# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Overview
What's smaller than a Feather but larger than a Trinket? It's an **Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32** , a powerful processor PCB with a plethora of pins! It features the ESP32 Pico module, an FCC-certified module that contains an **ESP32 chip with dual-core 240MHz Tensilica processor** , **WiFi,** and **Bluetooth classic + BLE** , configured with **8 MB of Flash memory,** and **2 MB of PSRAM**.
We've added some handy accessories like a USB to serial converter chip, power regulator, USB Micro B, buttons, NeoPixel, and STEMMA QT I2C connector to outfit this superhero chip for any task you want to throw it at. This is also an **ultra low power ESP32 board** with a **deep sleep current consumption of 10uA**!
At the core of the Itsy is the ESP32 (PICO ECO V3) chip, which is a single 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi and Bluetooth combo chip designed with TSMC’s 40 nm low-power technology. The ESP32 PICO, in particular, integrates all peripheral components seamlessly, including a crystal oscillator, flash, PSRAM, filter capacitors, and RF matching links in one single package. This makes it perfect for stuffing into a small space as the ItsyBitsy.
**Please note** , like other ESP32 modules, the ItsyBitsy ESP32 does not have native USB support - instead, there's a USB to serial converter chip. This means it _cannot_ act like a USB keyboard or mouse, but it does have Bluetooth BLE and BT classic, so you can use it wirelessly.
Here are some of the updates you can look forward to when using ItsyBitsy ESP32:
- [Same size and form-factor as other ItsyBitsy mainboards](https://www.adafruit.com/?q=itsybitsy) - with a similar, but not identical, pinout (there are no pins at the end of the board like most other Itsy's due to the radio antenna being there).
- **USB Micro B** - To maintain compatibility with the rest of the ItsyBitsy's.
- **ESP32 V2 03 Dual Core 240MHz Xtensa processor** - the ESP32 you know and love, with the latest engineering fixes. Massive user base and thousands of existing projects and libraries to use.
- WiFi, Bluetooth LE, and BT Classic for any IoT project usage
- **8 MB Flash & 2 MB PSRAM**
- USB to Serial converter built-in with high-speed UART for debugging and uploading, auto-reset circuit works perfectly with any ESP32 uploading tool.
- Can be used with **Arduino IDE, CircuitPython** or **MicroPython.**
- **Built-in RGB NeoPixel LED** with power control to reduce quiescent power in deep sleep.
- **Built-in Red LED** on pin D13.
- **5V level-shifted output on D5** , perfect for driving NeoPixels or other devices that want a 5V logic signal.
- Battery input pads on the underside with diode protection for external battery packs up to 6V input
- **20 General Purpose "IO" pins:**
- 20 Pads expose pins from the ESP32:
3 are analog input only (A3, A4, A5)
1 is digital output only (5) with 5V level shifted up.
- 13 x 12-bit analog inputs (A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, D12, D13, D14, SDA, SCL, D32, D33).
- Dual 8-bit analog output DACs on A0/A1
- PWM outputs on any pin.
- I2C port with STEMMA QT plug-n-play connector - a second I2C port can be defined on any other pins.
- Hardware UART in addition to the USB-serial UART.
- Hardware SPI on the high speed SPI. peripheral pins - a second SPI port can be defined on any other pins.
- Hardware I2S on any pins.
- 8 x Capacitive Touch with no additional components required.
- 3.3V regulator with [**600mA peak output**](https://www.diodes.com/assets/Datasheets/AP2112.pdf).
- Light sleep at 4mA, deep sleep at ~10uA.
- **Reset switch** for starting your project code over, for entering bootloader mode or for user reading.
- **User switch** on pin 35.
- **Really small**
Each order comes with one assembled and tested ItsyBitsy ESP32 with headers that can be soldered in for use with a breadboard.
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Pinouts
The Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32 is jam-packed with pins, connectors and buttons. This page covers all the features!
PrettyPins PDF [on GitHub](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-ItsyBitsy-ESP32-PCB/blob/main/Adafruit_ItsyBitsy_ESP32_PrettyPinsPDF.pdf).
## Power Pins
The ItsyBitsy ESP32 has a Micro B USB connector on the left in the image above. This connector is used to power and program the board. Use a Micro B USB cable to plug the ItsyBitsy into your computer.
Along with the Micro B USB connector, the ItsyBitsy has eight power-related pins.
Along the top edge:
- **BAT** - battery _input_ for an alternative power source to USB, the voltage can only be from **3.5V to 6VDC**
- **G** - This is ground for power and data. There is a second ground pin available at the end of the bottom edge.
- **USB** - This is the same pin as the Micro B USB connector's 5V USB power pin. This should be used as an _output_ to get 5V power from the USB port.
You can always put any voltage from **3.5V to 6VDC** into **BAT** and the circuitry will switch between **BAT** and **USB** dynamically for you. That means you can have a Battery backup that only gets enabled when USB is disconnected.
If you want to add rechargeable power, a LiPoly backpack can be soldered into these three pins that will let you have a battery that is _automatically recharged_ whenever USB is plugged in, then switches to LiPoly when on the go:
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Along the bottom edge:
- **Rst** - This is the reset pin. Tie to ground to manually reset the board.
- **3.3V** - This pin is the regulated output from the onboard regulator. You can draw 500mA whether powered by USB or battery.
- **EN** - This pin is connected to the regulator enable. It will let you shut off power whether powered from BATtery or USB
- **VHi** - This is a special pin! It is a dual-Schottky diode connected output from **BAT** and **USB**. This means this will always have the higher-of-the-two voltages, but will always have power output. The voltage will be _about_ 5VDC when powered by USB, but can range from 3.5-6VDC when powered from battery. It's not regulated, but it is high-current, great for driving servos and NeoPixels.
- **GND** - This is ground for power and data.
## ESP32 Module
The processor on the ItsyBitsy ESP32 is an **ESP32 V2 03 Dual Core 240MHz Xtensa**. It's the ESP32 you know and love, with the latest engineering fixes. It has a massive user base and thousands of existing projects and libraries to use. WiFi, Bluetooth LE, and BT Classic for any IoT project usage with 8 MB Flash and 2 MB PSRAM.
## Logic Pins
The ItsyBitsy ESP32 has 20 general purpose "IO" pins. You can have a PWM output on any pin, as well as hardware I2S on any pin.
## Bottom Row
- **A0/GPIO25** - This is DAC1 (8-bit analog output). It uses ADC2.
- **A1/GPIO26** - This is also DAC2 (8-bit analog output). It uses ADC2.
- **A2/GPIO4** - It uses ADC2. One of the capacitive touch pins.
- **A3/GPIO38** - **It is input/ADC only**. It uses ADC1.
- **A4/GPIO37** - **It is input/ADC only**. It uses ADC1.
- **A5/GPIO36** - **It is input/ADC only**. It uses ADC2.
- **SCK/GPIO19** - This is the SPI clock pin.
- **MOSI/GPIO21** - This is the SPI Microcontroller Out / Serial In (MOSI) pin.
- **MISO/GPIO22** - This is the SPI Microcontroller In / Serial Out (MISO) pin.
## Top Row
- **D13/GPIO13** - It uses ADC2. This pin is shared with the built-in LED. One of the capacitive touch pins.
- **D12/GPIO12** - It uses ADC2. One of the capacitive touch pins.
- **D14/GPIO14** - It uses ADC2. One of the capacitive touch pins.
- **D33/GPIO33** - It uses ADC1. One of the capacitive touch pins.
- **D32/GPIO32** - It uses ADC1. One of the capacitive touch pins.
- **D7/GPIO7 - Digital input/output only.**
- **D5/GPIO5** - **D**** igital output only **. This is a special pin that is level-shifted up to** Vhi** voltage, so it's perfect for driving NeoPixels that want a ~5V logic level input.
- **SCL/GPIO27** - This is the I2C clock pin. One of the capacitive touch pins.
- **SDA/GPIO15** - This is the I2C data pin. One of the capacitive touch pins.
- **TX/GPIO20** - This is the UART TX (transmit) pin. Connect to the RX pin found on a breakout or device. This is separate than the 'debug UART' which is connected to the USB-to-Serial converter, so it will not interfere during upload. In Arduino, use `Serial1`. In CircuitPython, use `board.TX`.
- **RX/GPIO8** - This is the UART RX (receive) pin. Connect to the TX pin found on a breakout or device. This is separate than the 'debug UART' which is connected to the USB-to-Serial converter, so it will not interfere during upload. In Arduino, use `Serial1`. In CircuitPython, use `board.RX`.
Note you cannot read analog inputs on **ADC2** once WiFi has started, as it is shared with the WiFi hardware.
## STEMMA QT Connector
There is a 4-pin **STEMMA QT connector** in the center of the board. The I2C has pullups to 3.3V power.
The I2C pins are connected to GPIO15 (SDA) and GPIO27 (SCL). In Arduino, you can use the STEMMA connector with `Wire`. In CircuitPython, you can use the STEMMA connector with `board.SCL` and `board.SDA`, `board.I2C()` or `board.STEMMA_I2C()`.
## NeoPixel LED
In the center of the board, to the left of the ESP32 module, is the **NeoPixel**. This addressable RGB LED works both as a status LED (in CircuitPython and the bootloader), and can be controlled with code. It is connected to GPIO0 and is available in CircuitPython as `board.NEOPIXEL` and in Arduino as `PIN_NEOPIXEL`.
There is a NeoPixel power pin on GPIO2 that is necessary for the NeoPixel to work. This is so it can be fully de-powered for low power usage. It is available in CircuitPython as `board.NEOPIXEL_POWER` and in Arduino as `NEOPIXEL_POWER`.
## Buttons
There are two buttons on the ItsyBitsy ESP32:
- **User Switch** - This is a user readable button switch to use as an input, labeled **U** on the silk. You can read it on pin GPIO 35. Note this is an input-only pin. There is a pull-up on board. It is available in CircuitPython as `board.BUTTON`, and in Arduino as `BUTTON`.
- **Reset** - The reset button, labeled **Rst** on the silk, is used to reboot the board.
## Red LED
The onboard red LED is located directly below the BAT pin on the front of the board. It is connected to GPIO13 and can be controlled in code like any LED, set high to turn on. It is available in CircuitPython as `board.LED`, and Arduino as `LED_BUILTIN`.
## CH9102 USB-to-Serial Converter
The **CH9102F USB to serial converter** communicates between the ESP32 and your computer over USB. It can handle 50bps to 4Mbps max rate for debugging and uploading, with auto-reset circuit that works perfectly with any ESP32 uploading tool. Sometimes these chips require drivers to be installed on your computer's operating system. We have a [Learn Guide detailing how to install the driver for the CH9102F](https://learn.adafruit.com/how-to-install-drivers-for-wch-usb-to-serial-chips-ch9102f-ch9102).
## w.FL Antenna Port
The [Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32 with w.FL Antenna](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5890) comes with, you guessed it, a w.FL antenna port! **This is the only version that has the port!**
**It does NOT come with an antenna, you must purchase one separately.** Consider the **[WiFi Antenna with w.FL](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5445)** or **[a RP-SMA to w.FL adapter](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5444).**
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Low Power Use
This microcontroller board can be used for low power usage thanks to the ESP32's multiple sleep modes.
There are three basic operating states to Espressif chips: normal, light sleep and deep sleep.
**Normal power** usage is as you expect: you can use the chip and run code as you like - connecting to WiFi, reading sensors, etc.
**Light sleep** is sort of a 'hibernation' - power usage is minimal and WiFi is disconnected, but the internal clock and memory is kept. That means you can wake up where you left off, in the middle of the code as desired. You'll still need to re-initialize any external hardware that got disconnected, and WiFi, but it's often faster than waking from a deep sleep
**Deep sleep** is the lowest power but the tradeoff is that all memory and state is lost - the only thing that's running is the real time clock that can wake the chip up. When woken up, the chip starts as if it was physically reset - from the beginning of the code. This can be beneficial if you want to have a fresh start each time
A _rough_ guideline is:
- Normal power: 100mA+ can be as much power as need and spike during WiFi connection
- Light sleep: 2mA assuming all external hardware is de-powered
- Deep sleep: 100uA assuming all external hardware is de-powered
The Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32 has a `NEOPIXEL_POWER` pin that controls power to the NeoPixel LED. This pin is automatically pulled HIGH in both CircuitPython and Arduino. Disabling this pin by setting it to an output and LOW allows you to drop the power draw.
Here's a generic sketch we use for all our boards that has a macro-defined section for enabling and disabling all external powered elements. For example, if there's a power pin for NeoPixels, I2C port, TFT, etc...we turn that off before going into light or deep sleep! This will minimize power usage
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/Adafruit_ESP32_Arduino_Demos/ESP32_sleeptest/ESP32_sleeptest.ino
The best way to really test power draw is with a specialty power meter such as the Nordic PPK 2
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When running the above code and monitoring with a PPK, you'll get a graph like this:
The big pulse is normal mode, you can see the ESP32 booting up, loading code, and then pausing 1 second. Then there's a big drop for one sec to light sleep, and finally one more 1 second pause at deep sleep.
## Power Draw for ItsyBitsy ESP32
The following graphs show the power draw for the ItsyBitsy ESP32 in normal power mode, light sleep mode, and deep sleep mode.
### Normal Power Mode
The power draw, running normally (without WiFi), is 41.9mA.
### Light Sleep Mode
The power draw in light sleep mode is 1.97mA.
### Deep Sleep Mode
The power draw in deep sleep mode is 10.55uA.
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## CircuitPython Setup
[CircuitPython](https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython) is a derivative of [MicroPython](https://micropython.org) designed to simplify experimentation and education on low-cost microcontrollers. It makes it easier than ever to get prototyping by requiring no upfront desktop software downloads. ESP32 CircuitPython firmware is uploaded to the board via the USB serial port.
Follow this step-by-step to get CircuitPython running on your board.
## Driver Install
If this is your first time using an ESP32 board on Windows or MacOS, you may need to install the USB to serial drivers. There are two options for the USB to serial chipset on your board. If you are unsure which one you have, install both drivers.
For instructions and more information regarding the CH9102F chip and driver install, please visit the [How To Install Drivers for WCH USB to Serial Chips guide](https://learn.adafruit.com/how-to-install-drivers-for-wch-usb-to-serial-chips).
For driver downloads for the CP2104 and CP2012N, please visit the [Silicon Labs Downloads page](https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers?tab=downloads).
For those running Linux, the drivers are already included.
## CircuitPython Download
[Download the latest version of CircuitPython for this board via circuitpython.org](https://circuitpython.org/board/adafruit_itsybitsy_esp32/)
**Click the link above to download the latest CircuitPython .bin file.**
Save it wherever is convenient for you.
## Connecting to the Web Flasher
To begin, **plug your board into your computer via USB, using** **a known-good data-sync cable** , directly, or via an adapter if needed.
**You will have to use Firefox 151 or later, Chrome or a Chromium-based browser to install CircuitPython.** [For example, Edge and Opera are Chromium based](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium_(web_browser)).
Safari and some other browsers etc. are _not_ supported - [they have not implemented Web Serial](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Serial#browser_compatibility)!
In the **Chrome browser** visit [https://adafruit.github.io/Adafruit\_WebSerial\_ESPTool/](https://adafruit.github.io/Adafruit_WebSerial_ESPTool/)
The main page of the ESP Web Flasher should look something like this.
Note: The site now displays an alert that it is no longer maintained, and suggests using a different option. The ESP Web Flasher has still proven to be more consistent and easier to use, so it is highly suggested that you continue with this version.
**You should remove all other USB devices so** **_only_ the target board is attached.** This eliminates confusion over multiple ports!
Press the **Connect** button in the top right of the web browser. You will get a pop up asking you to select the COM or Serial port. Look for **USB Single Serial**.
On some systems, such as MacOS, there may be additional system ports that appear in the list (as shown in the image).
The Javascript code will now try to connect to the board. It may timeout for a bit until it succeeds. On success, you will see that it is **Connected** and will print out a unique **MAC address** identifying the board along with other information that was detected.
Once you have successfully connected, the command toolbar will appear.
## Erasing the Board Contents
If you would like to erase the entire flash area so that you can start with a clean slate, you can use the erase feature. We recommend doing this every time before installing or updating CircuitPython.
To erase the contents, click the **Erase** button. You will be prompted as to whether you want to continue. Click **OK** to continue. If you do not wish to continue, click Cancel.
You'll see "Erasing flash memory. Please wait..." This will eventually be followed by "Finished." and the amount of time it took to erase.
**Do not disconnect!** Immediately continue on to Programming the Board.
Warning:
## Programming the Board
You can click on **Choose a file...** from any of the available buttons. It will only attempt to program buttons with a file and a unique location. Select the **.bin** file you downloaded at the beginning of this page from the file chooser dialogue.
Verify that the **Offset** box next to the file location you used is 0x0. The offset defaults to 0x0, so unless you changed it manually, it should be good to go.
Once you choose a file, the button text will change to match your filename. You can then click the **Program** button to start flashing.
A progress bar will appear and after a minute or two, you will have written the firmware.
You've now successfully programmed CircuitPython onto your board! As suggested in the output, press reset to run the new firmware.
As the ESP32 does not have native USB, no USB drive will show up on your computer when you reset. With CircuitPython firmware loaded, the REPL can be accessed over a serial/COM port.
For more details on installation, how to configure your ESP32, and info on getting started with CircuitPython on your ESP32 using the Web Workflow, check out the [CircuitPython on ESP32 Quick Start guide](https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-with-esp32-quick-start).
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Setting up Web Workflow
Web workflow is enabled when a file named **settings.toml** is added to the root folder of the CircuitPython file system. This file contains local wifi info and other settings. [More info here](https://docs.circuitpython.org/en/latest/docs/workflows.html#web).
Now, normally creating a file is super easy when the board shows up as a disk drive...but as mentioned before, that's not possible on the original ESP32 because it does not have native USB so it cannot show up as a disk drive. So we have to be a little more creative!
To start out, the minimal contents of this file are:
```auto
CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "wifissid"
CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "wifipassword"
CIRCUITPY_WEB_API_PASSWORD= "webpassword"
```
with each item updated with local specifics.
- `wifissid` - replace with local wifi network name
- `wifipassword` - replace with local wifi network password
- `webpassword` - used when connecting to the board via web browser, set to whatever
There are a couple of options for creating this file.
Info: Creating the **settings.toml** file will also enable the WiFi hardware, which may be off by default.
## Option 1: Create **settings.toml** file via REPL
The **settings.toml** file is simple enough that it can be created with a few simple Python commands directly via the REPL.
[What is the REPL?](https://learn.adafruit.com/welcome-to-circuitpython/the-repl)
Here are the basic commands to use. **Note these need to be updated with local WiFi specifics**. **Note also where double quotes and single quotes are used.**
```python
f = open('settings.toml', 'w')
f.write('CIRCUITPY_WIFI_SSID = "wifissid"\n')
f.write('CIRCUITPY_WIFI_PASSWORD = "wifipassword"\n')
f.write('CIRCUITPY_WEB_API_PASSWORD = "webpassword"\n')
f.close()
```
- Replace `wifissid` with the name of your local WiFi network
- Replace `wifipassword` with your local WiFi password
- The other password, `webpassword`, is used when you access the board via a web browser. Set this to whatever you want.
If you have a terminal program like PuTTY, minicom, screen or similar and you know how to use them - connect to the ESP32 board at the correct port name and 115200 baud
Once connected, you can press the **Reset** button to kick the firmware, then hit return a few times to get to the REPL prompt. Now you can copy and paste the lines above (with your correct SSID/password!
Don't forget, ESP32 does not support 5 GHz networks, so use your 2.4 GHz SSID if you have two.
Now press the **Reset** button again, you will see the ESP32 reboot. This time, it should get an IP address. If you have a fairly smart terminal program, the IP address will appear in the title bar.
Alternatively, or if you want more details - you can always query the board over the REPL to ask it the MAC address and IP address:
```auto
import wifi
print("My MAC addr: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X" % tuple(wifi.radio.mac_address))
print("My IP address is", wifi.radio.ipv4_address)
```
If that's not working either, try asking what SSIDs it _thinks_ it's seeing to make sure you have no typos!
```auto
import wifi
print("Available WiFi networks:")
for n in wifi.radio.start_scanning_networks():
print("\t%s\t\tRSSI: %d\tChannel: %d" % (str(n.ssid, "utf-8"), n.rssi, n.channel))
wifi.radio.stop_scanning_networks()
```
Note that since this code has an indented part in it, you shouldn't just paste it in directly into the REPL because it won't handle the tab/spaces correctly. Instead, once you hit **Return** to get to the REPL, type in **Control-E** to enter _paste mode_ . Then paste in the text and type **Control-D ** to finish and run
Check that your SSID appears properly - if not, maybe its 5 GHz, maybe its not typed correctly, etc!
## Option 2: Create **settings.toml** file using Thonny
This option requires installing additional software - the [Thonny Python IDE](https://thonny.org/). Thonny provides file access and a text editor which makes creating the **settings.toml** file a little more streamlined than using direct REPL commands. **This technique requires Thonny 4.0.0 or later.**
In Thonny, open the **Tools -\> Options** dialog and select the **Interpreter** tab.
Set interpreter to CircuitPython (generic) and the COM port as needed.
Enter the file contents in the editor window. Update `wifissid` etc. as needed.
Click save.
Select **CircuitPython Device**
Save the file as **settings.toml**.
Now the **settings.toml** file shows up on the CircuitPython device.
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Connecting via Web Browser
Once the web workflow is enabled and the board connects to the local wifi network with an IP address, the board can be accessed by opening a web browser and entering the board's network address. But what is the address to enter?
## Connect using MDNS Address
The CircuitPython web workflow uses [MDNS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicast_DNS) so that connecting to the board can be as simple as using the address `circuitpython.local`. Try using that first and if it works, great. Open a web browser and navigate to:
```auto
http://circuitpython.local
```
Or just click the button below:
[circuitpython.local](http://circuitpython.local)
## Connect using IP Address
If MDNS does not work for some reason, the fallback approach is to use the actual IP address, like `192.168.0.121`, the CircuitPython board was assigned when it connected to the local wifi network.
```auto
http://192.168.0.121
```
There are several options for determining this address.
### Terminal Window Title Bar
The web workflow serial output includes some special escape sequences that are intended to update the window title bar of the terminal program being used.
For example, here's what a terminal window running screen to connect to the board looks like:
### Via REPL
The IP address can be obtained fairly easily via the REPL with a few commands:
```python
>>> import wifi
>>> wifi.radio.ipv4_address
192.168.0.121
>>>
```
### Serial output in Thonny
In Thonny, look for the IP address in the banner text of the serial output in the Shell window.
Note the **settings.toml** file has been added to the CircuitPython device.
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Using Web Workflow
## Welcome! Page
This is the initial page seen when first connecting.
Launch a web browser and navigate to `circuitpython.local` **OR** the numeric IP address like `192.168.0.121`
The browser should find the board and show the **Welcome!** screen.
## Password Entry
When first accessing things from the **Welcome!** page, a password must be entered.
Enter the password that was setup for `CIRCUITPY_WEB_API_PASSWORD` in the **settings.toml** file.
**Leave Username blank.**
## Serial Terminal
From the Welcome! page, click the **serial terminal** link to access the serial output as well as REPL for entering commands.
The serial window initially looks blank.
Commands can be entered in the input field at the bottom.
The results will be shown above and scroll up.
## File Browser
From the Welcome! page, click the **file browser** link on the Welcome! page to access files and folders.
The files and folders should show up.
There are buttons for various actions.
For example, click the **Edit** button for **code.py** bring up a simple editor to allow changing the contents.
Library files and folders from the [Bundle](https://circuitpython.org/libraries) can be uploaded to the **/lib** folder using the **Browse...** buttons.
There's a separate button for files and folders (directories).
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## NeoPixel Example
Here's a simple example showing how to blink the on board NeoPixel of either the Feather ESP32 V2 or the QT PY ESP32 Pico. It covers addings a library file, **neopixel.mpy** , as well as editting **code.py** directly in the browser.
## Adding a Library File
Follow these steps to add **neopixel.mpy** to the **/lib** folder.
From the main Welcome! screen, click on the **file browser** link.
Now click the **lib** folder link to navigate into the **/lib** folder.
We need to navigate first, since uploaded files will go into the current directory location.
Now click the first **Browse...** button (for files) to bring up a file explorer window.
Navigate to where you've downloaded the [CircuitPython Library Bundle](https://circuitpython.org/libraries) and select the **neopixel.mpy** file.
Then click **OK** , or **Open** , or whatever your file window shows.
After uploading, the **neopixel.mpy** file will be shown in the **/lib** folder.
## Edit code.py
Follow these steps to write a simple NeoPixel blink example and save it as **code.py** so it will run automatically.
From the previous step, click the two little **..** to go back up one level in the folders.
Now click the **Edit** button on the **code.py** line.
Here's the simple example code used:
```python
import time
import board
import neopixel
pixels = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.NEOPIXEL, 1)
while True:
pixels.fill(0xADAF00)
time.sleep(1)
pixels.fill(0)
time.sleep(1)
```
Replace the contents of **code.py** with the code listing shown (can copy from above).
Make sure it matches what is shown - no indent errors, etc. Then click the **Save** button.
The page will remain, but the status code should change.
At this point the code should be running and the onboard NeoPixel should be blinking.
There may be a small delay after hitting the Save button before the could actually runs.
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## I2C Scan Test
Here's a simple example showing how to scan for any I2C devices that are connected to the ItsyBitsy ESP32 using [Web Workflow](http://circuitpython.local). You'll connect an MCP9808 I2C sensor to the ItsyBitsy ESP32 for testing.
Featured
### Adafruit MCP9808 High Accuracy I2C Temperature Sensor Breakout
[Adafruit MCP9808 High Accuracy I2C Temperature Sensor Breakout](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027)
The MCP9808 digital temperature sensor is one of the more accurate/precise we've ever seen, with a typical accuracy of ±0.25°C over the sensor's -40°C to +125°C range and precision of +0.0625°C. They work great with any microcontroller using standard I2C. With...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/5027/guides)
Featured
### STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-Pin Cable - 50mm Long
[STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-Pin Cable - 50mm Long](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4399)
This 4-wire cable is 50mm / 1.9" long and fitted with JST SH female 4-pin connectors on both ends. Compared with the chunkier JST PH these are 1mm pitch instead of 2mm, but still have a nice latching feel, while being easy to insert and remove.
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4399)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4399/guides)
## Wiring
Plug a **STEMMA QT to STEMMA QT cable** into **the port on the ItsyBitsy ESP32** and **a port on the MCP9808 breakout**.
## Download the Project Bundle
In the example below, click the **Download Project Bundle** button to download the necessary Python file in a zip file. Then, extract the contents of the zip file. For this example, no additional libraries are needed.
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/I2C_Scanners/circuitpython/code.py
## Upload the Project Bundle with Web Workflow
Follow these steps to add the **code.py** file from the Project Bundle to the ItsyBitsy ESP32 with [Web Workflow](http://circuitpython.local).
From the main Welcome! screen, click on the **file browser** link.
Click the first **Browse...** button (for files) to bring up a file explorer window.
Navigate to where you downloaded the Project Bundle and select the **code.py** file. Click **Open** to upload the file to the device.
When the file has successfully uploaded, you'll see **"Uploaded 1 out of 1 files"** appear below the directory listing.
Your code will immediately start running. To see the serial output, you can head back to the main Welcome! screen by clicking on **Blinka** (the purple snake).
On the Welcome! screen, click on the **serial terminal** link. This will take you to the serial terminal window.
On the serial terminal screen, you should see an I2C device at address `0x18`. This means that the I2C scan detected the MCP9808 I2C device
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## CircuitPython WiFi Test
Here's an example testing WiFi connectivity with the ItsyBitsy ESP32 with [Web Workflow](http://circuitpython.local).
## Download the Project Bundle
In the example below, click the **Download Project Bundle** button to download the necessary library and Python files in a zip file. Then, extract the contents of the zip file.
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/ItsyBitsy/ItsyBitsy_ESP32_ProductGuide/CircuitPython_WiFi_Test/code.py
## Upload the Project Bundle with Web Workflow
Follow these steps to add the **/lib** folder and **code.py** file from the Project Bundle to the ItsyBitsy ESP32 with [Web Workflow](http://circuitpython.local).
From the main Welcome! screen, click on the **file browser** link.
Click the second **Browse...** button (for folders) to bring up a file explorer window.
Navigate to where you downloaded the Project Bundle and select the **/lib** folder. Click **Upload** to upload the folder to the device.
You'll be prompted in the browser to confirm that you want to upload the folder. Click **Upload** to proceed.
When the **/lib** folder has been successfully uploaded, you will see a message below the file directory that says **"Uploaded 2 of 2"**.
Now you'll upload the **code.py** file. Click the first **Browse...** button (for files) to bring up a file explorer window.
Navigate to where you downloaded the Project Bundle and select the **code.py** file. Click **Open** to upload the file to the device.
When the file has successfully uploaded, you'll see **"Uploaded 1 out of 1 files"** appear below the directory listing.
Your code will immediately start running. To see the serial output, you can head back to the main Welcome! screen by clicking on **Blinka** (the purple snake).
On the Welcome! screen, click on the **serial terminal** link. This will take you to the serial terminal window.
On the serial terminal screen, click the small **D button** to send a Ctrl+D message to the ItsyBitsy ESP32. This will give it a soft reboot to re-run the code. When the code runs, you'll see the WiFi test output.
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Arduino IDE Setup
You need to install the right USB-to-serial driver for your chip in addition to the Arduino IDE. If you are unsure which is the right one, install both!
### Install Arduino IDE
The first thing you will need to do is to download the latest release of the Arduino IDE. You will need to be using **version 1.8** or higher for this guide
[Arduino IDE Download](http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software)
### Install CP2104 / CP2102N USB Driver
The USB-to-Serial converter that talks to the ESP32 chip itself will need a driver on your computer's operating system. The driver is available for Mac and Windows. It is already built into Linux.
[Click here to download the CP2104 USB Driver](http://www.silabs.com/products/development-tools/software/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers)
### Install CH9102 / CH34X USB Driver
Newer ESP32 boards have a different USB-to-serial converter that talks to the chip itself, and will need a driver on your computer's operating system. The driver is available for Mac and Windows. It is already built into Linux.
If you would like more detail, check out [the guide on installing these drivers](https://learn.adafruit.com/how-to-install-drivers-for-wch-usb-to-serial-chips).
[Click here to download the Windows driver](http://www.wch-ic.com/downloads/CH341SER_ZIP.html)
[Click here to download the Mac driver](http://www.wch-ic.com/downloads/CH34XSER_MAC_ZIP.html)
### Install ESP32 Board Support Package
After you have downloaded and installed ** the latest version of Arduino IDE** , you will need to start the IDE and navigate to the **Preferences** menu. You can access it from the **File** menu in _Windows_ or _Linux_, or the **Arduino** menu on _OS X_.
A dialog will pop up just like the one shown below.
We will be adding a URL to the new **Additional Boards Manager URLs** option. The list of URLs is comma separated, and _you will only have to add each URL once._ New Adafruit boards and updates to existing boards will automatically be picked up by the Board Manager each time it is opened. The URLs point to index files that the Board Manager uses to build the list of available & installed boards.
To find the most up to date list of URLs you can add, you can visit the list of [third party board URLs on the Arduino IDE wiki](https://github.com/arduino/Arduino/wiki/Unofficial-list-of-3rd-party-boards-support-urls#list-of-3rd-party-boards-support-urls). We will only need to add one URL to the IDE in this example, but _ **you can add multiple URLS by separating them with commas** _. Copy and paste the link below into the **Additional Boards Manager URLs** option in the Arduino IDE preferences.
`https://raw.githubusercontent.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/gh-pages/package_esp32_dev_index.json`
If you have multiple boards you want to support, say ESP8266 and Adafruit, have both URLs in the text box separated by a comma (,)
Once done click **OK** to save the new preference settings.
The next step is to actually install the Board Support Package (BSP). Go to the **Tools → Board → Board Manager** submenu. A dialog should come up with various BSPs. Search for **esp32**.
Click the **Install** button and wait for it to finish. Once it is finished, you can close the dialog.
In the **Tools → Board** submenu you should see **ESP32 Arduino** and in that dropdown it should contain the ESP32 boards along with all the latest ESP32 boards.
Look for the board called Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32.
The upload speed can be changed: faster speed makes uploads take less time but sometimes can cause upload issues. **921600** should work fine, but if you're having issues, you can drop down lower.
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Blink
The first and most basic program you can upload to your Arduino is the classic Blink sketch. This takes something on the board and makes it, well, blink! On and off. It's a great way to make sure everything is working and you're uploading your sketch to the right board and right configuration.
When all else fails, you can always come back to Blink!
# Pre-Flight Check: Get Arduino IDE & Hardware Set Up
This lesson assumes you have Arduino IDE set up. This is a generalized checklist, some elements may not apply to your hardware. If you haven't yet, check the previous steps in the guide to make sure you:
- **Install the very latest Arduino IDE for Desktop** (not all boards are supported by the Web IDE so we don't recommend it)
- **Install any board support packages (BSP) required for your hardware.** Some boards are built in defaults on the IDE, but lots are not! You may need to install plug-in support which is called the BSP.
- **Get a Data/Sync USB cable for connecting your hardware.** A _significant_ amount of problems folks have stem from not having a USB cable with data pins. Yes, these cursed cables roam the land, making your life hard. If you find a USB cable that doesn't work for data/sync, _throw it away immediately_! There is no need to keep it around, cables are very inexpensive these days.
- **Install any drivers required** - If you have a board with a FTDI or CP210x chip, you may need to get separate drivers. If your board has native USB, it probably doesn't need anything. After installing, reboot to make sure the driver sinks in.
- **Connect the board to your computer.** If your board has a power LED, make sure it's lit. Is there a power switch? Make sure its turned On!
The ItsyBitsy ESP32 has no power LED or power switch.
# Start up Arduino IDE and Select Board/Port
OK now you are prepared! Open the Arduino IDE on your computer. Now you have to tell the IDE what board you are using, and how you want to connect to it.
In the IDE find the **Tools** menu. You will use this to select the board. If you switch boards, you _must switch the selection!_ So always double-check before you upload code in a new session.
# New Blink Sketch
OK lets make a new blink sketch! From the **File** menu, select **New**
Then in the new window, copy and paste this text:
```auto
int led = LED_BUILTIN;
void setup() {
// Some boards work best if we also make a serial connection
Serial.begin(115200);
// set LED to be an output pin
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
// Say hi!
Serial.println("Hello!");
digitalWrite(led, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
delay(500); // wait for a half second
digitalWrite(led, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
delay(500); // wait for a half second
}
```
Info:
One note you'll see is that we reference the LED with the constant `LED_BUILTIN` rather than a number. That's because, historically, the built in LED was on pin 13 for Arduinos. But in the decades since, boards don't always have a pin 13, or maybe it could not be used for an LED. So the LED could have moved to another pin. It's best to use `LED_BUILTIN` so you don't get the pin number confused!
The red LED on the ItsyBitsy ESP32 is available as `LED_BUILTIN`, as well as `13`.
# Verify (Compile) Sketch
OK now you can click the Verify button to convert the sketch into binary data to be uploaded to the board.
Note that Verifying a sketch is the same as Compiling a sketch - so we will use the words interchangeably
During verification/compilation, the computer will do a bunch of work to collect all the libraries and code and the results will appear in the bottom window of the IDE
If something went wrong with compilation, you will get red warning/error text in the bottom window letting you know what the error was. It will also highlight the line with an error
For example, here I had the wrong board selected - and the selected board does not have a built in LED!
Here's another common error, in my haste I forgot to add a `;` at the end of a line. The compiler warns me that it's looking for one - note that the error is actually a few lines up!
Info: Turning on detailed compilation warnings and output can be very helpful sometimes - It's in Preferences under "Show Verbose Output During:" and check the Compilation button. If you ever need to get help from others, be sure to do this and then provide all the text that is output. It can assist in determining what happened!
On success you will see something like this white text output and the message **Done compiling.** in the message area.
# Upload Sketch
Once the code is verified/compiling cleanly you can upload it to your board. Click the **Upload** button
The IDE will try to compile the sketch again for good measure, then it will try to connect to the board and upload a the file.
**This is actually one of the hardest parts for beginners because it's where a lot of things can go wrong.**
However, lets start with what it looks like on success! Here's what your board upload process looks like when it goes right:
Often times you will get a warning like this, which is kind of vague:
`No device found on COM66` (or whatever port is selected)
`An error occurred while uploading the sketch`
This could be a few things.
First up, **check again that you have the correct board selected!** Many electronics boards have very similar names or look, and often times folks grab a board different from what they thought.
Second, **make sure you selected the right port!** If you have the wrong port or no port selected, Arduino doesn't know where to look for your board.
If both of those are correct, the next step is to enable verbose upload messages.
Before continuing we _really really_ suggest turning on **Verbose Upload** messages, it will help in this process because you will be able to see what the IDE is trying to do. It's a checkbox in the **Preferences** menu.
Now you can try uploading again!
This time, you should have success!
After uploading this way, be sure to **click the reset button** - it sort of makes sure that the board got a good reset and will come back to life nicely.
# Finally, a Blink!
OK it was a journey but now we're here and you can enjoy your blinking LED. Next up, try to change the delay between blinks and re-upload. It's a good way to make sure your upload process is smooth and practiced.
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## I2C Scan Test
A lot of sensors, displays, and devices can connect over I2C. I2C is a 2-wire 'bus' that allows multiple devices to all connect on one set of pins so it's very convenient for wiring!
When using your board, you'll probably want to connect up I2C devices, and it can be a little tricky the first time. The best way to debug I2C is go through a checklist and then perform an I2C scan
# Common I2C Connectivity Issues
- **Have you connected four wires (at a minimum) for each I2C device?** Power the device with whatever is the logic level of your microcontroller board (probably 3.3V), then a ground wire, and a SCL clock wire, and and a SDA data wire.
- **If you're using a STEMMA QT board - check if the power LED is lit.** It's usually a green LED to the left side of the board.
- **Does the STEMMA QT/I2C port have switchable power or pullups?** To reduce power, some boards have the ability to cut power to I2C devices or the pullup resistors. Check the documentation if you have to do something special to turn on the power or pullups.
- **If you are using a DIY I2C device, do you have pullup resistors?** Many boards do _not_ have pullup resistors built in and they are _required!_ We suggest any common 2.2K to 10K resistors. You'll need two: one each connects from SDA to positive power, and SCL to positive power. Again, positive power (a.k.a VCC, VDD or V+) is often 3.3V
- **Do you have an address collision?** You can only have _one_ board per address. So you cannot, say, connect two AHT20's to one I2C port because they have the same address and will interfere. Check the sensor or documentation for the address. Sometimes there are ways to adjust the address.
- **Does your board have multiple I2C ports?** Historically, boards only came with one. But nowadays you can have two or even three! This can help solve the "hey, but what if I want two devices with the same address" problem: just put one on each bus.
- **Are you hot-plugging devices?** I2C does _not_ support dynamic re-connection, you cannot connect and disconnect sensors as you please. They should all be connected on boot and not change. ([Only exception is if you're using a hot-plug assistant but that'll cost you](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5159)).
- **Are you keeping the total bus length reasonable?** I2C was designed for maybe 6" max length. We like to push that with plug-n-play cables, but really please keep them as short as possible! ([Only exception is if you're using an active bus extender](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4756)).
The ItsyBitsy ESP32 does **not** have I2C pullup resistors - make sure any sensor you attach to the I2C port has resistors or add them yourself.
# Perform an I2C scan!
### Install TestBed Library
To scan I2C, the Adafruit TestBed library is used. This library and example just makes the scan a little easier to run because it takes care of some of the basics. You will need to add support by installing the library. Good news: it is _very easy_ to do it. Go to the **Arduino Library Manager.**
Search for **TestBed** and install the **Adafruit TestBed** library
Now open up the I2C Scan example
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/I2C_Scanners/arduino/i2c_scanner/i2c_scanner.ino
### Wire up I2C device
While the examples here will be using the [Adafruit MCP9808](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027), a high accuracy temperature sensor, the overall process is the same for just about any I2C sensor or device.
The first thing you'll want to do is get the sensor connected so your board has I2C to talk to.
Featured
### Adafruit MCP9808 High Accuracy I2C Temperature Sensor Breakout
[Adafruit MCP9808 High Accuracy I2C Temperature Sensor Breakout](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027)
The MCP9808 digital temperature sensor is one of the more accurate/precise we've ever seen, with a typical accuracy of ±0.25°C over the sensor's -40°C to +125°C range and precision of +0.0625°C. They work great with any microcontroller using standard I2C. With...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/5027/guides)
Featured
### STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-Pin Cable - 50mm Long
[STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-Pin Cable - 50mm Long](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4399)
This 4-wire cable is 50mm / 1.9" long and fitted with JST SH female 4-pin connectors on both ends. Compared with the chunkier JST PH these are 1mm pitch instead of 2mm, but still have a nice latching feel, while being easy to insert and remove.
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4399)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4399/guides)
## Wiring the MCP9808
The MCP9808 comes with a STEMMA QT connector, which makes wiring it up quite simple and solder-free.
Plug a **STEMMA QT to STEMMA QT cable** into **the port on the ItsyBitsy ESP32** and **a port on the MCP9808 breakout**.
Now upload the scanning sketch to your microcontroller and open the serial port to see the output. You should see something like this:
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## WiFi Test
Thanksfully if you have ESP32 sketches, they'll 'just work' with variations of ESP32. You can find a wide range of examples in the **File-\>Examples-\>Examples for Adafruit Metro ESP32-S2** subheading (the name of the board may vary so it could be **"Examples for Adafruit Feather ESP32 V2"** etc)
Let's start by scanning the local networks.
**Load up the WiFiScan example** under **Examples-\>Examples for YOUR BOARDNAME-\>WiFi-\>WiFiScan**
And **upload this example to your board**. The ESP32 should scan and find WiFi networks around you.
For ESP32, open the serial monitor, to see the scan begin.
For ESP32-S2, -S3 and -C3, don't forget you have to click Reset after uploading through the ROM bootloader. Then select the new USB Serial port created by the ESP32. It will take a few seconds for the board to complete the scan.
If you can not scan any networks, check your power supply. You need a solid power supply in order for the ESP32 to not brown out. A skinny USB cable or drained battery can cause issues.
## WiFi Connection Test
Now that you can scan networks around you, its time to connect to the Internet!
Copy the example below and paste it into the Arduino IDE:
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/ESP32_S2_WiFi_Tests/WiFiWebClient/WiFiWebClient.ino
**NOTE:** You must **change the `SECRET_SSID` and `SECRET_PASS` in the example code to your WiFi SSID and password** before uploading this to your board.
After you've set it correctly, upload and check the serial monitor. You should see the following. If not, go back, check wiring, power and your SSID/password
Warning: If you have a newer QT Py ESP32-S3 and experience WiFi issues, you can try changing the WiFi TX power from the default 20 dBm to 15 dBm. You can do this in `setup()` with:
`WiFi.setTxPower(WIFI_POWER_15dBm);`
and confirm it with:
`WiFi.getTxPower();`
## Secure Connection Example
Many servers today do not allow non-SSL connectivity. Lucky for you the ESP32 has a great TLS/SSL stack so you can have that all taken care of for you. Here's an example of a using a secure WiFi connection to connect to the Twitter API.
Copy and paste it into the Arduino IDE:
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/ESP32_S2_WiFi_Tests/WiFiSSLClient/WiFiSSLClient.ino
As before, **update the ssid and password first** , then upload the example to your board.
Note we use `WiFiClientSecure client` instead of `WiFiClient client;` to require a SSL connection!
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## WipperSnapper Setup
Warning:
## What is WipperSnapper
WipperSnapper is a firmware designed to turn any WiFi-capable board into an Internet-of-Things device without programming a single line of code. WipperSnapper connects to [Adafruit IO](https://io.adafruit.com/), a web platform designed ([by Adafruit!](https://www.adafruit.com/about)) to _display_, _respond_, and _interact_ with your project's data.
Simply load the WipperSnapper firmware onto your board, add credentials, and plug it into power. Your board will automatically register itself with your Adafruit IO account.
From there, you can add _components_ to your board such as buttons, switches, potentiometers, sensors, and more! Components are _dynamically _added to hardware, so you can immediately start interacting, logging, and streaming the data your projects produce without writing code.
## Sign up for Adafruit.io
You will need an Adafruit IO account to use WipperSnapper on your board. If you do not already have one, head over to [io.adafruit.com](https://io.adafruit.com/) to create a _free_ account.
## Install USB Driver
### Install CP2104 / CP2102N USB Driver
Many ESP32 boards have a USB-to-Serial converter that talks to the chip itself, and will need a driver on your computer's operating system. The driver is available for Mac, Windows, and Linux.
[Click here to download the CP2104/CP2102N driver](http://www.silabs.com/products/development-tools/software/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers)
### Install CH9102 / CH34X USB Driver
Newer ESP32 boards have a different USB-to-serial converter that talks to the chip itself, and will need a driver on your computer's operating system. The driver is available for Mac and Windows. It is already built into Linux.
If you would like more detail, check out [the guide on installing these drivers](https://learn.adafruit.com/how-to-install-drivers-for-wch-usb-to-serial-chips).
[Click here to download the Windows driver](http://www.wch-ic.com/downloads/CH341SER_ZIP.html)
[Click here to download the Mac driver](http://www.wch-ic.com/downloads/CH34XSER_MAC_ZIP.html)
## Add a New Device to Adafruit IO
Log into your [Adafruit IO](https://io.adafruit.com/) account. Click the _New Device_ button at the top of the page.
After clicking New Device, you should be on the _board selector_ page. This page displays every board that is compatible with the WipperSnapper firmware.
In the board selector page's search bar, search for the _ItsyBitsy ESP32__. _Once you've located the board you'd like to install WipperSnapper on,_ _click the _Choose Board_ button to bring you to the self-guided installation wizard.
Follow the step-by-step instructions on the page to install Wippersnapper on your device and connect it to Adafruit IO.
If the installation was successful, a popover should appear displaying that your board has successfully been detected by Adafruit IO.
Give your board a name and click "Continue to Device Page".
You should be brought to your board's device page.
## Feedback
Adafruit.io WipperSnapper is in **beta** and you can help improve it!
If you have suggestions or general feedback about the installation process - visit [https://io.adafruit.com/support](https://io.adafruit.com/support), click _"Contact Adafruit IO Support"_ and select _"I have feedback or suggestions for the WipperSnapper Beta"._
## Troubleshooting
If you encountered an issue during installation, please try the steps below first.
If you're still unable to resolve the issue, or if your issue is not listed below, get in touch with us directly at [https://io.adafruit.com/support](https://io.adafruit.com/support "https://io.adafruit.com/support"). Make sure to click _"Contact Adafruit IO Support"_ and select "_There is an issue with WipperSnapper. Something is broken!"_
###
First, make sure that you selected the correct board on the board selector.
Next, please make sure that you entered your WiFi credentials properly, there are no spaces/special characters in either your network name (SSID) or password, and that you are connected to a 2.4GHz wireless network.
If you're still unable to connect your board to WiFi, please [make a new post on the WipperSnapper technical support forum with the error you're experiencing, the LED colors which are blinking, and the board you're using.](https://forums.adafruit.com/viewforum.php?f=66)
###
Try hard-resetting your board by unplugging it from USB power and plugging it back in.
If the error is still occurring, please [make a new post on the WipperSnapper technical support forum with information about what you're experiencing, the LED colors which are blinking (if applicable), and the board you're using.](https://forums.adafruit.com/viewforum.php?f=66)
## "Uninstalling" WipperSnapper
WipperSnapper firmware is an application that is loaded onto your board. There is nothing to "uninstall". However, you may want to "move" your board from running WipperSnapper to running Arduino or CircuitPython. You also may need to restore your board to the state it was shipped to you from the Adafruit factory.
### Moving from WipperSnapper to CircuitPython
Follow the steps on the [Installing CircuitPython page](https://learn.adafruit.com/welcome-to-circuitpython/installing-circuitpython) to install CircuitPython on your board running WipperSnapper.
- If you are unable to double-tap the RST button to enter the UF2 bootloader, follow the _"Factory Resetting a WipperSnapper Board"_ instructions below.
Uploading this sketch will overwrite WipperSnapper. If you want to re-install WipperSnapper, follow the instructions at the top of this page.
### Moving from WipperSnapper to Arduino
If you want to use your board with Arduino, you will use the Arduino IDE to load _any_ sketch onto your board.
First, follow the page below to set up your Arduino IDE environment for use with your board.
[Setup Arduino IDE](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-itsybitsy-esp32/arduino-ide-setup)
Then, follow the page below to upload the "Arduino Blink" sketch to your board.
[Upload Arduino Blink Sketch](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-itsybitsy-esp32/blink)
Uploading this sketch will overwrite WipperSnapper. If you want to re-install WipperSnapper, follow the instructions at the top of this page.
### Factory Resetting a WipperSnapper Board
Sometimes, hardware gets into a state that requires it to be "restored" to the original state it shipped in. If you'd like to get your board back to its original factory state, follow the guide below.
[Factory Reset page](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-itsybitsy-esp32/factory-reset)
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## WipperSnapper Essentials
You've installed WipperSnapper firmware on your board and connected it to Adafruit IO. Next, let's learn how to use Adafruit IO!
The Adafruit IO supports a large number of _components. Components_ are physical parts such as buttons, switches, sensors, servos, LEDs, RGB LEDs, and more.
The following pages will get you up and running with WipperSnapper as you interact with your board's LED, read the value of a push button, send the value of an I2C sensor to the internet, and wirelessly control colorful LEDs.
### Parts
The following parts are **required** to complete the WipperSnapper essentials pages for this board:
Featured
### STEMMA Wired Potentiometer Breakout Board - 10K ohm Linear
[STEMMA Wired Potentiometer Breakout Board - 10K ohm Linear](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4493)
For the easiest way possible to measure twists, turn to this STEMMA potentiometer breakout (ha!). This plug-n-play pot comes with a JST-PH 2mm connector and a matching [JST PH 3-Pin to Male Header Cables - 200mm](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3893), so wiring up is a cinch....
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4493)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4493/guides)
Featured
### Adafruit MCP9808 High Accuracy I2C Temperature Sensor Breakout
[Adafruit MCP9808 High Accuracy I2C Temperature Sensor Breakout](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027)
The MCP9808 digital temperature sensor is one of the more accurate/precise we've ever seen, with a typical accuracy of ±0.25°C over the sensor's -40°C to +125°C range and precision of +0.0625°C. They work great with any microcontroller using standard I2C. With...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/5027/guides)
Featured
### STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-pin Cable - 100mm Long
[STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-pin Cable - 100mm Long](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4210)
This 4-wire cable is a little over 100mm / 4" long and fitted with JST-SH female 4-pin connectors on both ends. Compared with the chunkier JST-PH these are 1mm pitch instead of 2mm, but still have a nice latching feel, while being easy to insert and remove.
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4210)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4210/guides)
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## LED Blink
Info: This demo shows controlling an LED from Adafruit IO. The same kind of control can be used for relays, lights, motors, or solenoids.
One of the first programs you typically write to get used to embedded programming is a sketch that repeatably blinks an LED. IoT projects are _wireless,_ so after completing this section, you'll be able to turn on (or off) the LED built into your board from anywhere in the world.
## Where is the LED on my board?
A little red LED is just beneath the pin labelled **BAT ** on the board, above the USB connector (when on the left side).
It's connected to pin GPIO13 (**D13)**
## Create a LED Component on Adafruit IO
On the device page, click the New Component (or "+") button to open the component picker.
Search for the component name by entering `LED` into the text box on the component picker, the list of components should update as soon as you stop typing.
### Filtering and searching for components
Since WipperSnapper supports such a large number of components, there is keyword filtering. Try searching for various keywords, like:
- component names: `aht20`, `servo`, `buzzer`, `button`, `led`, etc
- sensor types: `light`, `temperature`, `pressure`, `humidity`, etc
- interface: `i2c`, `uart`, `ds18x20`, `pin`, etc (also I2C addresses e.g. `0x44`)
- vendor: `Adafruit`, `ASAIR`, `Infineon`, `Bosch`, `Honeywell`, `Sensirion`, etc
There are also product and documentation links to every component. Follow the links beneath the component descriptions to be taken to the appropriate product page or Learn Guide
Select the **LED** from the list of components.
On the Create LED Component form, the board's LED pin is pre-selected.
Click Create Component.
Behind the scenes, Adafruit IO sends send a command to your board running WipperSnapper telling it to configure "LED Pin" as a digital output.
Your board's page on Adafruit IO shows a new LED component.
## Usage
On the board page, toggle the LED component by clicking the toggle switch. This should turn your board's built-in LED on or off.
The built-in LED pin (**D13)** also supports PWM, and can instead be used as a **Dimmable LED** component as shown here:
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Read a Push-button
Info: This demo shows reading the state of a push-button from WipperSnapper. But the same kind of control can be used for reading switches, break beam sensors, and other digital sensors.
You can configure a board running WipperSnapper to read data from standard input buttons, switches, or digital sensors, and send the value to Adafruit IO.
From Adafruit IO, you will configure one of the pushbuttons on your board as a push button component. Then, when the button is pressed (or released), a value will be published to Adafruit IO.
## Button Location
This example uses the board's built-in push-button and internal pull-up resistor instead of wiring a push-button up.
There is a user readable button switch to use as an input, labeled **U** on the silk-screen (There's a via in the middle of the U so it's hard to see until you know).
You can read it on pin GPIO 35 (D35).
## Create a Push-button Component on Adafruit IO
On the device page, click the New Component (or "+") button to open the component picker.
Search for the component name by entering `push` into the text box on the component picker, the list of components should update as soon as you stop typing.
### Filtering and searching for components
Since WipperSnapper supports such a large number of components, you can use filtering. Try searching for various keywords, like:
- component names:` aht20`, `servo`, `buzzer`, `button`, `potentiometer`, etc
- sensor types: `light`, `temperature`, `pressure`, `humidity`, etc
- interface: `i2c`, `uart`, `ds18x20`, `pin`, etc (also I2C addresses e.g. `0x44`)
- vendor: `Adafruit`, `ASAIR`, `Infineon`, `Bosch`, `Honeywell`, `Sensirion`, etc
There are also added product and documentation links for every component. Follow the links beneath the component descriptions to be taken to the appropriate product page or Learn Guide.
Select the **Push Button** from the list of results to go to the component configuration page.
There will be a back button if you select the wrong component, and you can use the Edit component icon (⚙️) on the device page to update the component configuration in the future.
The "Create Push Button Component" form presents you with options for configuring the push button.
Start by selecting the board's pin connected to the push button.
The _Return Interval_ dictates how frequently the value of the push-button will be sent from the board to Adafruit IO.
For this example, you will configure the push button's value to be only sent when the value changes (i.e. when it's either pressed or depressed).
Finally, check the **Specify Pin Pull Direction ** checkbox and select the pull direction.
Make sure the form's settings look like the following screenshot. Then, click **Create Component**.
Adafruit IO sends a command to your WipperSnapper board, telling it to configure the GPIO pin you selected to behave as a digital input pin and to enable it to pull up the internal resistor.
Your board's page should also show the new push-button component.
Push the button on your board to change the value of the push-button component on Adafruit IO.
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## NeoPixel LED
Your board has a WS281x RGB LED (NeoPixel, in Adafruit jargon) built in. Boards running the WipperSnapper firmware can be wirelessly controlled by Adafruit IO to interact with NeoPixels.
On this page, you'll learn how to change the color and brightness of the NeoPixel built into your board from Adafruit IO.
## Where is the NeoPixel on my board?
In the center of the board, to the left of the ESP32 module and just below the StemmaQT / Qwiic connector is the **NeoPixel**. This addressable RGB LED works both as a status LED, and can be controlled by the user (it's a status LED at boot time or if not in use).
It is connected to GPIO0 (D0).
## Create the NeoPixel Component
Primary: If you used the Magic Config button to automatically configure the components on your board, then the NeoPixel component will already be configured. Skip ahead to the **Usage** section.
Don't know about Magic Config? Click the Auto-Config button on the device page for further details!
On the device page, click the New Component (or "+") button to open the component picker.
Search for the component name by entering `neopixel` into the text box on the component picker, the list of components should update as soon as you stop typing
### Filtering and searching for components
Since WipperSnapper supports such a large number of components, you can use keyword filtering. Try searching for various keywords, like:
- component names: `aht20`, `servo`, `buzzer`, `button`, `neopixel`, etc
- sensor types: `light`, `temperature`, `pressure`, `humidity`, etc
- interface: `i2c`, `uart`, `ds18x20`, `pin`, etc (also I2C addresses e.g. `0x44`)
- vendor: `Adafruit`, `ASAIR`, `Infineon`, `Bosch`, `Honeywell`, `Sensirion`, etc
There is also added product and documentation links for every component, follow the links beneath the component descriptions to be taken to the appropriate product page or Learn Guide
Select the **NeoPixel** from the list of results to go to the component configuration page.
There will be a back button if you select the wrong component, and you can use the Edit component icon (⚙️) on the device page to update the component configuration in the future.
The board NeoPixel pin is automatically found and selected.
Click **Create Component**
Behind the scenes, Adafruit IO sends a command to your board running WipperSnapper firmware telling it to configure the pin as a NeoPixel component with the settings from the form.
The Device page shows the NeoPixel component.
## Set the NeoPixel's RGB Color
Since no colors have been set yet, the color picker's default value is `#000000` (black in hex color code) and appears "off". You can change that to make the NeoPixel shine brightly!
On the NeoPixel component, click the color dropper at the end of the color swatch list.
A color picker pops open! Next: learning how Adafruit IO uses hex color codes to represent the colors on your NeoPixel.
### Hex Colors 101
The color picker on Adafruit IO uses hex color codes to represent Red, Green, and Blue values. For example, `#FF0000` is the hex color code for the color red. The colors (`#FF0000`) red component is `FF` (255 translated to decimal), the green component is `00` and the blue component is `00`. Translated to RGB format, the color is `RGB (255, 0, 0)`.
Using the color picker, or by manually entering a hex color code, select a color.
When you're ready to set the color of your device's NeoPixel, click **FILL WITH COLOR**. The NeoPixel will immediately glow!
## Set NeoPixel Brightness
If the NeoPixel is too bright (or too dim), you can change the overall brightness. Click the gear/cog icon on the NeoPixel component to open its settings.
On the NeoPixel component form, set Brightness to a value between 0 (fully off) and 255 (full brightness).
Click the **Update Component ** button to send the updated configuration to your device.
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## I2C Sensor
Info:
Inter-Integrated Circuit, aka **I2C** , is a two-wire protocol for connecting sensors and "devices" to a microcontroller. A large number of sensors, including the ones sold by Adafruit, use I2C to communicate.
**Typically, using I2C with a microcontroller involves programming. Adafruit IO and WipperSnapper let you configure a microcontroller to read data from an I2C sensor and publish that data to the internet without writing code.**
The WipperSnapper firmware supports a number of I2C sensors, [viewable in list format here](https://github.com/adafruit/Wippersnapper_Components/tree/main/components/i2c).
- If you do not see the I2C sensor you're attempting to use with WipperSnapper, [Adafruit has a guide on adding a component to Adafruit IO WipperSnapper here](https://learn.adafruit.com/how-to-add-a-new-component-to-adafruit-io-wippersnapper).
On this page, you'll learn how to wire up an I2C sensor to your board. Then, you'll create a new component on Adafruit IO for your I2C sensor and send the sensor values to Adafruit IO. Finally, you'll learn how to locate, interpret, and download the data produced by your sensors.
## Parts
You will need the following parts to complete this page:
Featured
### Adafruit MCP9808 High Accuracy I2C Temperature Sensor Breakout
[Adafruit MCP9808 High Accuracy I2C Temperature Sensor Breakout](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027)
The MCP9808 digital temperature sensor is one of the more accurate/precise we've ever seen, with a typical accuracy of ±0.25°C over the sensor's -40°C to +125°C range and precision of +0.0625°C. They work great with any microcontroller using standard I2C. With...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/5027/guides)
Featured
### STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-pin Cable - 100mm Long
[STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-pin Cable - 100mm Long](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4210)
This 4-wire cable is a little over 100mm / 4" long and fitted with JST-SH female 4-pin connectors on both ends. Compared with the chunkier JST-PH these are 1mm pitch instead of 2mm, but still have a nice latching feel, while being easy to insert and remove.
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4210)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4210/guides)
## Wiring
If you're using a STEMMA QT to STEMMA QT cable:
- **Board STEMMA QT Port** to **MCP9808's STEMMA QT Port**
If you're using a breadboard:
- **Board power ** to ** MCP9808 VIN**
- **Board ground ** to ** MCP9808 GND**
- **Board SCL ** to ** MCP9808 SCL**
- **Board SDA ** to ** MCP9808 SDA**
## Add an MCP9808 Component
On the device page, click the New Component (or "+") button to open the component picker.
Search for the component name by entering `MCP9808` into the text box on the component picker, the list of components should update as soon as you stop typing.
### Filtering and searching for components
Since WipperSnapper supports such a large number of components, there is keyword filtering. Try searching for various keywords, like:
- component names: `aht20`, `servo`, `buzzer`, `button`, `potentiometer`, etc
- sensor types: `light`, `temperature`, `pressure`, `humidity`, etc
- interface: `i2c`, `uart`, `ds18x20`, `pin`, etc (also I2C addresses e.g. `0x44`)
- vendor: `Adafruit`, `ASAIR`, `Infineon`, `Bosch`, `Honeywell`, `Sensirion`, etc
There are added product and documentation links for every component, follow the links beneath the component descriptions to be taken to the appropriate product page or Learn Guide.
Select the **MCP9808** from the list of results to go to the component configuration page.
There will be a back button if you select the wrong component, and you can use the Edit component icon (⚙️) on the device page to update the component configuration in the future.
On the component configuration page, the MCP9808's I2C sensor address should be listed along with the sensor's settings.
The MCP9808 sensor can measure ambient temperature. This page has individual options for reading the ambient temperature, in either Celsius or Fahrenheit. You may select the readings which are appropriate to your application and region.
The **Send Every** option is specific to each sensor measurement. This option will tell the board how often it should read from the sensor and send the data to Adafruit IO. Measurements can range from every 30 seconds to every 24 hours.
For this example, set the **Send Every ** interval for both seconds to **Every 30 seconds. ** Click **Create Component**.
The board page should now show the MCP9808 component you created. After the interval you configured elapses, the WipperSnapper firmware running on your board automatically reads values from the sensor and sends them to Adafruit IO.
## Read I2C Sensor Values
Now to look behind the scenes at a powerful element of using Adafruit IO and WipperSnapper. When a new component is created on Adafruit IO, an [Adafruit IO Feed](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-io-basics-feeds) is also created. This Feed holds your sensor component values for long-term storage (30 days of storage for Adafruit IO Free and 60 days for Adafruit IO Plus plans).
Aside from holding the **values** read by a sensor, the component's feed also holds **metadata** about the data pushed to Adafruit IO. This includes settings for whether the data is public or private, what license the stored sensor data falls under, and a general description of the data.
Next, to look at the sensor temperature feed. To navigate to a component's feed, click on the chart icon in the upper-right-hand corner of the component.
On the component's feed page, you'll each data point read by your sensor and when they were reported to Adafruit IO.
### Doing more with your sensor's Adafruit IO Feed
This only scratches the surface of what Adafruit IO Feeds can accomplish for your IoT projects. For a complete overview of Adafruit IO Feeds, including tasks like downloading feed data, sharing a feed, removing erroneous data points from a feed, and more, [head over to the "Adafruit IO Basics: Feed" learning guide](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-io-basics-feeds).
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Analog Input
Your microcontroller board has both digital and analog signal capabilities. Some pins are analog, some are digital, and some are capable of both. Check the **Pinouts** page in this guide for details about your board.
Analog signals are different from digital signals in that they can be _any_ voltage and can vary continuously and smoothly between voltages. An analog signal is like a dimmer switch on a light, whereas a digital signal is like a simple on/off switch.
Digital signals only can ever have two states, they are either are **on** (high logic level voltage like 3.3V) or **off** (low logic level voltage like 0V / ground).
By contrast, analog signals can be any voltage in-between on and off, such as 1.8V or 0.001V or 2.98V and so on.
Analog signals are continuous values which means they can be an _infinite_ number of different voltages. Think of analog signals like a floating point or fractional number, they can smoothly transiting to _any_ in-between value like 1.8V, 1.81V, 1.801V, 1.8001V, 1.80001V and so forth to infinity.
Many devices use analog signals, in particular sensors typically output an analog signal or voltage that varies based on something being sensed like light, heat, humidity, etc.
## Analog to Digital Converter (ADC)
An analog-to-digital-converter, or ADC, is the key to reading analog signals and voltages with a microcontroller. An ADC is a device that reads the voltage of an analog signal and converts it into a digital, or numeric, value. The microcontroller can’t read analog signals directly, so the analog signal is first converted into a numeric value by the ADC.
The black line below shows a digital signal over time, and the red line shows the converted analog signal over the same amount of time.
Once that analog signal has been converted by the ADC, the microcontroller can use those digital values any way you like!
## Potentiometers
A potentiometer is a small variable resistor that you can twist a knob or shaft to change its resistance. It has three pins. By twisting the knob on the potentiometer you can change the resistance of the middle pin (called the wiper) to be anywhere within the range of resistance of the potentiometer.
By wiring the potentiometer to your board in a special way (called a voltage divider) you can turn the change in resistance into a change in voltage that your board’s analog to digital converter can read.
To wire up a potentiometer as a voltage divider:
- Connect **one outside pin** to **ground**
- Connect **the other outside pin** to **voltage in (e.g. 3.3V)**
- Connect **the middle pin** to **an analog pin (e.g. A0)**
## Hardware
In addition to your microcontroller board, you will need the following hardware to follow along with this example.
**Potentiometer**
Featured
### STEMMA Wired Potentiometer Breakout Board - 10K ohm Linear
[STEMMA Wired Potentiometer Breakout Board - 10K ohm Linear](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4493)
For the easiest way possible to measure twists, turn to this STEMMA potentiometer breakout (ha!). This plug-n-play pot comes with a JST-PH 2mm connector and a matching [JST PH 3-Pin to Male Header Cables - 200mm](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3893), so wiring up is a cinch....
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4493)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4493/guides)
## Wire Up the Potentiometer
Connect the potentiometer to your board as follows.
- **ItsyBitsy 3.3V ** to ** potentiometer left pin**
- **ItsyBitsy A3 ** to ** potentiometer middle pin**
- **ItsyBitsy GND ** to ** potentiometer right pin**
**Note:** On WipperSnapper, the ESP32's ADC2 pins are unusable for analog input since WiFi is constantly running.
- [For information on what Analog Input pins can (and can't) be used on this board, click here \>\>\>](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-itsybitsy-esp32/pinouts)
## Create a Potentiometer Component on Adafruit IO
On the device page, click the New Component (or "+") button to open the component picker.
Search for the component name by entering `potentiometer` into the text box on the component picker, the list of components should update as soon as you stop typing.
### Filtering and searching for components
Since WipperSnapper supports such a large number of components, there is keyword filtering. Try searching for various keywords, like:
- component names: `aht20`, `servo`, `buzzer`, `button`, `potentiometer`, etc
- sensor types: `light`, `temperature`, `pressure`, `humidity`, etc
- interface: `i2c`, `uart`, `ds18x20`, `pin`, etc (also I2C addresses e.g. `0x44`)
- vendor: `Adafruit`, `ASAIR`, `Infineon`, `Bosch`, `Honeywell`, `Sensirion`, etc
There are also added product and documentation links for every component, follow the links beneath the component descriptions to be taken to the appropriate product page or Learn Guide.
Select the **Potentiometer** from the list of results to go to the component configuration page.
There will be a back button if you select the wrong component, and you can use the Edit component icon (⚙️) on the device page to update the component configuration in the future.
On the _Create Potentiometer Component_ form:
- Set **Potentiometer Pin** to **A3**
- Select **"On Change"** as the **Return Interval**
- Select **Raw Analog Value** as the **Return Type**
Then, click Create Component
The potentiometer component appears on your board page! Next, learning to read values from it.
## Read Analog Pin Values
Rotate the potentiometer to see the value change.
_What do these values mean?_
WipperSnapper reports ADC "raw values" as 16-bit unsigned integer values. Your potentiometer will read between 0 (twisting the pot to the leftmost position) and 65535 (twisting the pot to the rightmost position).
## Read Analog Pin Voltage Values
You can update the potentiometer component (or any analog pin component in WipperSnapper) to report values in Volts. To do this, on the right-hand side of the potentiometer component, click the cog button.
Under **Return Type** , click Voltage.
Click Update Component to send the updated component settings to your board running WipperSnapper.
Now, twist the potentiometer to see the value reported to Adafruit IO in Volts!
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Factory Reset
Your microcontroller ships running a factory demo. It's lovely, but you probably had other plans for the board. As you start working with your board, you may want to return to the original code to begin again, or you may find your board gets into a bad state. Either way, this page has you covered.
## Factory Reset Example Code
If you're still able to load Arduino sketches, you can load the following sketch onto your board to return it to its original state.
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Learning_System_Guides/blob/main/Factory_Tests/ItsyBitsy_ESP32_FactoryReset/ItsyBitsy_ESP32_FactoryReset.ino
Your board is now back to its factory-shipped state! You can now begin again with your plans for your board.
## Factory Reset .bin
If your board is in a state where Arduino isn't working, you may need to use these tools to flash a .bin file directly onto your board.
There are two ways to do a factory reset. The first is using WebSerial through Firefox 151 or later, or a Chrome-based browser, and the second is using `esptool` via command line. **We highly recommend using WebSerial through a browser.**
First you'll need to download the factory-reset.bin file. Save the following file wherever is convenient for you. You'll need access to it for both tools.
[Click to download Adafruit_ItsyBitsy_ESP32_FactoryReset.bin](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-ItsyBitsy-ESP32-PCB/raw/main/factory-reset/Adafruit_ItsyBitsy_ESP32_FactoryReset.bin)
Now that you've downloaded the .bin file, you're ready to continue with the factory reset process. The next two sections walk you through using WebSerial and `esptool`.
## The WebSerial ESPTool Method
Primary:
This method uses the WebSerial ESPTool through Web-Serial-capable browser. The WebSerial ESPTool was designed to be a web-capable option for programming ESP32 boards. It allows you to erase the contents of the microcontroller and program up to four files at different offsets.
**Web Serial support requires Firefox 151 or a Chrome-89-based browser (or higher).**
Follow the steps to complete the factory reset.
Warning:
### Connect
You should have plugged in **only the ESP32 that you intend to flash**. That way there's no confusion in picking the proper port when it's time!
In the **Chrome browser** visit [https://adafruit.github.io/Adafruit\_WebSerial\_ESPTool/](https://adafruit.github.io/Adafruit_WebSerial_ESPTool/). You should see something like the image shown.
Press the **Connect** button in the top right of the web browser. You will get a pop up asking you to select the COM or Serial port.
**Remember, you should remove all other USB devices so** **_only_ the ESP32 board is attached, that way there's no confusion over multiple ports!**
On some systems, such as MacOS, there may be additional system ports that appear in the list.
The Javascript code will now try to connect to the ROM bootloader. It may timeout for a bit until it succeeds. On success, you will see that it is **Connected** and will print out a unique **MAC address** identifying the board along with other information that was detected.
Once you have successfully connected, the command toolbar will appear.
### Erase the Contents
To erase the contents, click the Erase button. You will be prompted whether you want to continue. Click OK to continue or if you changed your mind, just click cancel.
You'll see "Erasing flash memory. Please wait..." This will eventually be followed by "Finished." and the amount of time it took to erase.
**Do not disconnect!** Immediately continue on to programming the ESP32.
Danger:
### Program the ESP32
Programming the microcontroller can be done with up to four files at different locations, but with the board-specific **factory-reset.bin** file, which you should have downloaded earlier, you only need to use one file.
Click on the first **Choose a file...**. (The tool will only attempt to program buttons with a file and a unique location.) Then, select the \*- **factory-reset.bin** file you downloaded in Step 1 that matches your board.
Verify that the **Offset** box next to the file location you used is (0x) **0**.
Once you choose a file, the button text will change to match your filename. You can then select the **Program** button to begin flashing.
A progress bar will appear and after a minute or two, you will have written the firmware.
Once completed, you can skip down to the section titled Reset the Board.
## The `esptool` Method (for advanced users)
Danger:
Alternatively, you can [use Espressif's esptool program](https://github.com/espressif/esptool) to communicate with the chip! `esptool` is the 'official' programming tool and is the most common/complete way to program an ESP chip.
### Install ESPTool.py
You will need to use the command line / Terminal to install and run `esptool`.
You will also need to have pip and Python installed (any version!).
Install the latest version using pip (you may be able to run `pip` without the `3` depending on your setup):
`pip3 install --upgrade esptool`
Then, you can run:
`esptool.py`
### Test the Installation
Run `esptool.py` in a new terminal/command line and verify you get something like the below:
### Connect
Run the following command, replacing the `COM88` identifier after `--port` with the `COMxx`, `/dev/cu.usbmodemxx` or `/dev/ttySxx` you found above.
`esptool.py --port COM88 chip_id`
You should get a notice that it connected over that port and found an ESP32.
### Installing the Factory Test file
Run this command and replace the serial port name, `COM88`, with your matching port and `*-factory-reset.bin` with file you just downloaded
`esptool.py --port COM88 write_flash 0x0 *-factory-reset.bin`
Don't forget to change the `--port` name to match.
There might be a bit of a 'wait' when programming, where it doesn't seem like it's working. Give it a minute, it has to erase the old flash code which can cause it to seem like it's not running.
You'll finally get an output like this:
Once completed, you can continue to the next section.
## Reset the board
Now that you've reprogrammed the board, you need to reset it to continue. Click the reset button to launch the new firmware.
Info:
The NeoPixel LED on the ItsyBitsy ESP32 will show a rainbow swirl while blinking the onboard LED. Then, the NeoPixel will turn green while a WiFi network scan occurs. If you open the Serial Monitor, you'll see a list of detected WiFi networks.
You've successfully returned your board to a factory reset state!
## Older Versions of Chrome
Primary:
We suggest updating to Chrome 89 or newer, as Web Serial is enabled by default.
If you must continue using an older version of Chrome, follow these steps to enable Web Serial.
If you receive an error like the one shown when you visit the WebSerial ESPTool site, you're likely running an older version of Chrome.
**You must be using Chrome 78 or later to use Web Serial.**
To enable Web Serial in Chrome versions 78 through 88:
- Visit **chrome://flags** from within Chrome.
- Find and enable the **Experimental Web Platform features**
- **Restart Chrome**
# Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32
## Downloads
## Files
- [ESP32 datasheet](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/109/588/original/esp32-pico-mini-02_datasheet_en.pdf?1646852017)
- [CH9102 datasheet](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/111/949/original/CH9102DS1.PDF?1653415979)
- [EagleCAD PCB files on GitHub](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-ItsyBitsy-ESP32-PCB)
- [3D Models on GitHub](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CAD_Parts/tree/main/5889%20ItsyBitsy%20ESP32)
- [Fritzing object in the Adafruit Fritzing Library](https://github.com/adafruit/Fritzing-Library/blob/master/parts/Adafruit%20ItsyBitsy%20ESP32.fzpz)
- [PrettyPins pinout PDF on GitHub](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-ItsyBitsy-ESP32-PCB/blob/main/Adafruit_ItsyBitsy_ESP32_PrettyPinsPDF.pdf)
- [PrettyPins pinout SVG](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-ItsyBitsy-ESP32-PCB/blob/main/Adafruit_ItsyBitsy_ESP32_PrettyPinsSVG.svg)
## Schematic and Fab Print
## 3D Model
## Primary Products
### Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32 - PCB Antenna - 8 MB Flash / 2 MB PSRAM
[Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32 - PCB Antenna - 8 MB Flash / 2 MB PSRAM](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5889)
What's smaller than a Feather but larger than a Trinket? It's an **Adafruit ItsyBitsy ESP32** , a powerful processor PCB with a plethora of pins! It features the ESP32 Pico module, an FCC-certified module that contains an **ESP32 chip with...**
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5889)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/5889/guides)
## Guide Products
### Adafruit LiIon/LiPoly Backpack Add-On for Pro Trinket/ItsyBitsy
[Adafruit LiIon/LiPoly Backpack Add-On for Pro Trinket/ItsyBitsy](https://www.adafruit.com/product/2124)
If you have an ItsyBitsy or Pro Trinket you probably know it's the perfect little size for a portable project. This LiPoly backpack makes it really easy to do! Instead of wiring 2 or 3 boards together to make a charging system, this little PCB sits on top of the PCB and allows a...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/2124)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/2124/guides)
### Adafruit MCP9808 High Accuracy I2C Temperature Sensor Breakout
[Adafruit MCP9808 High Accuracy I2C Temperature Sensor Breakout](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027)
The MCP9808 digital temperature sensor is one of the more accurate/precise we've ever seen, with a typical accuracy of ±0.25°C over the sensor's -40°C to +125°C range and precision of +0.0625°C. They work great with any microcontroller using standard I2C. With...
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/5027)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/5027/guides)
### STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-Pin Cable - 50mm Long
[STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-Pin Cable - 50mm Long](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4399)
This 4-wire cable is 50mm / 1.9" long and fitted with JST SH female 4-pin connectors on both ends. Compared with the chunkier JST PH these are 1mm pitch instead of 2mm, but still have a nice latching feel, while being easy to insert and remove.
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4399)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4399/guides)
### STEMMA Wired Potentiometer Breakout Board - 10K ohm Linear
[STEMMA Wired Potentiometer Breakout Board - 10K ohm Linear](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4493)
For the easiest way possible to measure twists, turn to this STEMMA potentiometer breakout (ha!). This plug-n-play pot comes with a JST-PH 2mm connector and a matching [JST PH 3-Pin to Male Header Cables - 200mm](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3893), so wiring up is a cinch....
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4493)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4493/guides)
### STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-pin Cable - 100mm Long
[STEMMA QT / Qwiic JST SH 4-pin Cable - 100mm Long](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4210)
This 4-wire cable is a little over 100mm / 4" long and fitted with JST-SH female 4-pin connectors on both ends. Compared with the chunkier JST-PH these are 1mm pitch instead of 2mm, but still have a nice latching feel, while being easy to insert and remove.
In Stock
[Buy Now](https://www.adafruit.com/product/4210)
[Related Guides to the Product](https://learn.adafruit.com/products/4210/guides)
## Related Guides
- [Adafruit ADS7830 8-Channel 8-Bit ADC](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-ads7830-8-channel-8-bit-adc.md)
- [Tiny LED WiFi Companion Cube](https://learn.adafruit.com/tiny-led-wifi-cube.md)
- [Wireless LED Juggling Balls with ESP-NOW](https://learn.adafruit.com/wireless-juggling-balls-esp-now.md)
- [Trinkey True Random Number Generator](https://learn.adafruit.com/trinkey-qt2040-true-random-number-generator.md)
- [A NeoPixel Pomodoro Timer](https://learn.adafruit.com/a-neopixel-pomodoro-timer.md)
- [Sensor-Locked Secrets with CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/sensor-locked-secrets-with-circuitpython.md)
- [Adafruit Metro RP2350](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-metro-rp2350.md)
- [Adafruit Voice Bonnet](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-voice-bonnet.md)
- [Blahaj Alarm and Lamp](https://learn.adafruit.com/blahaj-alarm.md)
- [Generating Text with ChatGPT, Pico W & CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/generating-text-with-chatgpt-pico-w-circuitpython.md)
- [Digital Clock with CircuitPython](https://learn.adafruit.com/digital-clock-with-circuitpython.md)
- [Gravity Falls Memory Gun](https://learn.adafruit.com/gravity-falls-memory-gun.md)
- [MIDI Breath Controller](https://learn.adafruit.com/midi-breath-controller.md)
- [No-Code Snowfall Tracker with WipperSnapper and Adafruit IO](https://learn.adafruit.com/no-code-snow-tracker-with-wippersnapper-and-adafruit-io.md)
- [Adafruit ItsyBitsy RP2040](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-itsybitsy-rp2040.md)