All of the examples so far have outputted to the serial monitor. If you have a TFT Gizmo, we can use that instead to display information. That way you don't need to open a terminal to watch the serial output or be attached to a computer.
Let's adapt our basic notes program to output to the TFT Gizmo. Start by first going through this guide to get the TFT Gizmo setup and running:
We'll also use some special fonts for the display. Here's a zip file containing the font files. Both of these font files were created from the Mono MMM 5 font.
Download that zip file, unzip the contents, and add the two font files to your CIRCUITPY drive which shows up when your board is connected to your computer via a known good data + power USB cable.
Here's the complete code for displaying note info to the TFT Gizmo:
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Carter Nelson for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
import time
import array
import board
import busio
import audiobusio
import displayio
import fourwire
from adafruit_st7789 import ST7789
from adafruit_bitmap_font import bitmap_font
from adafruit_display_text import label
#---| User Configuration |---------------------------
SAMPLERATE = 16000
SAMPLES = 1024
THRESHOLD = 100
MIN_DELTAS = 5
DELAY = 0.2
# octave = 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
NOTES = { "C" : (33, 65, 131, 262, 523, 1047, 2093, 4186),
"D" : (37, 73, 147, 294, 587, 1175, 2349, 4699),
"E" : (41, 82, 165, 330, 659, 1319, 2637, 5274),
"F" : (44, 87, 175, 349, 698, 1397, 2794, 5588),
"G" : (49, 98, 196, 392, 785, 1568, 3136, 6272),
"A" : (55, 110, 220, 440, 880, 1760, 3520, 7040),
"B" : (62, 123, 247, 494, 988, 1976, 3951, 7902)}
#----------------------------------------------------
# Create a buffer to record into
samples = array.array('H', [0] * SAMPLES)
# Setup the mic input
mic = audiobusio.PDMIn(board.MICROPHONE_CLOCK,
board.MICROPHONE_DATA,
sample_rate=SAMPLERATE,
bit_depth=16)
# Setup TFT Gizmo
displayio.release_displays()
spi = busio.SPI(board.SCL, MOSI=board.SDA)
tft_cs = board.RX
tft_dc = board.TX
tft_backlight = board.A3
display_bus = fourwire.FourWire(spi, command=tft_dc, chip_select=tft_cs)
display = ST7789(display_bus, width=240, height=240, rowstart=80,
backlight_pin=tft_backlight, rotation=180)
# Setup the various text labels
note_font = bitmap_font.load_font("/monoMMM_5_90.bdf")
note_text = label.Label(note_font, text="A", color=0xFFFFFF)
note_text.x = 90
note_text.y = 100
oct_font = bitmap_font.load_font("/monoMMM_5_24.bdf")
oct_text = label.Label(oct_font, text=" ", color=0x00FFFF)
oct_text.x = 180
oct_text.y = 150
freq_font = oct_font
freq_text = label.Label(freq_font, text="f = 1234.5", color=0xFFFF00)
freq_text.x = 20
freq_text.y = 220
# Add everything to the display group
splash = displayio.Group()
splash.append(note_text)
splash.append(oct_text)
splash.append(freq_text)
display.root_group = splash
while True:
# Get raw mic data
mic.record(samples, SAMPLES)
# Compute DC offset (mean) and threshold level
mean = int(sum(samples) / len(samples) + 0.5)
threshold = mean + THRESHOLD
# Compute deltas between mean crossing points
# (this bit by Dan Halbert)
deltas = []
last_xing_point = None
crossed_threshold = False
for i in range(SAMPLES-1):
sample = samples[i]
if sample > threshold:
crossed_threshold = True
if crossed_threshold and sample < mean:
if last_xing_point:
deltas.append(i - last_xing_point)
last_xing_point = i
crossed_threshold = False
# Try again if not enough deltas
if len(deltas) < MIN_DELTAS:
continue
# Average the deltas
mean = sum(deltas) / len(deltas)
# Compute frequency
freq = SAMPLERATE / mean
print("crossings: {} mean: {} freq: {} ".format(len(deltas), mean, freq))
freq_text.text = "f = {:6.1f}".format(freq)
# Find corresponding note
for note in NOTES:
for octave, note_freq in enumerate(NOTES[note]):
if note_freq * 0.97 <= freq <= note_freq * 1.03:
print("Note: {}{}".format(note, octave + 1))
note_text.text = note
oct_text.text = "{}".format(octave + 1)
time.sleep(DELAY)
With this code running, try making some musical notes. Use either a musical instrument, like a recorder, or the tone generator website used previously.
It will display the note along with the octave (the subscript number). The actual frequency is also shown at the bottom:
Page last edited January 22, 2025
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