "Dang... ", "Check it: ", "Just saying... ", "Superstar, ", "Tiger, ", "Self, ", "Know this: ", "News alert: ", "Girl, ", "Ace, ", "Excuse me but ", "Experts agree: ", "In my opinion, ", "Hear ye, hear ye: ", "Okay, listen up: ", ] column_2 = [ "the mere idea of you ", "your soul ", "your hair today ", "everything you do ", "your personal style ", "every thought you have ", "that sparkle in your eye ", "your presence here ", "what you got going on ", "the essential you ", "your life's journey ", "that saucy personality ", "your DNA ", "that brain of yours ", "your choice of attire ", "the way you roll ", "whatever your secret is ", "all of y'all ", ] column_3 = [ "has serious game, ", "rains magic, ", "deserves the Nobel Prize, ", "raises the roof, ", "breeds miracles, ", "is paying off big time, ", "shows mad skills, ", "just shimmers, ", "is a national treasure, ", "gets the party hopping, ", "is the next big thing, ", "roars like a lion, ", "is a rainbow factory, ", "is made of diamonds, ", "makes birds sing, ", "should be taught in school, ", "makes my world go 'round, ", "is 100% legit, ", ] column_4 = [ "24/7.", "can I get an amen?", "and that's a fact.", "so treat yourself.", "you feel me?", "that's just science.", "would I lie?", "for reals.", "mic drop.", "you hidden gem.", "snuggle bear.", "period.", "can I get an amen?", "now let's dance.", "high five.", "say it again!", "according to CNN.", "so get used to it.", ] ``` After creating the lists for the pep talks, the code loads the fonts. It also loads a few glyphs to make updating the display a bit quicker. ```python arial18 = bitmap_font.load_font("/fonts/Arial-18.bdf") arial12 = bitmap_font.load_font("/fonts/Arial-12.bdf") arial18.load_glyphs( "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789;,./?><=+[{]}-_" ) arial12.load_glyphs( "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789;,./?><=+[{]}-_" ) ``` Then, the display gets set up. The initial pep talk is generated and all the necessary bitmaps and text boxes are added to the display group which is then shown on the display. ```python display = board.DISPLAY clue_group = displayio.Group() bitmap_file = open("bmps/background.bmp", "rb") bitmap1 = displayio.OnDiskBitmap(bitmap_file) tile_grid = displayio.TileGrid( bitmap1, pixel_shader=getattr(bitmap1, "pixel_shader", displayio.ColorConverter()) ) clue_group.append(tile_grid) text = "\n".join( wrap_text_to_pixels( random.choice(column_1) + random.choice(column_2) + random.choice(column_3) + random.choice(column_4), 180, arial18, ) ) pep = label.Label( font=arial18, text=text, anchor_point=(0.5, 0.5), anchored_position=(120, 115), line_spacing=0.8, color=0x000000, ) clue_group.append(pep) title = label.Label( font=arial12, text="Pep talk generator", anchor_point=(0.5, 0.5), anchored_position=(120, 231), color=0x000000, ) clue_group.append(title) display.root_group = clue_group ``` Finally, the code loops through, waiting to see if the user presses one of the buttons on the front of the CLUE. If they do, it generates a new pep talk to display. ```python while True: if clue.button_a or clue.button_b: pep.text = "\n".join( wrap_text_to_pixels( random.choice(column_1) + random.choice(column_2) + random.choice(column_3) + random.choice(column_4), 180, arial18, ) ) ``` ## Featured Products ### Adafruit MagTag - 2.9" Grayscale E-Ink WiFi Display [Adafruit MagTag - 2.9" Grayscale E-Ink WiFi Display](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4800) The Adafruit MagTag combines the ESP32-S2 wireless module and a 2.9" grayscale E-Ink display to make a low-power IoT display that can show data on its screen even when power is removed! The ESP32-S2 is great because it builds on the years of code and support for the ESP32 and also adds... 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